Top

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Published in:

21-05-2022 | Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for biological and health (medical) applications

Bone formation with high bacterial inhibition and low toxicity behavior by melding of Al₂O₃ on nanobioactive glass ceramics via sol-gel process

Authors: M. S. Kairon Mubina, S. Shailajha, R. Sankaranarayanan, M. Iyyadurai

Published in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology | Issue 1/2022

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Bioactive glasses have been popular as coating materials on bone implants in recent years to increase their integration with the host tissue and overall biological function. Infection and toxicity are significant factors in the failure of bone-implant material. The goal of this research is to develop a sol-gel derived, Al₂O₃ doped nanobioactive glass-ceramics (nBGC) with non-toxic and antibacterial activity. The main crystalline phase of sodium calcium silicate was transformed to sodium calcium aluminium silicate by increasing the Al₂O₃ concentration, it was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis. The density and mechanical strength were increased as 2.63–3.12 g/cm³ and 75–105 MPa, respectively for the sample x = 0 to 10 wt.%. The formation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) was proved by XRD, FTIR, and FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) with EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) analysis through variations in pH, zeta potential, and degradation behavior. Higher cell viability percentage was attained as >99% for L929 cells, outstanding antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus and excellent hydrophilic nature were obtained for the sample nBGC-10Al. Altogether, a higher concentration of Al₂O₃ in nBGC could enhance the physical and biological properties and it can be used as an excellent candidate for orthopedic applications.

previous article Preparation and properties of pH-responsive magnetic mesoporous silica drug carrier

next article Preparation and activity evaluation of B4C/ZnO composite photocatalyst

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Mahdy EA, Sahbal KM, Mabrouk M, Beherei HH, Abdel-Monem YK (2021) Enhancement of glass-ceramic performance by TiO₂ doping: In vitro cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation. Ceram Int 47(5):6251–6261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.10.203CrossRef

Migonney, V (2014) History of biomaterials. Biomaterials, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119043553.ch1

Oliver JN, Su Y, Lu X, Kuo PH, Du J, Zhu D (2019) Bioactive glass coatings on metallic implants for biomedical applications. Bioact Mater 4:261–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2019.09.002CrossRef

Sola A, Bellucci D, Cannillo V, Cattini A (2011) Bioactive glass coatings: a review. Surf Eng 27:560–572. https://doi.org/10.1179/1743294410Y.0000000008CrossRef

Fiume E, Barberi J, Verné E, Baino F (2018) Bioactive glasses: from parent 45S5 composition to scaffold-assisted tissue-healing therapies. J Funct Biomater 9(1):24. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb9010024CrossRef

Basu, B (2017) Biomaterials science and tissue engineering: principles and methods. Cambridge University Press.

Srivastava AK, Pyare R (2012) Characterization of ZnO substituted 45S5 Bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics. J Mater Sci Res 1(2):207. https://doi.org/10.2174/2352094905666150807002628CrossRef

Kaur D, Reddy MS, Pandey OP (2021) Synthesis, characterization, drug loading and in-vitro bioactivity studies of rice husk derived SiO₂–P₂O₅–MgO–CaO–SrO bio-active glasses. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 61:102154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102154CrossRef

Mubina MK, Shailajha S, Sankaranarayanan R, Saranya L (2019) In vitro bioactivity, mechanical behavior and antibacterial properties of mesoporous SiO₂-CaO-Na₂O-P₂O₅ nano bioactive glass ceramics. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 100:103379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103379CrossRef

10.

Lee WC, Lim CH, Shi H, Tang LA, Wang Y, Lim CT, Loh KP (2011) “Origin of enhanced stem cell growth and differentiation on graphene and graphene oxide. ACS nano 5(no. 9):7334–7341. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn202190cCrossRef

11.

Akhavan Omid, Ghaderi Elham, Shahsavar Mahla (2013) “Graphene nanogrids for selective and fast osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.”. Carbon 59:200–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.03.010CrossRef

12.

Akhavan Omid, Ghaderi Elham (2010) “Toxicity of graphene and graphene oxide nanowalls against bacteria.”. ACS nano 4(no. 10):5731–5736. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn101390xCrossRef

13.

Akhavan O, Ghaderi E (2012) “Escherichia coli bacteria reduce graphene oxide to bactericidal graphene in a self-limiting manner.”. Carbon 50(no. 5):1853–1860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.12.035CrossRef

14.

Vyas VK, Kumar AS, Prasad S, Singh SP, Pyare R (2015) Bioactivity and mechanical behaviour of cobalt oxide-doped bioactive glass. Bull Mater Sci 38(4):957–964. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-015-0936-6CrossRef

15.

Sharifianjazi F, Moradi M, Abouchenari A, Pakseresht AH, Esmaeilkhanian A, Shokouhimehr M, Asl MS (2020) Effects of Sr and Mg dopants on biological and mechanical properties of SiO₂–CaO–P₂O₅ bioactive glass. Ceram Int 46(14):22674–22682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.06.030CrossRef

16.

Kaur G, Pickrell G, Kimsawatde G, Homa D, Allbee HA, Sriranganathan N (2014) Synthesis, cytotoxicity and hydroxyapatite formation in 27-Tris-SBF for sol-gel based CaO-P₂O₅-SiO₂-B₂O₃-ZnO bioactive glasses. Sci Rep 4(1):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04392CrossRef

17.

Newby PJ, El-Gendy R, Kirkham J, Yang XB, Thompson ID, Boccaccini AR (2011) Ag-doped 45S5 Bioglass^®-based bone scaffolds by molten salt ion exchange: processing and characterisation. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 22(3):557–569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-011-4240-8CrossRef

18.

Abd Aladel B, Sabree IK, & Edrees SJ (2019). Effects of MgO wt.% on the structure, mechanical, and biological properties of bioactive glass-ceramics in the SiO₂, Na₂O, CaO, P₂O₅, MgO system. Int J Mechanical Engineer Technol 10 (1), 97–106.

19.

Al-Noaman A, Rawlinson SC, Hill RG (2012) The role of MgO on thermal properties, structure and bioactivity of bioactive glass coating for dental implants. J Non-crystalline Solids 358(22):3019–3027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2012.07.039CrossRef

20.

Vallet-Regi M, Salinas AJ, Roman J, Gil M (1999) Effect of magnesium content on the in vitro bioactivity of CaO-MgO-SiO₂-P₂O₅ sol-gel glasses. J Mater Chem 9(2):515–518. https://doi.org/10.1039/A808679FCrossRef

21.

Ma J, Chen CZ, Wang DG, Shao X, Wang CZ, Zhang HM (2012) Effect of MgO addition on the crystallization and in vitro bioactivity of glass ceramics in the CaO–MgO–SiO₂–P₂O₅ system. Ceram Int 38(8):6677–6684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.05.056CrossRef

22.

Saboori A, Rabiee M, Moztarzadeh F, Sheikhi M, Tahriri M, Karimi M (2009) Synthesis, characterization and in vitro bioactivity of sol-gel-derived SiO₂–CaO–P₂O₅–MgO bioglass. Mater Sci Eng: C 29(1):335–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2008.07.004.CrossRef

23.

Tripathi H, Hira SK, Kumar AS, Gupta U, Manna PP, Singh SP (2015) Structural characterization and in vitro bioactivity assessment of SiO₂–CaO–P₂O₅–K₂O–Al₂O₃ glass as bioactive ceramic material. Ceram Int 41(9):11756–11769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.05.143CrossRef

24.

Elalmiş, Y Effect of Al₂O₃ Doping on Antibacterial Activity of 45S5 Bioactive Glass. J Turk Chem Soc Sec A: Chem 8 (2), 419–428. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.835912.

25.

Karakuzu-Ikizler B, Terzioğlu P, Basaran-Elalmis Y, Tekerek BS, Yücel S (2020) Role of magnesium and aluminum substitution on the structural properties and bioactivity of bioglasses synthesized from biogenic silica. Bioact Mater 5(1):66–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2019.12.007CrossRef

26.

Sitarz M, Bulat K, Szumera M (2010) Aluminium influence on the crystallization and bioactivity of silico-phosphate glasses from NaCaPO₄–SiO₂ system. J Non-crystalline Solids 356(4–5):224–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2009.11.012CrossRef

27.

El-Kheshen AA, Khaliafa FA, Saad EA, Elwan RL (2008) Effect of Al₂O₃ addition on bioactivity, thermal and mechanical properties of some bioactive glasses. Ceram Int 34(7):1667–1673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2007.05.016CrossRef

28.

Moghanian A, Zohourfazeli M, Tajer MHM (2020) The effect of zirconium content on in vitro bioactivity, biological behavior and antibacterial activity of sol-gel derived 58S bioactive glass. J Non-Crystalline Solids 546:120262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2020.120262CrossRef

29.

Majumdar S, Hira SK, Tripathi H, Kumar AS, Manna PP, Singh SP, Krishnamurthy S (2021) Synthesis and characterization of barium-doped bioactive glass with potential anti-inflammatory activity. Ceram Int 47(5):7143–7158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.11.068CrossRef

30.

Kokubo T, Takadama H (2006) How useful is SBF in predicting in vivo bone bioactivity? Biomaterials 27(15):2907–2915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.01.017CrossRef

31.

Mohan Babu M, Syam Prasad P, Venkateswara Rao P, Hima Bindu S, Prasad A, Veeraiah N, Özcan M (2020) Influence of ZrO₂ addition on structural and biological activity of phosphate glasses for bone regeneration. Materials 13(18):4058. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13184058CrossRef

32.

Tuangam P, Supanitayanon L, Dechkunakorn S, Anuwongnukroh N, Srikhirin T, Roongrujimek P (2017, November). L929 cell cytotoxicity associated with experimental and commercial dental flosses. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 265, No. 1, p. 012010). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/265/1/012010

33.

Heidari S, Hooshmand T, Yekta BE, Tarlani A, Noshiri N, Tahriri M (2018) Effect of addition of titanium on structural, mechanical and biological properties of 45S5 glass-ceramic. Ceram Int 44(10):11682–11692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.03.245CrossRef

34.

Retrieved from: Research Gate (2015). https://www.researchgate.net/post/What-are-all-possible-reasons-for-the-peak-shift-in-X-Ray-Diffraction

35.

Samad HA, Jaafar M, Othman R, Kawashita M, Razak NHA (2011) New bioactive glass-ceramic: synthesis and application in PMMA bone cement composites. Bio-Med Mater Eng 21(4):247–258. https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-2011-0673CrossRef

36.

Yan W, Liu D, Tan D, Yuan P, Chen M (2012) FTIR spectroscopy study of the structure changes of palygorskite under heating. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Mol Biomolecular Spectrosc 97:1052–1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2012.07.085CrossRef

37.

Lakshmi R, Choudhary R, Ponnamma D, Sadasivuni KK, Swamiappan S (2019) Wollastonite/forsterite composite scaffolds offer better surface for hydroxyapatite formation. Bull Mater Sci 42(3):1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-019-1814-4CrossRef

38.

Gui H, Li C, Lin C, Zhang Q, Luo Z, Han L, Lu A (2019) Glass forming, crystallization, and physical properties of MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-B2O3 glass-ceramics modified by ZnO replacing MgO. J Eur Ceram Soc 39(4):1397–1410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2018.10.002CrossRef

39.

Kermani F, Mollazadeh Beidokhti S, Baino F, Gholamzadeh-Virany Z, Mozafari M, Kargozar S (2020) Strontium-and cobalt-doped multicomponent mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGS) for potential use in bone tissue engineering applications. Materials 13(6):1348. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13061348CrossRef

40.

Khalil EMA, ElBatal HA, Hamdy YM (2008) Investigation of bioactivity of silicate glass-ceramics in the system SiO₂-Na₂O-CaO-P₂O₅ containing MgO and TiO₂. Trans Indian Ceram Soc 67(3):119–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2008.11078648CrossRef

41.

Liu Y, Xue K, Yao S (2019) Structure, degradation and hydroxyapatite conversion of B-doped 58S bioglass and glass-ceramics. J Ceram Soc Jpn 127(4):232–241. https://doi.org/10.2109/jcersj2.18206CrossRef

42.

Islam MT, Sharmin N, Rance GA, Titman JJ, Parsons AJ, Hossain KMZ, Ahmed I (2020) The effect of MgO/TiO2 on structural and crystallization behavior of near invert phosphate‐based glasses. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108(3):674–686. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.34421CrossRef

43.

Sarker B, Li W, Zheng K, Detsch R, Boccaccini AR (2016) “Designing porous bone tissue engineering scaffolds with enhanced mechanical properties from composite hydrogels composed of modified alginate, gelatin, and bioactive glass.”. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2(no. 12):2240–2254. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00470CrossRef

44.

Maximov Maxim, Oana-Cristina Maximov LuminitaCraciun, Denisa Ficai AntonFicai, Ecaterina Andronescu (2021) “Bioactive glass—an extensive study of the preparation and coating methods.”. Coatings 11(no. 11):1386. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111386CrossRef

45.

Mondal S, Hoang G, Manivasagan P, Moorthy MS, Nguyen TP, Phan TT, Kim HH, Kim MH, Nam SY, Oh J (2018) Nano-hydroxyapatite bioactive glass composite scaffold with enhanced mechanical and biological performance for tissue engineering application. Ceram Int 44(13):15735–15746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.05.248CrossRef

46.

Kaur G, Kumar V, Baino F, Mauro JC, Pickrell G, Evans I, Bretcanu O (2019) Mechanical properties of bioactive glasses, ceramics, glass-ceramics and composites: State-of-the-art review and future challenges. Mater Sci Eng: C 104:109895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.109895CrossRef

47.

Khalil EMA, Youness RA, Amer MS, Taha MA (2018) Mechanical properties, in vitro and in vivo bioactivity assessment of Na₂O-CaO-P₂O₅-B₂O₃-SiO₂ glass-ceramics. Ceram Int 44(7):7867–7876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.01.222CrossRef

48.

Kaur P, Singh KJ, Kaur S, Kaur S, Singh AP (2020) Sol-gel derived strontium-doped SiO₂–CaO–MgO–P₂O₅ bioceramics for faster growth of bone like hydroxyapatite and their in vitro study for orthopedic applications. Mater Chem Phys 245:122763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.122763CrossRef

49.

Selvamani, Vijayakumar. “Stabilitystudies on nanomaterials used in drugs.” In Characterization and biology of nanomaterials for drug delivery, pp. 425–444. Elsevier, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814031-4.00015-5

50.

Lu HH, Pollack SR, Ducheyne P (2000) Temporal zeta potential variations of 45S5 bioactive glass immersed in an electrolyte solution. J Biomed Mater Res: Off J Soc Biomater, Jpn Soc Biomater, Aust Soc Biomater Korean Soc Biomater 51(1):80–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(200007)51:1<80::AID-JBM11>3.0.CO;2-6CrossRef

51.

De Oliveira AAR, De Souza DA, Dias LLS, De Carvalho SM, Mansur HS, de Magalhães Pereira M (2013) Synthesis, characterization and cytocompatibility of spherical bioactive glass nanoparticles for potential hard tissue engineering applications. Biomed Mater 8(2):025011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-6041/8/2/025011CrossRef

52.

Xie F, Gonzalo Juan I, Arango-Ospina M, Riedel R, Boccaccini AR, Ionescu E (2019) Apatite forming ability and dissolution behavior of Boron-and Calcium-Modified Silicon Oxycarbides in comparison to silicate bioactive glass. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 5(10):5337–5347. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00816CrossRef

53.

Yang X, Zhang L, Chen X, Sun X, Yang G, Guo X, Gou Z (2012) Incorporation of B₂O₃ in CaO-SiO₂-P₂O₅ bioactive glass system for improving strength of low-temperature co-fired porous glass ceramics. J Non-crystalline Solids 358(9):1171–1179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2012.02.005CrossRef

54.

Neumann A, Reske T, Held M, Jahnke K, Ragoss C, Maier HR (2004) “Comparative investigation of the biocompatibility of various silicon nitride ceramic qualities in vitro.”. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 15(no. 10):1135–1140. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JMSM.0000046396.14073.92CrossRef

55.

Carvalho AL, Vale AC, Sousa MP, Barbosa AM, Egídio Torrado, João F. Mano, Alves NM (2016) “Antibacterial bioadhesive layer-by-layer coatings for orthopedic applications.”. J Mater Chem B 4(no. 32):5385–5393. https://doi.org/10.1039/x0xx00000xCrossRef

56.

Bal B, Sonny, Rahaman MN (2012) “Orthopedic applications of silicon nitride ceramics. Acta Biomaterialia 8(no. 8):2889–2898. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2012.04.031CrossRef

57.

Gai X, Liu C, Wang G, Qin Y, Fan C, Liu J, Shi Y (2020) “A novel method for evaluating the dynamic biocompatibility of degradable biomaterials based on real-time cell analysis.”. Regenerative Biomater 7(no. 3):321–329. https://doi.org/10.1093/rb/rbaa017CrossRef

58.

Moreira CD, Carvalho SM, Mansur HS, Pereira MM (2016) Thermogelling chitosan–collagen–bioactive glass nanoparticle hybrids as potential injectable systems for tissue engineering. Mater Sci Eng: C 58:1207–1216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.075CrossRef

59.

Agac O, Gozutok M, Sasmazel HT, Ozturk A, Park J (2017) Mechanical and biological properties of Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ co-doped zirconia ceramics. Ceram Int 43(13):10434–10441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.05.080CrossRef

60.

Kaper JB, Nataro JP, Mobley HL (2004) “Pathogenic escherichia coli.”. Nat Rev Microbiol 2(no. 2):123–140. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro818CrossRef

61.

Cheung G, Bae JS, Otto M (2021) Pathogenicity and virulence of Staphylococcus aureus. Virulence 12(1):547–569. https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1878688CrossRef

62.

Slavin YN, Asnis J, Häfeli UO, Bach H (2017) Metal nanoparticles: understanding the mechanisms behind antibacterial activity. J Nanobiotechnol 15(1):1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-017-0308-zCrossRef

63.

Fernandes JS, Gentile P, Pires RA, Reis RL, Hatton PV (2017) Multifunctional bioactive glass and glass-ceramic biomaterials with antibacterial properties for repair and regeneration of bone tissue. Acta Biomaterialia 59:2–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2017.06.046CrossRef

64.

Singh G, Kumar S, Sharma SK, Sharma M, Singh VP, Vaish R (2019) Antibacterial and photocatalytic active transparent TiO₂ crystallized CaO–BaO–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃–TiO₂–ZnO glass nanocomposites. J Am Ceram Soc 102(6):3378–3390. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.16199CrossRef

65.

Rheima AM, Anber AA, Abdullah HI, Ismail AH (2021) Synthesis of alpha-gamma aluminum oxide nanocomposite via Electrochemical Method for Antibacterial Activity. Nano Biomed Eng 13(1):1–5. https://doi.org/10.5101/nbe.v13i1.p1-5CrossRef

66.

Naik MM, Naik HB, Nagaraju G, Vinuth M, Vinu K, Rashmi SK (2018) Effect of aluminium doping on structural, optical, photocatalytic and antibacterial activity on nickel ferrite nanoparticles by sol–gel auto-combustion method. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 29(23):20395–20414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-0174-yCrossRef

67.

Huang, Kai, Shu Cai, Guohua Xu, Xinyu Ye, Ying Dou, Mengguo Ren, Xuexin Wang (2013) “Preparation and characterization of mesoporous 45S5 bioactive glass–ceramic coatings on magnesium alloy for corrosion protection.”. J Alloy Compd 580:290–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.05.103CrossRef

68.

Jaggessar A, Mathew A, Tesfamichael T, Wang H, Yan C, Yarlagadda PK (2019) “Bacteria death and osteoblast metabolic activity correlated to hydrothermally synthesised TiO₂ surface properties.”. Molecules 24(no. 7):1201. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071201CrossRef

69.

Cappi B, Neuss S, Salber J, Telle R, Knüchel R, Fischer H (2010) “Cytocompatibility of high strength non‐oxide ceramics.”. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: Off J Soc Biomater, Jpn Soc Biomater, Aust Soc Biomater Korean Soc Biomater 93(no. 1):67–76. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.32527CrossRef

Title: Bone formation with high bacterial inhibition and low toxicity behavior by melding of Al2O3 on nanobioactive glass ceramics via sol-gel process
Authors: M. S. Kairon Mubina
S. Shailajha
R. Sankaranarayanan
M. Iyyadurai
Publication date: 21-05-2022
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology / Issue 1/2022
Print ISSN: 0928-0707
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4846
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-022-05842-9

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 1/2022

Orthogonal experimental study on vitrified bond prepared by sol–gel and verification

Removal of Pb2+, Cr3+ and Hg2+ ions from aqueous solutions using SiO2 and amino-functionalized SiO2 particles

Recent studies on sol–gel based corrosion protection of Cu—A review

Preparation of a dense alumina fiber with nanograins by a novel two-step calcination

Acid-etched coal fly ash/TiO2 nanocomposites with high photocatalytic degradation efficiency: a high value-added application of coal fly ash

Optimizing the environmentally friendly silica-cellulose aerogel composite for acoustic insulation material derived from newspaper and geothermal solid waste using a central composite design

Premium Partners