Top

Published in:

20-07-2019

Enhancement in photovoltaic properties of Nd:SnS films prepared by low-cost NSP method

Authors: S. Sebastian, I. Kulandaisamy, A. M. S. Arulanantham, S. Valanarasu, A. Kathalingam, Mohd. Shkir, Salem AlFaify

Published in: Rare Metals | Issue 5/2022

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The inner transition metal (ITM) neodymium (Nd)-doped tin sulfide (Nd:SnS) thin films with various Nd concentrations were coated by nebulizer spray pyrolysis (NSP) technique at 350 °C. All the coated films were analyzed for their structural, optical and photoelectrical properties. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) study showed (111) direction as the highly preferred orientation with orthorhombic crystal structure for all the films. The intensity of the peaks was found to increase until 5 at% Nd doping and then reduced for higher (7 at% Nd) doping concentration. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) images of the films proclaimed an increase in the surface and line roughness of the films by increasing Nd concentrations. Optical analysis on the films showed a variation in energy gap from 2.05 to 1.69 eV when the doping concentration increased from 0 at% to 7 at%. At 5 at% Nd doping, the photoluminescence (PL) spectra displayed a single strong emission peak at 723.1 nm with enhanced intensity corresponding to near-band-edge emission. All the SnS thin films exhibited p-type behavior with the lowest resistivity of ~ 4.311 Ω·cm and high carrier concentrations of ~ 1.441 × 10¹⁷ cm⁻³ for 5 at% Nd doping level as observed from Hall effect studies. Furthermore, fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/n-CdS/p-Nd:SnS hetero-junction solar cells were prepared and the current–voltage curve in dark and light condition was obtained for the device. An efficiency of 0.135% was observed for the solar cell fabricated with 5 at% Nd-doped SnS thin film.

previous article A highly efficient humidity sensor based on lead (II) coordination polymer via in-situ decarboxylation and hydrolysis synthesis

next article Preparation of Nb3Al powder by chemical reaction in molten salts

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

[1]

Noguchi Hidenori, Setiyadi Agus, Tanamura Hiromasa, Nagatomo Takao, Omoto Osamu. Characterization of vacuum-evaporated tin sulfide film for solar cell materials. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells. 1994;35:325.CrossRef

[2]

Avallaneda D, Delgado G, Nair MTS, Nair PK. Structural and chemical transformations in SnS thin films used in chemically deposited photovoltaic cells. Thin Solid Films. 2007;515(15):5771.CrossRef

[3]

Parenteau Martin, Carlone Cosmo. Influence of temperature and pressure on the electronic transitions in SnS and SnSe semiconductors. Phys Rev B Condens Matter. 1990;41(8):5227.CrossRef

[4]

Akkari A, Guasch C, Kamoun-Turki N. Chemically deposited tin sulphide. J Alloy Compd. 2010;490(1–2):180.CrossRef

[5]

Ray SC, Karanjai MK, Gupta DD. Structure and photoconductive properties of dip-deposited SnS and SnS₂ thin films and their conversion to tin dioxide by annealing in air. Thin Solid Films. 1999;350(1):72.CrossRef

[6]

Wei GP, Zhang ZL, Zhao WM, Gao XH, Chen WQ, Tanamura H, Yamaguchi M, Noguchi H, Nagatomo T, Omoto O, Investigation on SnS film by RF sputtering for photovoltaic application. In: Proceedings of IEEE 1st world conference on photovoltaic energy conversion part 2. Waikoloa, HI, USA; 1994. 365.

[7]

Kumar KDA, Valanarasu S, Tamilnayagam V, Amalraj L. Structural, morphological and optical properties of SnS₂ thin films by nebulized spray pyrolysis technique. J Mater Sci Mater Electron. 2017;28(19):14209.CrossRef

[8]

Lokhande BJ, Patil PS, Uplane MD. Studies on structural, optical and electrical properties of boron doped zinc oxide films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. Phys B. 2001;302:59.CrossRef

[9]

Ge YH, Guo YY, Shi WM, Qiu YH, Wei GP. Influence of In-doping on resistivity of chemical bath deposited SnS films. J Shanghai Univ. 2007;11(4):403.CrossRef

[10]

Stavrinadis A, Smith JM, Cattley CA, Cook AG, Grant PS, Watt AAR. SnS/PbS nanocrystal heterojunction photovoltaics. J Nanotechnol. 2010;21(18):185202.CrossRef

[11]

Zhang S, Chen SY, Jia HJ, Zhou HF. Preparation and characterization of aluminium-doped SnS thin films. Adv Mater Res. 2012;418–420:712.CrossRef

[12]

Jamali-Sheini F, Niknia F, Cheraghizade M, Yousefi R, Mahmoudian MR. Broad spectral response of Se-doped SnS nanorods synthesized through electrodeposition. Chem Electro Chem. 2017;4(6):1478.

[13]

Dussan Cuenca A, Mesa F, Gordillo G. Effect of substitution of Sn for Bi on structural and electrical transport properties of SnS thin films. J Mater Sci. 2001;45(9):2403.CrossRef

[14]

Reghima M, Akkari A, Guasch C, Kamoun NT. Synthesis and characterization of Fe-doped SnS thin films by chemical bath deposition technique for solar cells applications. J Mater Sci. 2012;47(3):1365.CrossRef

[15]

Reghima M, Akkari A, Guasch Cathy, Kamoun NT. Structural, optical, and electrical properties of SnS: Ag thin films. J Electron Mater. 2015;44(11):4392.CrossRef

[16]

Urbaniak A, Pawłowski M, Marzantowicz M, Sall T, Marí B. Opto-electrical characterisation of In-doped SnS thin films for photovoltaic applications. Thin Solid Films. 2017;636:158.CrossRef

[17]

Santhosh Kumar K, Gowri Manohari A, Lou C, Mahalingam T, Dhanapandian S. Influence of Cu dopant on the optical and electrical properties of spray deposited tin sulphide thin films. Vacuum. 2016;128:226.CrossRef

[18]

Sajeesh TH, Jinesh KB, Sudha Kartha C, Vijayakumar KP. Role of pH of precursor solution in taming the material properties of spray pyrolysed SnS thin films. Appl Surf Sci. 2012;258(18):6870.CrossRef

[19]

Ristov M, Sinadinovski G, Mitreski M, Ristova M. Photovoltaic cells based on chemically deposited p-type SnS. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells. 2001;69(1):17.CrossRef

[20]

Kafashan Hosein, Ebrahimi-Kahrizsangi Reza, Jamali-Sheini Farid, Yousefi Ramin. Effect of Al doping on the structural and optical properties of electrodeposited SnS thin films. Phys Status Solidi A. 2016;213(5):1302.CrossRef

[21]

Bommireddy PR, Musalikunta CS, Uppala C, Park SH. Influence of Cu doping on physical properties of sol-gel processed SnS thin films. Mater Sci Semicond Process. 2017;71:139.CrossRef

[22]

Kumar KDA, Valanarasu S, Jeyadheepan K, Kim HS, Vikraman D. Evaluation of the physical, optical, and electrical properties of SnO₂: F thin films prepared by nebulized spray pyrolysis for optoelectronics. J Mater Sci Mater Electron. 2018;29(5):3648.CrossRef

[23]

Bokare A, Sanap A, Pai M, Sabharwal S, Athawale AA. Antibacterial activities of Nd doped and Ag coated TiO₂ nanoparticles under solar light irradiation. Colloids Surf B Bio Interfaces. 2013;102:273.CrossRef

[24]

Wojcieszak D, Mazur M, Kurnatowska M, Kaczmarek D, Domaradzki J, Kepinski L, Chojnacki K. Influence of Nd-doping on photocatalytic properties of TiO₂ nanoparticles and thin film coatings. Int J Photo Energy. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/463034.CrossRef

[25]

Niknia Farhad, Jamali-Sheini Farid, Yousefi Ramin. Photocurrent properties of undoped and Pb-doped SnS nanostructures grown using electrodeposition method. J Electron Mater. 2015;44(12):4734.CrossRef

[26]

Nikolic PM, Miljkovic L, Mihajlovic P, Lavrencic B. Splitting and coupling of lattice modes in the layer compound SnS. J Phys C Solid State Phys. 1977;10(11):289.CrossRef

[27]

Srinivasa Reddy T, Santhosh Kumar MC. Co-evaporated SnS thin films for visible light photodetector applications. RSC Adv. 2016;6(96):95680.CrossRef

[28]

Chandrasekhar HR, Humphreys RG, Zwick U, Cardona M. Infrared and Raman spectra of the IV–VI compounds SnS and SnSe. Phys Rev B. 1977;15(4):2177.CrossRef

[29]

Chandrasekhar HR, Zwick U. Raman scattering and infrared reflectivity in GeSe. Solid State Commun. 1976;18(11–12):1509.CrossRef

[30]

Srinivasa Reddy T, Santhosh Kumar MC. Effect of substrate temperature on the physical properties of co-evaporated Sn₂S₃ thin films. Ceram Int. 2016;42(10):12262.CrossRef

[31]

Mahalingam T, Gowri Manohari A, Dhanapandian S, Santhosh K. Effect of doping concentration on the properties of bismuth doped tin sulfide thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis. Mater Sci Semicond Process. 2014;17:138.CrossRef

[32]

Santhosh Kumar K, Manoharan C, Dhanapandian S, Gowri Manohari A. Effect of Sb dopant on the structural, optical and electrical properties of SnS thin films by spray pyrolysis technique. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2013;115:840.CrossRef

[33]

Selim MS, Gouda ME, El-Shaarawy MG, Salem AM, Abd El-Ghany WA. Effect of thickness on optical properties of thermally evaporated SnS films. Thin Solid Films. 2013;527:164.CrossRef

[34]

Santhosh Kumar K, Gowri Manohari A, Dhanapandian S, Mahalingam T. Physical properties of spray pyrolyzed Ag-doped SnS thin films for opto-electronic applications. Mater Lett. 2014;131:167.CrossRef

[35]

Santhosh Kumar K, Manoharan C, Dhanapandian S, Gowri Manohari A, Mahalingam T. Effect of indium incorporation on properties of SnS thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis. Opt Int J Light Electron Opt. 2014;125(15):3996.CrossRef

[36]

Sohila S, Rajalakshmi M, Chanchal Ghosh AK, Arora C Muthamizhchelvan. Optical and Raman scattering studies on SnS nanoparticles. J Alloys Compd. 2011;509(19):5843.CrossRef

[37]

Sreedevi G, Reddy VRM, Park C, Chan-Wook J, Ramakrishna Reddy KT. Comprehensive optical studies on SnS layers synthesized by chemical bath deposition. Opt Mater. 2015;42:468.CrossRef

[38]

Arulanantham AMS, Valanarasu S, Kathalingam A, Jeyadheepan K. Solution volume effect on structural, optical and photovoltaic properties of nebulizer spray deposited SnS thin films. J Mater Sci Mater Electron. 2018;29(15):12899.CrossRef

[39]

Joseph B, Manoj PK, Vaidyan VK. Studies on the structural, electrical and optical properties of Al-doped ZnO thin films prepared by chemical spray deposition. Ceram Int. 2006;32(5):487.CrossRef

[40]

Ghosh Biswajit, Das Madhumita, Banerjee Pushan, Das Subrata. Fabrication of the SnS/ZnO heterojunction for PV applications using electrodeposited ZnO films. Semicond Sci Technol. 2009;24(2):025024.CrossRef

Title: Enhancement in photovoltaic properties of Nd:SnS films prepared by low-cost NSP method
Authors: S. Sebastian
I. Kulandaisamy
A. M. S. Arulanantham
S. Valanarasu
A. Kathalingam
Mohd. Shkir
Salem AlFaify
Publication date: 20-07-2019
Publisher: Nonferrous Metals Society of China
Published in: Rare Metals / Issue 5/2022
Print ISSN: 1001-0521
Electronic ISSN: 1867-7185
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-019-01295-2

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 5/2022

Regulation of electronic structure of monolayer MoS2 by pressure

A V2O3@N–C cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries with boosted zinc-ion storage performance

Realizing remarkable sodium storage performance of a Sn-based anode material with an oxide-alloy intergrowth structure

Recovery of titanium and vanadium from titanium–vanadium slag obtained by direct reduction of titanomagnetite concentrates

Room-temperature extraction of individual elements from charged spent LiFePO4 batteries

In-situ constructed three-dimensional MoS2–MoN heterostructure as the cathode of lithium–sulfur battery

Premium Partners