Top

Rare Metals

Published in:

22-10-2020 | Review

Recent progress in structural modulation of metal nanomaterials for electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction

Authors: Chen-Huai Yang, Farhat Nosheen, Zhi-Cheng Zhang

Published in: Rare Metals | Issue 6/2021

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The electrochemical CO₂ reduction (ECR) into value-added products presents an appealing approach to mitigate CO₂ emission caused by excess consumption of fossil fuels. To obtain high catalytic activity and selectivity toward target product in ECR, designing and developing a stable and efficient electrocatalyst is of significant importance. To date, metal nanomaterials have been widely applied as electrocatalysts for ECR due to their unique physicochemical properties. The structural modulation of metal nanomaterials is an attractive strategy to improve the catalytic performance. In this review, the recent progress of structural modulation, including size, facet, grain boundary, composition, interface, ligand modification, and crystal phase, is systematically summarized from both theoretical and experimental aspects. Finally, the opportunities and perspectives of structural modulation of metal nanomaterials for ECR are proposed.

Graphic abstract

previous article Plate-like carbon-supported Fe3C nanoparticles with superior electrochemical performance

next article A novel three-step approach to separate cathode components for lithium-ion battery recycling

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

[1]

Chen Y, Fan ZX, Zhang ZC, Niu WX, Li CL, Yang NL, Chen B, Zhang H. Two-dimensional metal nanomaterials: synthesis, properties, and applications. Chem Rev. 2018;118(13):6409.

[2]

Benson EE, Kubiak CP, Sathrum AJ, Smieja JM. Electrocatalytic and homogeneous approaches to conversion of CO₂ to liquid fuels. Chem Soc Rev. 2009;38(1):89.

[3]

Appel AM, Bercaw JE, Bocarsly AB, Dobbek H, DuBois DL, Dupuis M, Ferry JG, Fujita E, Hille R, Kenis PJA, Kerfeld CA, Morris RH, Peden CHF, Portis AR, Ragsdale SW, Rauchfuss TB, Reek JNH, Seefeldt LC, Thauer RK, Waldrop GL. Frontiers, opportunities, and challenges in biochemical and chemical catalysis of CO₂ fixation. Chem Rev. 2013;113(8):6621.

[4]

Costentin C, Robert M, Saveant JM. Catalysis of the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. Chem Soc Rev. 2013;42(6):2423.

[5]

Qiao JL, Liu YY, Hong F, Zhang JJ. A review of catalysts for the electroreduction of carbon dioxide to produce low-carbon fuels. Chem Soc Rev. 2014;43(2):631.

[6]

Zhang ZY, Chi MF, Veith GM, Zhang PF, Lutterman DA, Rosenthal J, Overbury SH, Dai S, Zhu H. Rational design of Bi nanoparticles for efficient electrochemical CO₂ reduction: the elucidation of size and surface condition effects. ACS Catal. 2016;6(9):6255.

[7]

Zhu DD, Liu JL, Qiao SZ. Recent advances in inorganic heterogeneous electrocatalysts for reduction of carbon dioxide. Adv Mater. 2016;28(18):3423.

[8]

Jin HY, Guo CX, Liu X, Liu JL, Vasileff A, Jiao Y, Zheng Y, Qiao SZ. Emerging two-dimensional nanomaterials for electrocatalysis. Chem Rev. 2018;118(13):6337.

[9]

Raciti D, Wang C. Recent advances in CO₂ reduction electrocatalysis on copper. ACS Energy Lett. 2018;3(7):1545.

[10]

Tian ZQ, Priest C, Chen L. Recent progress in the theoretical investigation of electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂. Adv Theory Simul. 2018;1(5):1800004.

[11]

Zheng TT, Jiang K, Wang HT. Recent advances in electrochemical CO₂-to-CO conversion on heterogeneous catalysts. Adv Mater. 2018;30(48):1802066.

[12]

Zhong JW, Yang XF, Wu ZL, Liang BL, Huang YQ, Zhang T. State of the art and perspectives in heterogeneous catalysis of CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol. Chem Soc Rev. 2020;49(5):1385.

[13]

Jiang X, Nie XW, Guo XW, Song CS, Chen JGG. Recent advances in carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol via heterogeneous catalysis. Chem Rev. 2020;120(15):7984.

[14]

Chen GZ, Chen KJ, Fu JW, Liu M. Tracking dynamic evolution of catalytic active sites in photocatalytic CO₂ reduction by in situ time-resolved spectroscopy. Rare Met. 2020;39(6):607.

[15]

Nitopi S, Bertheussen E, Scott SB, Liu XY, Engstfeld AK, Horch S, Seger B, Stephens IEL, Chan K, Hahn C, Nørskov JK, Jaramillo TF, Chorkendorff I. Progress and perspectives of electrochemical CO₂ reduction on copper in aqueous electrolyte. Chem Rev. 2019;119(12):7610.

[16]

Xia ZH, Guo SJ. Strain engineering of metal-based nanomaterials for energy electrocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev. 2019;48(12):3265.

[17]

Seh ZW, Kibsgaard J, Dickens CF, Chorkendorff IB, Nørskov JK, Jaramillo TF. Combining theory and experiment in electrocatalysis: insights into materials design. Science. 2017;355(6321):eaad4998.

[18]

Yang YL, Tang Y, Jiang HM, Chen YM, Wan PY, Fan MH, Zhang RR, Ullah S, Pan L, Zou JJ, Lao MM, Sun WP, Yang C, Zheng GF, Peng QL, Wang T, Luo YL, Sun XP, Konev AS, Levin OV, Lianos P, Hu ZF, Shen ZR, Zhao QL, Wang Y, Todorova N, Trapalis C, Sheridan MV, Wang HP, Zhang L, Sun SM, Wang WZ, Ma JM. 2020 roadmap on gas-involved photo- and electro—catalysis. Chin Chem Lett. 2019;30(12):2089.

[19]

Zhang N, Long R, Gao C, Xiong YJ. Recent progress on advanced design for photoelectrochemical reduction of CO₂ to fuels. Sci China Mater. 2018;61(6):771.

[20]

Zhang L, Zhao ZJ, Gong JL. Nanostructured materials for heterogeneous electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction and their related reaction mechanisms. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2017;56(38):11326.

[21]

Wang YH, Liu JL, Wang YF, Al-Enizi AM, Zheng GF. Tuning of CO₂ reduction selectivity on metal electrocatalysts. Small. 2017;13(43):1701809.

[22]

Nam DH, De Luna P, Rosas-Hernández A, Thevenon A, Li FW, Agapie T, Peters JC, Shekhah O, Eddaoudi M, Sargent EH. Molecular enhancement of heterogeneous CO₂ reduction. Nat Mater. 2020;19(3):266.

[23]

Long C, Li X, Guo J, Shi YN, Liu SQ, Tang ZY. Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ over heterogeneous catalysts in aqueous solution: recent progress and perspectives. Small Methods. 2019;3(3):1800369.

[24]

Li FW, MacFarlane DR, Zhang J. Recent advances in the nanoengineering of electrocatalysts for CO₂ reduction. Nanoscale. 2018;10(14):6235.

[25]

Fan L, Xia C, Yang FQ, Wang J, Wang HT, Lu YY. Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO₂ reduction toward C₂₊ products. Sci Adv. 2020;6(8):eaay3111.

[26]

Gao DF, Cai F, Wang GX, Bao XH. Nanostructured heterogeneous catalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO₂. Curr Opin Green Sustain Chem. 2017;3:39.

[27]

Gao DF, Arán-Ais RM, Jeon HS, Roldan CB. Rational catalyst and electrolyte design for CO₂ electroreduction towards multicarbon products. Nat Catal. 2019;2(3):198.

[28]

Han N, Wang Y, Yang H, Deng J, Wu JH, Li YF, Li YG. Ultrathin bismuth nanosheets from in situ topotactic transformation for selective electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to formate. Nat Commun. 2018;9:1320.

[29]

Aran-Ais RM, Gao DF, Roldan CB. Structure—and electrolyte-sensitivity in CO₂ electroreduction. Acc Chem Res. 2018;51(11):2906.

[30]

Kim C, Dionigi F, Beermann V, Wang XL, Moller T, Strasser P. Alloy nanocatalysts for the electrochemical oxygen reduction (ORR) and the direct electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR). Adv Mater. 2019;31(31):1806517.

[31]

Ross MB, De Luna P, Li YF, Dinh CT, Kim D, Yang P, Sargent EH. Designing materials for electrochemical carbon dioxide recycling. Nat Catal. 2019;2(8):648.

[32]

Xie H, Wang TY, Liang JS, Li Q, Sun SH. Cu-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO₂. Nano Today. 2018;21:41.

[33]

Li H, Chen C, Yan DF, Wang YY, Chen R, Zou YQ, Wang SY. Interfacial effects in supported catalysts for electrocatalysis. J Mater Chem A. 2019;7(41):23432.

[34]

Han N, Ding P, He L, Li YY, Li YG. Promises of main group metal–based nanostructured materials for electrochemical CO₂ reduction to formate. Adv Energy Mater. 2019;10(11):1902338.

[35]

Chen ZS, Zhang GX, Prakash J, Zheng Y, Sun SH. Rational design of novel catalysts with atomic layer deposition for the reduction of carbon dioxide. Adv Energy Mater. 2019;9(37):1900889.

[36]

Birdja YY, Pérez-Gallent E, Figueiredo MC, Göttle AJ, Calle-Vallejo F, Koper MTM. Advances and challenges in understanding the electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to fuels. Nat Energy. 2019;4(9):732.

[37]

Zhang ZC, Xu B, Wang X. Engineering nanointerfaces for nanocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev. 2014;43(22):7870.

[38]

Nosheen F, Wasfi N, Aslam S, Anwar T, Hussain S, Hussain N, Shah SN, Shaheen N, Ashraf A, Zhu YT, Wang HQ, Ma JM, Zhang ZC, Hu WP. Ultrathin Pd-based nanosheets: syntheses, properties and applications. Nanoscale. 2020;12(7):4219.

[39]

Yang CH, Li SY, Zhang ZC, Wang HQ, Liu HL, Jiao F, Guo ZG, Zhang XT, Hu WP. Organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials for electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Small. 2020;16(29):2001827.

[40]

Nursanto EB, Jeon HS, Kim C, Jee MS, Koh JH, Hwang YJ, Min BK. Gold catalyst reactivity for CO₂ electro-reduction: from nano particle to layer. Catal Today. 2016;260:107.

[41]

Ma M, Djanashvili K, Smith WA. Controllable hydrocarbon formation from the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ over Cu nanowire arrays. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2016;55(23):6680.

[42]

Loiudice A, Lobaccaro P, Kamali EA, Thao T, Huang BH, Ager JW, Buonsanti R. Tailoring copper nanocrystals towards C₂ products in electrochemical CO₂ reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2016;55(19):5789.

[43]

Reske R, Mistry H, Behafarid F, Roldan Cuenya B, Strasser P. Particle size effects in the catalytic electroreduction of CO₂ on Cu nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc. 2014;136(19):6978.

[44]

Zhu WL, Michalsky R, Metin O, Lv HF, Guo SJ, Wright C, Sun XL, Peterson AA, Sun SH. Monodisperse Au nanoparticles for selective electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to CO. J Am Chem Soc. 2013;135(45):16833.

[45]

Mistry H, Reske R, Zeng ZH, Zhao ZJ, Greeley J, Strasser P, Roldan CB. Exceptional size-dependent activity enhancement in the electroreduction of CO₂ over Au nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc. 2014;136(47):16473.

[46]

Salehi-Khojin A, Jhong HRM, Rosen BA, Zhu W, Ma SC, Kenis PJA, Masel RI. Nanoparticle silver catalysts that show enhanced activity for carbon dioxide electrolysis. J Phys Chem C. 2013;117(4):1627.

[47]

Kim C, Jeon HS, Eom T, Jee MS, Kim H, Friend CM, Min BK, Hwang YJ. Achieving selective and efficient electrocatalytic activity for CO₂ reduction using immobilized silver nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc. 2015;137(43):13844.

[48]

Gao DF, Zhou H, Wang J, Miao S, Yang F, Wang GX, Wang JG, Bao XH. Size-dependent electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ over Pd nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc. 2015;137(13):4288.

[49]

Manthiram K, Beberwyck BJ, Alivisatos AP. Enhanced electrochemical methanation of carbon dioxide with a dispersible nanoscale copper catalyst. J Am Chem Soc. 2014;136(38):13319.

[50]

Kim D, Kley CS, Li YF, Yang PD. Copper nanoparticle ensembles for selective electroreduction of CO₂ to C₂–C₃ products. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017;114(40):10560.

[51]

Del Castillo A, Alvarez-Guerra M, Solla-Gullón J, Sáez A, Montiel V, Irabien A. Electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to formate using particulate Sn electrodes: effect of metal loading and particle size. Appl Energy. 2015;157:165.

[52]

Mistry H, Behafarid F, Reske R, Varela AS, Strasser P, Roldan CB. Tuning catalytic selectivity at the mesoscale via interparticle interactions. ACS Catal. 2016;6(2):1075.

[53]

Liu HL, Zhu YT, Ma JM, Zhang ZC, Hu WP. Recent advances in atomic-level engineering of nanostructured catalysts for electrochemical CO₂ reduction. Adv Funct Mater. 2020;30(17):1910534.

[54]

Qiao BT, Wang AQ, Yang XF, Allard LF, Jiang Z, Cui YT, Liu JY, Li J, Zhang T. Single-atom catalysis of CO oxidation using Pt-1/FeO_x. Nat Chem. 2011;3(8):634.

[55]

Jiao L, Jiang HL. Metal-organic-framework-based single-atom catalysts for energy applications. Chem. 2019;5(4):786.

[56]

Cheng Y, Yang SZ, Jiang SP, Wang SY. Supported single atoms as new class of catalysts for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. Small Methods. 2019;3(9):1800440.

[57]

Yan CC, Li HB, Ye YF, Wu HH, Cai F, Si R, Xiao JP, Miao S, Xie SH, Yang F, Li YS, Wang GX, Bao XH. Coordinatively unsaturated nickel–nitrogen sites towards selective and high-rate CO₂ electroreduction. Energy Environ Sci. 2018;11(5):1204.

[58]

Jiao Y, Zheng Y, Chen P, Jaroniec M, Qiao SZ. Molecular scaffolding strategy with synergistic active centers to facilitate electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to hydrocarbon/alcohol. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(49):18093.

[59]

Vickers JW, Alfonso D, Kauffman DR. Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction at nanostructured gold, copper, and alloy materials. Energy Technol. 2017;5(6):775.

[60]

Reske R, Duca M, Oezaslan M, Schouten KJP, Koper MTM, Strasser P. Controlling catalytic selectivities during CO₂ electroreduction on thin Cu metal overlayers. J Phys Chem Lett. 2013;4(15):2410.

[61]

Tang W, Peterson AA, Varela AS, Jovanov ZP, Bech L, Durand WJ, Dahl S, Nørskov JK, Chorkendorff I. The importance of surface morphology in controlling the selectivity of polycrystalline copper for CO₂ electroreduction. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2012;14(1):76.

[62]

Yang DR, Liu L, Zhang Q, Shi Y, Zhou Y, Liu CG, Wang FB, Xia XH. Importance of Au nanostructures in CO₂ electrochemical reduction reaction. Sci Bull. 2020;65(10):796.

[63]

Schouten KJP, Qin ZS, Gallent EP, Koper MTM. Two pathways for the formation of ethylene in CO reduction on single-crystal copper electrodes. J Am Chem Soc. 2012;134(24):9864.

[64]

Luo WJ, Nie XW, Janik MJ, Asthagiri A. Facet dependence of CO₂ reduction paths on Cu electrodes. ACS Catal. 2015;6(1):219.

[65]

Huang Y, Handoko AD, Hirunsit P, Yeo BS. Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ using copper single-crystal surfaces: effects of CO* coverage on the selective formation of ethylene. ACS Catal. 2017;7(3):1749.

[66]

Roberts FS, Kuhl KP, Nilsson A. High selectivity for ethylene from carbon dioxide reduction over copper nanocube electrocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2015;54(17):5179.

[67]

Hori Y, Takahashi I, Koga O, Hoshi N. Selective formation of C₂ compounds from electrochemical reduction of CO₂ at a series of copper single crystal electrodes. J Phys Chem B. 2002;106(1):15.

[68]

Wang ZN, Yang G, Zhang ZR, Jin MS, Yin YD. Selectivity on etching: creation of high-energy facets on copper nanocrystals for CO₂ electrochemical reduction. ACS Nano. 2016;10(4):4559.

[69]

Montoya JH, Shi C, Chan K, Nørskov JK. Theoretical insights into a CO dimerization mechanism in CO₂ electroreduction. J Phys Chem Lett. 2015;6(11):2032.

[70]

Calle-Vallejo F, Koper MTM. Theoretical considerations on the electroreduction of CO to C₂ species on Cu(100) electrodes. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2013;52(28):7282.

[71]

Nie XW, Luo WJ, Janik MJ, Asthagiri A. Reaction mechanisms of CO₂ electrochemical reduction on Cu(111) determined with density functional theory. J Catal. 2014;312:108.

[72]

Durand WJ, Peterson AA, Studt F, Abild-Pedersen F, Nørskov JK. Structure effects on the energetics of the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ by copper surfaces. Surf Sci. 2011;605(15–16):1354.

[73]

Ledezma-Yanez I, Gallent EP, Koper MTM, Calle-Vallejo F. Structure-sensitive electroreduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol on copper and its mechanistic implications for CO and CO₂ reduction. Catal Today. 2016;262:90.

[74]

Varela AS, Kroschel M, Reier T, Strasser P. Controlling the selectivity of CO₂ electroreduction on copper: the effect of the electrolyte concentration and the importance of the local pH. Catal Today. 2016;260:8.

[75]

Ren D, Deng YL, Handoko AD, Chen CS, Malkhandi S, Yeo BS. Selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to ethylene and ethanol on copper(I) oxide catalysts. ACS Catal. 2015;5(5):2814.

[76]

Li CW, Ciston J, Kanan MW. Electroreduction of carbon monoxide to liquid fuel on oxide-derived nanocrystalline copper. Nature. 2014;508(7497):504.

[77]

Chen CS, Handoko AD, Wan JH, Ma L, Ren D, Yeo BS. Stable and selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to ethylene on copper mesocrystals. Catal Sci Technol. 2015;5(1):161.

[78]

Gao DF, Zegkinoglou I, Divins NJ, Scholten F, Sinev I, Grosse P, Roldan CB. Plasma-activated copper nanocube catalysts for efficient carbon dioxide electroreduction to hydrocarbons and alcohols. ACS Nano. 2017;11(5):4825.

[79]

De Gregorio GL, Burdyny T, Loiudice A, Iyengar P, Smith WA, Buonsanti R. Facet-dependent selectivity of Cu catalysts in electrochemical CO₂ reduction at commercially viable current densities. ACS Catal. 2020;10(9):4854.

[80]

Wang YH, Wang ZY, Dinh CT, Li J, Ozden A, Kibria MG, Seifitokaldani A, Tan CS, Gabardo CM, Luo MC, Zhou H, Li FW, Lum Y, McCallum C, Xu Y, Liu MX, Proppe A, Johnston A, Todorovic P, Zhuang TT, Sinton D, Kelley SO, Sargent EH. Catalyst synthesis under CO₂ electroreduction favours faceting and promotes renewable fuels electrosynthesis. Nat Catal. 2019;3(2):98.

[81]

Sen S, Liu D, Palmore GTR. Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ at copper nanofoams. ACS Catal. 2014;4(9):3091.

[82]

Hahn C, Hatsukade T, Kim YG, Vailionis A, Baricuatro JH, Higgins DC, Nitopi SA, Soriaga MP, Jaramillo TF. Engineering Cu surfaces for the electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂: controlling selectivity toward oxygenates and hydrocarbons. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017;114(23):5918.

[83]

Hoshi N, Kato M, Hori Y. Electrochemical reduction of CO, on single crystal electrodes of silver Ag{111}, Ag{100} and Ag{110}. J Electroanal Chem. 1997;440:283.

[84]

Liu SB, Tao HB, Zeng L, Liu Q, Xu ZG, Liu QX, Luo JL. Shape-dependent electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to CO on triangular silver nanoplates. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(6):2160.

[85]

Zhang QF, Wang H. Facet-dependent catalytic activities of Au nanoparticles enclosed by high-index facets. ACS Catal. 2014;4(11):4027.

[86]

Liu M, Pang YJ, Zhang B, De Luna P, Voznyy O, Xu JX, Zheng XL, Dinh CT, Fan FJ, Cao CH, de Arquer FPG, Safaei TS, Mepham A, Klinkova A, Kumacheva E, Filleter T, Sinton D, Kelley SO, Sargent EH. Enhanced electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction via field-induced reagent concentration. Nature. 2016;537(7620):382.

[87]

Lee HE, Yang KD, Yoon SM, Ahn HY, Lee YY, Chang HJ, Jeong DH, Lee YS, Kim MY, Nam KT. Concave rhombic dodecahedral Au nanocatalyst with multiple high-index facets for CO₂ reduction. ACS Nano. 2015;9(8):8384.

[88]

Zhu WL, Zhang YJ, Zhang HY, Lv HF, Li Q, Michalsky R, Peterson AA, Sun SH. Active and selective conversion of CO₂ to CO on ultrathin Au nanowires. J Am Chem Soc. 2014;136(46):16132.

[89]

Li L, Ma DK, Qi FXY, Chen W, Huang SM. Bi nanoparticles/Bi₂O₃ nanosheets with abundant grain boundaries for efficient electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Electrochim Acta. 2019;298:580.

[90]

Lu K. Stabilizing nanostructures in metals using grain and twin boundary architectures. Nat Rev Mater. 2016;1(5):16019.

[91]

Feng XF, Jiang KL, Fan SS, Kanan MW. Grain-boundary-dependent CO₂ electroreduction activity. J Am Chem Soc. 2015;137(14):4606.

[92]

Mariano RG, McKelvey K, White HS, Kanan MW. Selective increase in CO₂ electroreduction activity at grain-boundary surface terminations. Science. 2017;358(6367):1187.

[93]

Kim KS, Kim WJ, Lim HK, Lee EK, Kim H. Tuned chemical bonding ability of Au at grain boundaries for enhanced electrochemical CO₂ reduction. ACS Catal. 2016;6(7):4443.

[94]

Dong CK, Fu JY, Liu H, Ling T, Yang J, Qiao SZ, Du XW. Tuning the selectivity and activity of Au catalysts for carbon dioxide electroreduction via grain boundary engineering: a DFT study. J Mater Chem A. 2017;5(15):7184.

[95]

Verdaguer-Casadevall A, Li CW, Johansson TP, Scott SB, McKeown JT, Kumar M, Stephens IEL, Kanan MW, Chorkendorff I. Probing the active surface sites for CO reduction on oxide-derived copper electrocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc. 2015;137(31):9808.

[96]

Raciti D, Livi KJ, Wang C. Highly dense Cu nanowires for low-overpotential CO₂ reduction. Nano Lett. 2015;15(10):6829.

[97]

Li CW, Kanan MW. CO₂ reduction at low overpotential on Cu electrodes resulting from the reduction of thick Cu₂O films. J Am Chem Soc. 2012;134(17):7231.

[98]

Feng XF, Jiang KL, Fan SS, Kanan MW. A direct grain-boundary-activity correlation for CO electroreduction on Cu nanoparticles. ACS Cent Sci. 2016;2(3):169.

[99]

Mi YY, Shen SB, Peng XY, Bao HH, Liu XJ, Luo J. Selective electroreduction of CO₂ to C₂ products over Cu₃N-derived Cu nanowires. ChemElectroChem. 2019;6(9):2393.

[100]

Chen CJ, Sun XF, Yan XP, Wu YH, Liu MY, Liu SS, Zhao ZJ, Han BX. A strategy to control the grain boundary density and Cu⁺/Cu⁰ ratio of Cu-based catalysts for efficient electroreduction of CO₂ to C₂ products. Green Chem. 2020;22(5):1572.

[101]

Chen ZQ, Wang T, Liu B, Cheng DF, Hu CL, Zhang G, Zhu WJ, Wang HY, Zhao ZJ, Gong JL. Grain-boundary-rich copper for efficient solar-driven electrochemical CO₂ reduction to ethylene and ethanol. J Am Chem Soc. 2020;142(15):6878.

[102]

Torelli DA, Francis SA, Crompton JC, Javier A, Thompson JR, Brunschwig BS, Soriaga MP, Lewis NS. Nickel–gallium-catalyzed electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to highly reduced products at low overpotentials. ACS Catal. 2016;6(3):2100.

[103]

Hahn C, Abram DN, Hansen HA, Hatsukade T, Jackson A, Johnson NC, Hellstern TR, Kuhl KP, Cave ER, Feaster JT, Jaramillo TF. Synthesis of thin film AuPd alloys and their investigation for electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. J Mater Chem A. 2015;3(40):20185.

[104]

Bai XF, Chen W, Zhao CC, Li SG, Song YF, Ge RP, Wei W, Sun YH. Exclusive formation of formic acid from CO₂ electroreduction by a tunable Pd–Sn alloy. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2017;56(40):12219.

[105]

Rasul S, Anjum DH, Jedidi A, Minenkov Y, Cavallo L, Takanabe K. A highly selective copper-indium bimetallic electrocatalyst for the electrochemical reduction of aqueous CO₂ to CO. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2015;54(7):2146.

[106]

Xu ZC, Lai EC, Shao-Horn Y, Hamad-Schifferli K. Compositional dependence of the stability of AuCu alloy nanoparticles. Chem Commun. 2012;48(45):5626.

[107]

Hirunsit P. Electroreduction of carbon dioxide to methane on copper, copper–silver, and copper–gold catalysts: a DFT study. J Phys Chem C. 2013;117(16):8262.

[108]

He R, Wang YC, Wang XY, Wang ZT, Liu G, Zhou W, Wen LP, Li QX, Wang XP, Chen XY, Zeng J, Hou JG. Facile synthesis of pentacle gold-copper alloy nanocrystals and their plasmonic and catalytic properties. Nat Commun. 2014;5:4327.

[109]

Jia FL, Yu XX, Zhang LZ. Enhanced selectivity for the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to alcohols in aqueous solution with nanostructured Cu–Au alloy as catalyst. J Power Sources. 2014;252:85.

[110]

Zhao WG, Yang LN, Yin YD, Jin MS. Thermodynamic controlled synthesis of intermetallic Au₃Cu alloy nanocrystals from Cu microparticles. J Mater Chem A. 2014;2(4):902.

[111]

Hirunsit P, Soodsawang W, Limtrakul J. CO₂ electrochemical reduction to methane and methanol on copper-based alloys: theoretical insight. J Phys Chem C. 2015;119(15):8238.

[112]

Mistry H, Reske R, Strasser P, Roldan CB. Size-dependent reactivity of gold-copper bimetallic nanoparticles during CO₂ electroreduction. Catal Today. 2017;288:30.

[113]

Ross MB, Dinh CT, Li Y, Kim D, De Luna P, Sargent EH, Yang PD. Tunable Cu enrichment enables designer syngas electrosynthesis from CO₂. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(27):9359.

[114]

Liu K, Ma M, Wu LF, Valenti M, Cardenas-Morcoso D, Hofmann JP, Bisquert J, Gimenez S, Smith WA. Electronic effects determine the selectivity of planar Au–Cu bimetallic thin films for electrochemical CO₂ reduction. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11(18):16546.

[115]

Kim D, Resasco J, Yu Y, Asiri AM, Yang PD. Synergistic geometric and electronic effects for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide using gold-copper bimetallic nanoparticles. Nat Commun. 2014;5:4948.

[116]

Kim D, Xie CL, Becknell N, Yu Y, Karamad M, Chan K, Crumlin EJ, Nørskov JK, Yang P. Electrochemical activation of CO₂ through atomic ordering transformations of AuCu nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(24):8329.

[117]

Ma S, Sadakiyo M, Heima M, Luo R, Haasch RT, Gold JI, Yamauchi M, Kenis PJ. Electroreduction of carbon dioxide to hydrocarbons using bimetallic Cu–Pd catalysts with different mixing patterns. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(1):47.

[118]

Yang Y, Luo MC, Zhang WY, Sun YJ, Chen X, Guo SJ. Metal surface and interface energy electrocatalysis: fundamentals, performance engineering, and opportunities. Chem. 2018;4(9):2054.

[119]

Wang YF, Han P, Lv XM, Zhang LJ, Zheng GF. Defect and interface engineering for aqueous electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Joule. 2018;2(12):2551.

[120]

Vasileff A, Xu CC, Jiao Y, Zheng Y, Qiao SZ. Surface and interface engineering in copper-based bimetallic materials for selective CO₂ electroreduction. Chem. 2018;4(8):1809.

[121]

Shao Q, Wang PT, Huang XQ. Opportunities and challenges of interface engineering in bimetallic nanostructure for enhanced electrocatalysis. Adv Funct Mater. 2019;29(3):1806419.

[122]

Kattel S, Liu P, Chen JGG. Tuning selectivity of CO₂ hydrogenation reactions at the metal/oxide interface. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(29):9739.

[123]

Ge RY, Huo JJ, Sun MJ, Zhu MY, Li Y, Chou SL, Li WX. Surface and interface engineering: molybdenum carbide-based nanomaterials for electrochemical energy conversion. Small. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201903380.CrossRef

[124]

Wang HX, Tzeng YK, Ji YF, Li YB, Li J, Zheng XL, Yang AK, Liu YY, Gong YJ, Cai LL, Li YZ, Zhang XK, Chen W, Liu BF, Lu HY, Melosh NA, Shen ZX, Chan KR, Tan TW, Chu S, Cui Y. Synergistic enhancement of electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to C₂ oxygenates at nitrogen-doped nanodiamonds/Cu interface. Nat Nanotechnol. 2020;15(2):131.

[125]

Tan DX, Cui CN, Shi JB, Luo ZX, Zhang BX, Tan XN, Han BX, Zheng LR, Zhang J, Zhang JL. Nitrogen-carbon layer coated nickel nanoparticles for efficient electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide. Nano Res. 2019;12(5):1167.

[126]

Kitchin JR, Nørskov JK, Barteau MA, Chen JG. Role of strain and ligand effects in the modification of the electronic and chemical properties of bimetallic surfaces. Phys Rev Lett. 2004;93(15):156801.

[127]

Plana D, Florez-Montano J, Celorrio V, Pastor E, Fermin DJ. Tuning CO₂ electroreduction efficiency at Pd shells on Au nanocores. Chem Commun. 2013;49(93):10962.

[128]

Sarfraz S, Garcia-Esparza AT, Jedidi A, Cavallo L, Takanabe K. Cu–Sn bimetallic catalyst for selective aqueous electroreduction of CO₂ to CO. ACS Catal. 2016;6(5):2842.

[129]

Zhao Y, Wang CY, Wallace GG. Tin nanoparticles decorated copper oxide nanowires for selective electrochemical reduction of aqueous CO₂ to CO. J Mater Chem A. 2016;4(27):10710.

[130]

Maark TA, Nanda BRK. Enhancing CO₂ electroreduction by tailoring strain and ligand effects in bimetallic copper–rhodium and copper–nickel heterostructures. J Phys Chem C. 2017;121(8):4496.

[131]

Varela AS, Schlaup C, Jovanov ZP, Malacrida P, Horch S, Stephens IEL, Chorkendorff I. CO₂ electroreduction on well-defined bimetallic surfaces: Cu overlayers on Pt(111) and Pt(211). J Phys Chem C. 2013;117(40):20500.

[132]

Low QH, Loo NWX, Calle-Vallejo F, Yeo BS. Enhanced electroreduction of carbon dioxide to methanol using zinc dendrites pulse-deposited on silver foam. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2019;58(8):2256.

[133]

Strasser P, Koh S, Anniyev T, Greeley J, More K, Yu CF, Liu ZC, Kaya S, Nordlund D, Ogasawara H, Toney MF, Nilsson A. Lattice-strain control of the activity in dealloyed core-shell fuel cell catalysts. Nat Chem. 2010;2(6):454.

[134]

Lysgaard S, Myrdal JSG, Hansen HA, Vegge T. A DFT-based genetic algorithm search for AuCu nanoalloy electrocatalysts for CO₂ reduction. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2015;17(42):28270.

[135]

Li Q, Fu JJ, Zhu WL, Chen ZZ, Shen B, Wu LH, Xi Z, Wang TY, Lu G, Zhu JJ, Sun S. Tuning Sn-catalysis for electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to CO via the core/shell Cu/SnO₂ structure. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(12):4290.

[136]

Zhu SQ, Qin XP, Wang Q, Li TH, Tao R, Gu M, Shao MH. Composition-dependent CO₂ electrochemical reduction activity and selectivity on Au–Pd core–shell nanoparticles. J Mater Chem A. 2019;7(28):16954.

[137]

Ma XM, Shen YL, Yao S, An CH, Zhang WQ, Zhu JF, Si R, Guo CX, An CH. Core–shell nanoporous AuCu₃@Au monolithic electrode for efficient electrochemical CO₂ reduction. J Mater Chem A. 2020;8(6):3344.

[138]

Monzó J, Malewski Y, Kortlever R, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Koper MTM, Rodriguez P. Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of Au@Cu core@shell nanoparticles towards CO₂ reduction. J Mater Chem A. 2015;3(47):23690.

[139]

Sun K, Cheng T, Wu LN, Hu YF, Zhou JG, Maclennan A, Jiang ZH, Gao YZ, Goddard WA, Wang ZJ. Ultrahigh mass activity for carbon dioxide reduction enabled by gold-iron core-shell nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(44):15608.

[140]

Chen YH, Kanan MW. Tin oxide dependence of the CO₂ reduction efficiency on tin electrodes and enhanced activity for tin/tin oxide thin-film catalysts. J Am Chem Soc. 2012;134(4):1986.

[141]

Gao S, Lin Y, Jiao XC, Sun YF, Luo QQ, Zhang WH, Li DQ, Yang JL, Xie Y. Partially oxidized atomic cobalt layers for carbon dioxide electroreduction to liquid fuel. Nature. 2016;529(7584):68.

[142]

Kattel S, Ramirez PJ, Chen JG, Rodriguez JA, Liu P. Active sites for CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol on Cu/ZnO catalysts. Science. 2017;355(6331):1296.

[143]

Matsubu JC, Zhang SY, DeRita L, Marinkovic NS, Chen JGG, Graham GW, Pan XQ, Christopher P. Adsorbate-mediated strong metal-support interactions in oxide-supported Rh catalysts. Nat Chem. 2017;9(2):120.

[144]

Gao DF, Zhang Y, Zhou ZW, Cai F, Zhao XF, Huang WG, Li YS, Zhu JF, Liu P, Yang F, Wang GX, Bao XH. Enhancing CO₂ electroreduction with the metal-oxide interface. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(16):5652.

[145]

Zhang WY, Qin Q, Dai L, Qin RX, Zhao XJ, Chen XM, Ou DH, Chen J, Chuong TT, Wu BH, Zheng NF. Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to methanol on hierarchical Pd/SnO₂ nanosheets with abundant Pd-O-Sn interfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2018;57(30):9475.

[146]

Luc W, Collins C, Wang SW, Xin HL, He K, Kang YJ, Jiao F. Ag-Sn bimetallic catalyst with a core-shell structure for CO₂ reduction. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(5):1885.

[147]

Gangeri M, Perathoner S, Caudo S, Centi G, Amadou J, Bégin D, Pham-Huu C, Ledoux MJ, Tessonnier JP, Su D, Schlogi R. Fe and Pt carbon nanotubes for the electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygenates. Catal Today. 2009;143(1–2):57.

[148]

Hayden BE. Particle size and support effects in electrocatalysis. Acc Chem Res. 2013;46(8):1858.

[149]

Xiao JP, Frauenheim T. Theoretical insights into CO₂ activation and reduction on the Ag(111) monolayer supported on a ZnO(0001) substrate. J Phys Chem C. 2013;117(4):1804.

[150]

Min XQ, Kanan MW. Pd-catalyzed electrohydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formate: high mass activity at low overpotential and identification of the deactivation pathway. J Am Chem Soc. 2015;137(14):4701.

[151]

Larrazábal GO, Martín AJ, Mitchell S, Hauert R, Pérez-Ramírez J. Synergistic effects in silver–indium electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction. J Catal. 2016;343:266.

[152]

Larrazábal GO, Martín AJ, Mitchell S, Hauert R, Pérez-Ramírez J. Enhanced reduction of CO₂ to CO over Cu–In electrocatalysts: catalyst evolution is the key. ACS Catal. 2016;6(9):6265.

[153]

Baturina O, Lu Q, Xu F, Purdy A, Dyatkin B, Sang X, Unocic R, Brintlinger T, Gogotsi Y. Effect of nanostructured carbon support on copper electrocatalytic activity toward CO₂ electroreduction to hydrocarbon fuels. Catal Today. 2017;288:2.

[154]

Cai F, Gao DF, Si R, Ye YF, He T, Miao S, Wang GX, Bao XH. Effect of metal deposition sequence in carbon-supported Pd–Pt catalysts on activity towards CO₂ electroreduction to formate. Electrochem Commun. 2017;76:1.

[155]

Larrazabal GO, Martin AJ, Perez-Ramirez J. Building blocks for high performance in electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction: materials, optimization strategies, and device engineering. J Phys Chem Lett. 2017;8(16):3933.

[156]

Grosse P, Gao DF, Scholten F, Sinev I, Mistry H, Roldan CB. Dynamic changes in the structure, chemical state and catalytic selectivity of Cu nanocubes during CO₂ electroreduction: size and support effects. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2018;57(21):6192.

[157]

Huo YJ, Peng XY, Liu XJ, Li HY, Luo J. High selectivity toward C₂H₄ production over Cu particles supported by butterfly-wing-derived carbon frameworks. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10(15):12618.

[158]

Jin L, Liu B, Wang P, Yao HQ, Achola LA, Kerns P, Lopes A, Yang Y, Ho JS, Moewes A, Pei Y, He J. Ultrasmall Au nanocatalysts supported on nitrided carbon for electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction: the role of the carbon support in high selectivity. Nanoscale. 2018;10(30):14678.

[159]

Melchionna M, Bracamonte MV, Giuliani A, Nasi L, Montini T, Tavagnacco C, Bonchio M, Fornasiero P, Prato M. Pd@TiO₂/carbon nanohorn electrocatalysts: reversible CO₂ hydrogenation to formic acid. Energy Environ Sci. 2018;11(6):1571.

[160]

Miola M, Hu XM, Brandiele R, Bjerglund ET, Grønseth DK, Durante C, Pedersen SU, Lock N, Skrydstrup T, Daasbjerg K. Ligand-free gold nanoparticles supported on mesoporous carbon as electrocatalysts for CO₂ reduction. J CO₂ Util. 2018;28:50.

[161]

Zhang Y, Hu L, Han W. Insights into in situ one-step synthesis of carbon-supported nano-particulate gold-based catalysts for efficient electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. J Mater Chem A. 2018;6(46):23610.

[162]

Daiyan R, Lu X, Tan X, Zhu X, Chen R, Smith SC, Amal R. Antipoisoning nickel–carbon electrocatalyst for practical electrochemical CO₂ reduction to CO. ACS Appl Energy Materials. 2019;2(11):8002.

[163]

Mavrokefalos CK, Kaeffer N, Liu HJ, Krumeich F, Copéret C. Small and narrowly distributed copper nanoparticles supported on carbon prepared by surface organometallic chemistry for selective hydrogenation and CO₂ electroconversion processes. ChemCatChem. 2019;12(1):305.

[164]

Wu SY, Chen HT. CO₂ electrochemical reduction catalyzed by graphene supported palladium cluster: a computational guideline. ACS Appl Energy Mater. 2019;2(2):1544.

[165]

Choukroun D, Daems N, Kenis T, Van Everbroeck T, Hereijgers J, Altantzis T, Bals S, Cool P, Breugelmans T. Bifunctional nickel–nitrogen-doped-carbon-supported copper electrocatalyst for CO₂ reduction. J Phys Chem C. 2020;124(2):1369.

[166]

Daiyan R, Chen R, Kumar P, Bedford NM, Qu JT, Cairney JM, Lu XY, Amal R. Tunable syngas production through CO₂ electroreduction on cobalt-carbon composite electrocatalyst. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;12(8):9307.

[167]

Duan YX, Liu KH, Zhang Q, Yan JM, Jiang Q. Efficient CO₂ reduction to HCOOH with high selectivity and energy efficiency over Bi/rGO catalyst. Small Methods. 2020;4(5):1900846.

[168]

Han H, Noh Y, Kim Y, Park S, Yoon W, Jang D, Choi SM, Kim WB. Selective electrochemical CO₂ conversion to multicarbon alcohols on highly efficient N-doped porous carbon-supported Cu catalysts. Green Chem. 2020;22(1):71.

[169]

Payra S, Shenoy S, Chakraborty C, Tarafder K, Roy S. Structure-sensitive electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to methanol over carbon-supported intermetallic PtZn nano-alloys. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;12(17):19402.

[170]

Baturina OA, Lu Q, Padilla MA, Xin L, Li WZ, Serov A, Artyushkova K, Atanassov P, Xu F, Epshteyn A, Brintlinger T, Schuette M, Collins GE. CO₂ electroreduction to hydrocarbons on carbon-supported Cu nanoparticles. ACS Catal. 2014;4(10):3682.

[171]

Ma SC, Lan YC, Perez GMJ, Moniri S, Kenis PJA. Silver supported on titania as an active catalyst for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction. Chemsuschem. 2014;7(3):866.

[172]

Rogers C, Perkins WS, Veber G, Williams TE, Cloke RR, Fischer FR. Synergistic enhancement of electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction with gold nanoparticles embedded in functional graphene nanoribbon composite electrodes. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(11):4052.

[173]

Wang JJ, Kattel S, Hawxhurst CJ, Lee JH, Tackett BM, Chang K, Rui N, Liu CJ, Chen JGG. Enhancing activity and reducing cost for electrochemical reduction of CO₂ by supporting palladium on metal carbides. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2019;58(19):6271.

[174]

Zhang YY, Li K, Chen MM, Wang J, Liu JD, Zhang YT. Cu/Cu₂O nanoparticles supported on vertically ZIF-L-coated nitrogen-doped graphene nanosheets for electroreduction of CO₂ to ethanol. ACS Appl Nano Mater. 2019;3(1):257.

[175]

Pankhurst JR, Guntern YT, Mensi M, Buonsanti R. Molecular tunability of surface-functionalized metal nanocrystals for selective electrochemical CO₂ reduction. Chem Sci. 2019;10(44):10356.

[176]

Lau GPS, Schreier M, Vasilyev D, Scopelliti R, Gratzel M, Dyson PJ. New insights into the role of imidazolium-based promoters for the electroreduction of CO₂ on a silver electrode. J Am Chem Soc. 2016;138(25):7820.

[177]

Kim C, Eom T, Jee MS, Jung H, Kim H, Min BK, Hwang YJ. Insight into electrochemical CO₂ reduction on surface-molecule mediated Ag nanoparticles. ACS Catal. 2017;7(1):779.

[178]

Wu YS, Yuan XL, Tao ZX, Wang HL. Bifunctional electrocatalysis for CO₂ reduction via surface capping-dependent metal-oxide interactions. Chem Commun. 2019;55(60):8864.

[179]

Chung MW, Cha IY, Ha MG, Na Y, Hwang J, Ham HC, Kim HJ, Henkensmeier D, Yoo SJ, Kim JY, Lee SY, Park HS, Jang JH. Enhanced CO₂ reduction activity of polyethylene glycol-modified Au nanoparticles prepared via liquid medium sputtering. Appl Catal B. 2018;237:673.

[180]

Cao Z, Zacate SB, Sun XD, Liu JJ, Hale EM, Carson WP, Tyndall SB, Xu J, Liu XW, Liu XC, Song C, Luo JH, Cheng MJ, Wen XD, Liu W. Tuning gold nanoparticles with chelating ligands for highly efficient electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2018;57(39):12675.

[181]

Wagner A, Ly KH, Heidary N, Szabo I, Foldes T, Assaf KI, Barrow SJ, Sokolowski K, Al-Hada M, Kornienko N, Kuehnel MF, Rosta E, Zebger I, Nau WM, Scherman OA, Reisner E. Host−guest chemistry meets electrocatalysis: cucurbit[6]uril on a Au surface as a hybrid system in CO₂ reduction. ACS Catal. 2020;10(1):751.

[182]

Tamura J, Ono A, Sugano Y, Huang CC, Nishizawa H, Mikoshiba S. Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to ethylene glycol on imidazolium ion-terminated self-assembly monolayer-modified Au electrodes in an aqueous solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2015;17(39):26072.

[183]

Fang YX, Flake JC. Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ at functionalized Au electrodes. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(9):3399.

[184]

Li FW, Li YGC, Wang ZY, Li J, Nam DH, Lum Y, Luo MC, Wang X, Ozden A, Hung SF, Chen B, Wang YH, Wicks J, Xu Y, Li YL, Gabardo CM, Dinh CT, Wang Y, Zhuang TT, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Cooperative CO₂-to-ethanol conversion via enriched intermediates at molecule–metal catalyst interfaces. Nat Catal. 2019;3(1):75.

[185]

Li FW, Thevenon A, Rosas-Hernandez A, Wang ZY, Li YL, Gabardo CM, Ozden A, Dinh CT, Li J, Wang YH, Edwards JP, Xu Y, McCallum C, Tao LZ, Liang ZQ, Luo MC, Wang X, Li HH, O'Brien CP, Tan CS, Nam DH, Quintero-Bermudez R, Zhuang TT, Li YGC, Han ZJ, Britt RD, Sinton D, Agapie T, Peters JC, Sargent EH. Molecular tuning of CO₂-to-ethylene conversion. Nature. 2019;577(7791):509.

[186]

Han ZJ, Kortlever R, Chen HY, Peters JC, Agapie T. CO₂ reduction selective for C_≥2 products on polycrystalline copper with N-substituted pyridinium additives. ACS Cent Sci. 2017;3(8):853.

[187]

Thevenon A, Rosas-Hernandez A, Peters JC, Agapie T. In-situ nanostructuring and stabilization of polycrystalline copper by an organic salt additivepromotes electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to ethylene. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2019;58(47):16952.

[188]

Buckley AK, Lee M, Cheng T, Kazantsev RV, Larson DM, Goddard WA, Toste FD, Toma FM. Electrocatalysis at organic-metal interfaces: identification of structure-reactivity relationships for CO₂ reduction at modified Cu surfaces. J Am Chem Soc. 2019;141(18):7355.

[189]

Wang ZJ, Wu LN, Sun K, Chen T, Jiang ZH, Cheng T, Goddard WA. Surface ligand promotion of carbon dioxide reduction through stabilizing chemisorbed reactive intermediates. J Phys Chem Lett. 2018;9(11):3057.

[190]

Xie MS, Xia BY, Li YW, Yan Y, Yang YH, Sun Q, Chan SH, Fisher A, Wang X. Amino acid modified copper electrodes for the enhanced selective electroreduction of carbon dioxide towards hydrocarbons. Energy Environ Sci. 2016;9(5):1687.

[191]

Zhao Y, Wang CY, Liu YQ, MacFarlane DR, Wallace GG. Engineering surface amine modifiers of ultrasmall gold nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide for improved electrochemical CO₂ reduction. Adv Energy Mater. 2018;8(25):1801400.

[192]

Cao Z, Kim D, Hong DC, Yu Y, Xu J, Lin S, Wen XD, Nichols EM, Jeong K, Reimer JA, Yang PD, Chang CJ. A molecular surface functionalization approach to tuning nanoparticle electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction. J Am Chem Soc. 2016;138(26):8120.

[193]

Fan ZX, Zhang H. Crystal phase-controlled synthesis, properties and applications of noble metal nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev. 2016;45(1):63.

[194]

Cheng HF, Yang NL, Lu QP, Zhang ZC, Zhang H. Syntheses and properties of metal nanomaterials with novel crystal phases. Adv Mater. 2018;30(26):1707189.

[195]

Chen Y, Lai ZC, Zhang X, Fan ZX, He QY, Tan CL, Zhang H. Phase engineering of nanomaterials. Nat Rev Chem. 2020;4(5):243.

[196]

Chen Y, Fan ZX, Wang J, Ling CY, Niu WX, Huang ZQ, Liu GG, Chen B, Lai ZC, Liu XZ, Li B, Zong Y, Gu L, Wang JL, Wang X, Zhang H. Ethylene selectivity in electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction on Cu nanomaterials: a crystal phase-dependent study. J Am Chem Soc. 2020;142(29):12760.

[197]

Fan ZX, Bosman M, Huang ZQ, Chen Y, Ling CY, Wu L, Akimov YA, Laskowski R, Chen B, Ercius P, Zhang J, Qi XY, Goh MH, Ge YY, Zhang ZC, Niu WX, Wang JL, Zheng HM, Zhang H. Heterophase fcc-2H-fcc gold nanorods. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):3293.

Title: Recent progress in structural modulation of metal nanomaterials for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Chen-Huai Yang
Farhat Nosheen
Zhi-Cheng Zhang
Publication date: 22-10-2020
Publisher: Nonferrous Metals Society of China
Published in: Rare Metals / Issue 6/2021
Print ISSN: 1001-0521
Electronic ISSN: 1867-7185
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-020-01600-4

Springer Professional

Abstract

Graphic abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 6/2021

Fabrication of porous Zn2TiO4–ZnO microtubes and analysis of their acetone gas sensing properties

Synthesis of Ba-doped porous LaFeO3 microspheres with perovskite structure for rapid detection of ethanol gas

Enhanced formaldehyde sensitivity of two-dimensional mesoporous SnO2 by nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots

A review on Ti3C2Tx-based nanomaterials: synthesis and applications in gas and humidity sensors

Plate-like carbon-supported Fe3C nanoparticles with superior electrochemical performance

In situ growth of NiSe@Co0.85Se heterointerface structure with electronic modulation on nickel foam for overall water splitting

Premium Partners