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2024 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Aufstrebende Raumfahrtaktivitäten in Afrika

verfasst von : Annette Froehlich

Erschienen in: Strategischer Wettbewerb im Weltraum

Verlag: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

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Zusammenfassung

Weltraumaktivitäten haben in Afrika in jüngster Zeit beachtlich an Bedeutung gewonnen. Dies spiegelt sich auf verschiedenen Ebenen wider. Neben einer Beteiligung an internationalen Weltraum-relevanten Foren wie dem Ausschuss der Vereinten Nationen für die friedliche Nutzung des Weltraums und den damit verbundenen Programmen, ist auch auf intraregionaler Ebene eine Zunahme gemeinsamer Aktionen zwischen afrikanischen Staaten zu verzeichnen. Astronomische Einrichtungen wie das Square Kilometre Array und das Southern African Large Telescope haben zusätzlich internationale Anerkennung erlangt. Zudem ist auf nationaler Ebene in den afrikanischen Ländern das Interesse an weltraumbezogener Infrastruktur und die Anzahl der gestarteten Satelliten inzwischen erheblich gestiegen und weitere Projekte wurden angekündigt. Anfangs in Kooperationen mit etablierten internationalen Raumfahrtakteuren, nehmen zwischenzeitlich auch die Bestrebungen nach dem Aufbau indigener Kompetenzen zu. Da Weltraumanwendungen ein wichtiges Instrument für die nachhaltige Entwicklung der afrikanischen Gesellschaften sind, gewinnen diese auch auf politischer Ebene verstärkt an Beachtung. Bezeichnenderweise verabschiedete die Afrikanische Union die Afrikanische Weltraumpolitik und -strategie, die den Weg für die Gründung der Afrikanischen Weltraumorganisation ebnete.

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Fußnoten
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3
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4
21 afrikanische Staaten haben den Weltraumvertrag, 16 das Rettungsübereinkommen, 16 das Haftungsübereinkommen, sieben das Registrierungsübereinkommen und nur Marokko hat den Mondvertrag ratifiziert. Andere afrikanische Staaten haben einige dieser Weltraumverträge zwar unterzeichnet, aber noch nicht ratifiziert. Vgl. United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs. 2022. Status of International Agreements relating to activities in outer space as at 1 January 2022. https://​www.​unoosa.​org/​res/​oosadoc/​data/​documents/​2022/​aac_​105c_​22022crp/​aac_​105c_​22022crp_​10_​0_​html/​AAC105_​C2_​2022_​CRP10E.​pdf.
 
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12
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17
Ebd.
 
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19
Ebd., S. 5.
 
20
Vgl. Ebd., S. 10.
 
21
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22
African Union (2019), S. 6.
 
23
Vgl. ebd., S. 8–14.
 
24
Ebd., S. 15.
 
25
African Union (2018), Art. 2.
 
26
Ebd., Art. 4.
 
27
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28
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29
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30
Ebd., Pkt. 11.
 
31
Ebd., Pkt. 10.
 
32
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34
Ebd., S. 37.
 
35
Ebd.
 
36
Ebd.
 
37
Die Studien sind: Comprehensive Study on African Private Sector in Earth Observation, Geospatial and Allied Technologies und Gap Analysis Study on Navigation and Positioning in Africa.
 
38
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39
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45
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52
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59
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60
Vgl weitere Einzelheiten Siebrits, André. 2019. Algeria. In: Integrated Space for African Society. Legal and Policy Implementation of Space in African Countries. Hrsg. Froehlich, Annette. 113–142. Cham: Springer, S. 115.
 
61
„Jamhuri“ bedeutet auf Deutsch „Republik“.
 
62
Ursprünglich war der Start für Anfang Dezember 1970 geplant, musste aber wegen eines Batteriedefekts verschoben werden.
 
63
Offizielle Bezeichnung: Small Astronomical Satellite A (SAS A, Explorer 42).
 
64
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65
Vgl. Martens, Bas. 2019. Kenya, In: Integrated Space for African Society. Legal and Policy Implementation of Space in African Countries. Hrsg. Froehlich, Annette. 157–170. Cham: Springer, S. 165.
 
66
Vgl. Republic of Kenya. 2019. Report of the Departmental Committee on Defence and Foreign Relations on the Consideration a, Ratification of the Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Kenya and the Government of the Italian Republic on the Luigi Broglio-Malindi Space Centre, Juni 2019, http://​www.​parliament.​go.​ke/​sites/​default/​files/​2019-07/​REPORT%20​OF%20​THE%20​DC%20​DEFENCE%20​ON%20​THE%20​AGREEMENT%20​BETWEEN%20​KENYA%20​AND%20​ITALY%20​ON%20​THE%20​MALINDI%20​SPACE%20​CENTRE_​compressed.​pdf.
 
67
Ebd., S. 4.
 
68
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69
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70
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71
Ebd., Pt. 3.
 
72
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Metadaten
Titel
Aufstrebende Raumfahrtaktivitäten in Afrika
verfasst von
Annette Froehlich
Copyright-Jahr
2024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-42602-6_16

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