A EHO-Based Clustering and Routing Technique for Lifetime Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks

It is known that Clustering and Routing are two techniques that can be used for improving the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Here, clustering has been implemented using the Elephant Herd optimization (EHO) technique. In this method, the behavior of the elephant groups has been taken into consideration. As it is known, elephants form groups consisting of the father elephant, mother elephant, and calves. As soon as the father elephant grows old, the mother elephant takes over the leadership and the older elephant moves away from the group and stays in isolation but is in contact with the group. An enhancing operator which selects the cluster head based on the highest energy and a separator operator used for separating the node with energy exhausted that is the father node is used for implementing the clustering technique. Routing technique has been implemented through the fittest cluster head method. While selecting the path the cluster heads in the neighboring clusters are compared on the basis of their energies and the cluster head with the higher energy is selected for the path.