A Survey on VANETs Routing Protocols in Urban Scenarios

Most researches done in the area of wireless communication is in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). Traffic accidents in roads are marked as the 9th major reason for loss of humans lives in the world. For solving this issue, VANET is developed and it forms the pillar of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Transportation efficiency and road safety are the main applications of VANET. For these applications, an efficient routing protocol is required in order to handle the high mobility and rapidly changing network topology. Many routing protocols have developed based on topology and position. VANET routing protocol also varies according to the area of communication, rural or urban. Since VANET is large in terms of amount of information generated and number of nodes, geographic routing protocols are appropriate for urban road network. But the main forwarding strategy applied in geographic routing is to select nodes that are nearer to the destination which can lead to increase in the probability of link breakage. Hence fuzzy logic based geographic routing protocol is most appropriate because it uses artificial intelligence in selecting the route. This paper focuses on the geographic based routing protocols and the geographic routing protocol based on fuzzy logic developed in urban scenarios.…