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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

9. Accelerated Expansion Test: Canada, Laval University Method

verfasst von : Benoît Fournier, Leandro Sanchez

Erschienen in: Diagnosis & Prognosis of AAR Affected Structures

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This test method covers the laboratory determination of the swelling potential and the residual free expansion of concrete extracted from structures affected by alkali-silica reaction.

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Fußnoten
1
Reference [3] reported that ASR expansion is greatly reduced in the direction of the main restraints (reinforcements, prestressing, postensioning, loading, \(\ldots \)), while restraining concrete samples in one or two directions can actually contribute at increasing expansion in the unrestrained (or less restrained) direction(s). Moreover, a number of studies also indicated that the ASR expansion of non-reinforced concrete is greater in the direction perpendicular to the casting plane, which phenomenon is amplified in the presence of flat and elongated reactive aggregate particles [4].
 
2
Reference [7] recommends that nine gage studs be fixed to each core along three equally spaced lines with two 50 mm (2 in) gage lengths each (6 readings per core).
 
3
For instance, in the study by [2] on the effectiveness of sealers against the ASR developed in median barriers located in Québec City (Québec, Canada), an expansion rate of 0.005% per year has been measured for the unsealed control sections of barriers.
 
4
Petrographic examination of the concrete cores before the tests (cracking, primary reaction products, etc.), the measurement of the water-soluble alkali content of the concrete, the verification of the presence of secondary reaction products after the tests, and the expansion results obtained for companion cores immersed in 1N NaOH at 38 \(^\circ \)C (100 \(^\circ \)F) may greatly help in the preparation of the results of tests in humid air.
 
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Bérubé, M., Smaoui, N., Coté, T.: Expansion tests on cores from ASR affected structures. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference AAR, pp. 821–832. Beijing, PRC (2004) Bérubé, M., Smaoui, N., Coté, T.: Expansion tests on cores from ASR affected structures. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference AAR, pp. 821–832. Beijing, PRC (2004)
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Bérubé, M., Frenette, J., Pedneault, A., Rivest, M.: Laboratory assessment of the potential rate of ASR expansion of field concrete. Cem., Concr. Aggreg. 24(1), 13–19 (2002)CrossRef Bérubé, M., Frenette, J., Pedneault, A., Rivest, M.: Laboratory assessment of the potential rate of ASR expansion of field concrete. Cem., Concr. Aggreg. 24(1), 13–19 (2002)CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Smaoui, N., Bérubé, M., Fournier, B., Bissonnette, B.: Influence of specimen geometry, orientation of casting plane, and mode of concrete consolidation on expansion due to ASR. Cem., Concr. Aggreg. 26(2), 1–13 (2004)CrossRef Smaoui, N., Bérubé, M., Fournier, B., Bissonnette, B.: Influence of specimen geometry, orientation of casting plane, and mode of concrete consolidation on expansion due to ASR. Cem., Concr. Aggreg. 26(2), 1–13 (2004)CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Smaoui, N., Bérubé, M., Fournier, B., Bissonnette, B., Durand, B.: Evaluation of the expansion attained to date by concrete affected by alkali-silica reaction. Part I: Experimental study. Can. J. Civ. Eng. 31(5), 826–845 (2004)CrossRef Smaoui, N., Bérubé, M., Fournier, B., Bissonnette, B., Durand, B.: Evaluation of the expansion attained to date by concrete affected by alkali-silica reaction. Part I: Experimental study. Can. J. Civ. Eng. 31(5), 826–845 (2004)CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Bérubé, M., Frenette, J., Landry, M., McPhedran, D., Pedneault, A., Ouellet, S.: Evaluation du potentiel résiduel de réaction et d’éxpansion du béton en service atteint de réactivité alcalis-silice. Technical report Final report No. CO-93-04 to Hydro-Quebece (1994) Bérubé, M., Frenette, J., Landry, M., McPhedran, D., Pedneault, A., Ouellet, S.: Evaluation du potentiel résiduel de réaction et d’éxpansion du béton en service atteint de réactivité alcalis-silice. Technical report Final report No. CO-93-04 to Hydro-Quebece (1994)
6.
Zurück zum Zitat ASTM C1293.: C1293-18a Standard Test Method for Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction. Annual Book of ASTM Standards (2018) ASTM C1293.: C1293-18a Standard Test Method for Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction. Annual Book of ASTM Standards (2018)
7.
Zurück zum Zitat BCA.: The Diagnosis of Alkali-Silica Reaction-Report of a Working Party. Technical report 44 p. Wexham Springs, Slough (UK), SL3 6PL (1992) BCA.: The Diagnosis of Alkali-Silica Reaction-Report of a Working Party. Technical report 44 p. Wexham Springs, Slough (UK), SL3 6PL (1992)
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Fournier, B., Bérubé, M., Folliard, K., Thomas, M.: Report on the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Mitigation of Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) in Transportation Structures. Technical report FHWA-HIF-09-004. 154 p. Federal Highway Administration (2010) Fournier, B., Bérubé, M., Folliard, K., Thomas, M.: Report on the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Mitigation of Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) in Transportation Structures. Technical report FHWA-HIF-09-004. 154 p. Federal Highway Administration (2010)
9.
Zurück zum Zitat CSA A864-00.: Guide to the Evaluation and Management of Concrete Structures Affected by Alkali-Aggregate Reaction. Canadian Standards Association (CSA) (2000) CSA A864-00.: Guide to the Evaluation and Management of Concrete Structures Affected by Alkali-Aggregate Reaction. Canadian Standards Association (CSA) (2000)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat ISE.: Structural Effects of Alkali-Silica Reaction-Technical Guidance Appraisal of Existing Structures. Technical report 11 Upper Belgrave Street, London SW1X 8BH: Institution of Structural Engineers (ISE) (1992) ISE.: Structural Effects of Alkali-Silica Reaction-Technical Guidance Appraisal of Existing Structures. Technical report 11 Upper Belgrave Street, London SW1X 8BH: Institution of Structural Engineers (ISE) (1992)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Rogers, C., Hooton, R.: Reduction in mortar and concrete expansion with reactive aggregates due to alkali leaching. Cem., Concr. Aggreg. 13(1), 42–49 (1993) Rogers, C., Hooton, R.: Reduction in mortar and concrete expansion with reactive aggregates due to alkali leaching. Cem., Concr. Aggreg. 13(1), 42–49 (1993)
Metadaten
Titel
Accelerated Expansion Test: Canada, Laval University Method
verfasst von
Benoît Fournier
Leandro Sanchez
Copyright-Jahr
2021
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44014-5_9