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2014 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

7. Active Sites for Selective Catalytic Reduction

verfasst von : Wolfgang Grünert

Erschienen in: Urea-SCR Technology for deNOx After Treatment of Diesel Exhausts

Verlag: Springer New York

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Abstract

In this chapter, the development of knowledge on the active sites of V2O5-WO3/TiO2, Fe- and Cu-modified zeolite catalysts, which are most frequently used for NH3-SCR, is reviewed and a short account on opinions regarding Mn- and Ce-based catalysts is given. In vanadia-based systems, binary sites combining two V ions via an oxygen bridge are thought to provide the highest activities although the reaction can proceed also on isolated V oxo sites. The W promoter has been found to separate V oxo surface species, which tend to form islands providing low activity, into smaller, more active entities. For Fe zeolites it has been shown that standard SCR, fast SCR and NO oxidation proceed on different sites, which discourages mechanistic concepts according to which NO2 formation by NO oxidation is the rate-determining step of standard SCR. Opinions on active sites for standard SCR range from “exclusively isolated sites” to “all accessible Fe sites.” Opposed to this, fast SCR is catalyzed by an isolated minority Fe site, most likely a type which is stabilized in the 2+ oxidation state by two close framework Al ions and can be oxidized to the 3+ state only by NO2. Standard SCR over Cu zeolites can proceed on isolated and clustered sites as well, but the high activities on the recently developed Cu chabazites originate from isolated Cu cations.

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Titel: Active Sites for Selective Catalytic Reduction
verfasst von: Wolfgang Grünert
Verlag: Springer New York
Buch: Urea-SCR Technology for deNOx After Treatment of Diesel Exhausts
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-8070-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4899-8071-7

Copyright-Jahr: 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8071-7_7

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