An improved proposal on the practical quantum key distribution with biased basis

In this manuscript, we propose an improved scheme on the decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) under practical experimental conditions with biased basis. Compared with the standard decoy-state method with biased basis (prepare signal pulses in both X and Z basis with certain probabilities, and weak decoy pulses as well), the difference here is, we prepare signal pulses in both X and Z basis, but the weak decoy state in only X basis. In the follow-up, we adopt this scheme to conducting numerical simulations on the QKD with the mostly often used source, i.e., weak coherent source by taking statistical fluctuations into account. Furthermore, we carry out full parameter optimization on it. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that our new scheme can present a higher key generation rate and a longer transmission distance compared with standard three-intensity decoy-state method with biased basis. Moreover, it shows drastically improved performance by conducting full parameter optimization in our new scheme compared with partial optimization.