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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Attribute Based Encryption with Direct Efficiency Tradeoff

verfasst von : Nuttapong Attrapadung, Goichiro Hanaoka, Tsutomu Matsumoto, Tadanori Teruya, Shota Yamada

Erschienen in: Applied Cryptography and Network Security

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

We propose the first fully secure unbounded Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) scheme such that the key size and ciphertext size can be directly traded off. Our proposed scheme is parameterized by a positive integer d, which can be arbitrarily chosen at setup. In our scheme, the ciphertext size is O(t/d), the private key size is O(md), and the public key size is O(d), where t, m are the sizes of attribute sets and policies corresponding to ciphertext and private key, respectively.

Our scheme can be considered as a generalization that includes two of the state-of-the-art ABE instantiations, namely, the unbounded ABE scheme and the ABE scheme with constant-size ciphertexts proposed by Attrapadung (Eurocrypt 2014). Indeed, these two schemes correspond to the two extreme cases of our scheme, that is, when setting \(d=1\) and when setting d as the maximum size of allowed attribute sets, respectively. Furthermore, our scheme also yields a tradeoff between encryption and decryption time. Interestingly, when estimating efficiency using numerical parameters, the decryption time is minimized at d being somewhere in the middle of the spectrum.

We believe that this tradeoff can provide advantages in applications where size and/or time resources are concretely fixed in advance, as we can flexibly adjust d to match available resources and thus make the most of them. Such situations include, but are not limited to, implementations of ABE in tiny hardware tokens.

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Vorheriges Kapitel More Efficient Constructions for Inner-Product Encryption

Nächstes Kapitel Turing Machines with Shortcuts: Efficient Attribute-Based Encryption for Bounded Functions

The other types are ciphertext-policy [8, 25] and dual-policy [5] ABE.

Full security (or also called adaptive security) is the standard security notion for ABE. In this notion, the adversary can adaptively query keys for any attribute X as long as \(R(X,Y^\star )=0\) where \(Y^\star \) is an adversarially and adaptively chosen attribute for the challenge ciphertext.

Selective security refers to a weak notion where the adversary is required to announce the challenge ciphertext attribute \(Y^\star \) upfront before seeing the public key.

Semi-adaptive security is an intermediate notion between selective and full security.

We denote by ‘\(\sqcup \)’ the union of disjointed sets.

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Titel: Attribute Based Encryption with Direct Efficiency Tradeoff
verfasst von: Nuttapong Attrapadung
Goichiro Hanaoka
Tsutomu Matsumoto
Tadanori Teruya
Shota Yamada
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Applied Cryptography and Network Security
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-39554-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-39555-5

Copyright-Jahr: 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39555-5_14

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