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Erschienen in:
Measures of Development—Concepts, Causality, and Context Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2018 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Being Out of Work: An Analysis of Unemployment and Its Duration in India

verfasst von : Mousumi Dutta, Zakir Husain

Erschienen in: Economics, Management and Sustainability

Verlag: Springer Singapore

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Abstract

In India, the decadal Census and National Sample Survey Office ‘Employment and Unemployment’ surveys are the most authoritative sources of unemployment. Both sources use a rigid definition of unemployment, based on a combination of recognition and income criterion. As a result, estimates of unemployment are very low. In this chapter, information from the NSSO 68th round survey on the duration over which respondents classified as workers are without work is used. Respondents with positive values for this variable are classified as being ‘out of work’. The incidence of such out of work respondents is estimated, and using a two-stage least square logistic model, groups who are most at risk of being out of work, is identified.

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Fußnoten
1
The following discussion is largely based on GoI (2001).
 
2
Initially, while referring to ‘work’, NSSO used the term ‘gainful activities’. This referred to any activity adding value to the ‘national product’ of the country. However, in addition to production of goods and services for exchange, any agricultural production for own consumption and did not go for sale was also considered ‘gainful’ or ‘work’. From the 50th round, NSSO substituted ‘economic activities’ instead of ‘gainful activities’. Economic activity refers to any activity resulting in production of goods and services that adds value to national product is considered as economic activity. It includes production of all goods and services for market, production of primary commodities for own consumption and own account production of fixed assets. This is a slightly broader definition than gainful activities, including own account production of fixed assets.
 
3
Thus, even rentiers and pensioners were considered to be workers.
 
4
‘The income criteria require the person to be earning an income in order to be classified as employed, while the recognition criteria state that the person must have a sense of being engaged in some activity worth his while’ (Sen 1975: 5).
 
5
Recognising the importance of this point, NSSO has added the clause ‘if work is available’, thereby widening the recognition criterion.
 
6
This criterion is imposed to eliminate child workers from being counted as part of the work force. There is, thus, an ethical dilemma whether we should accept Sen’s criticism and treat children seeking work as unemployed. Further, given their non-adult status, it may also be claimed that it is not the children who are seeking work, but their parents/guardians.
 
7
This is defined as number of workers as a proportion of number of children below 15 years and non-working persons aged above 60 years.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Being Out of Work: An Analysis of Unemployment and Its Duration in India
verfasst von
Mousumi Dutta
Zakir Husain
Copyright-Jahr
2018
Verlag
Springer Singapore
Buch
Economics, Management and Sustainability

Print ISBN: 978-981-13-1893-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-13-1894-8

Copyright-Jahr: 2018

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1894-8_8

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