Bio-based Polyols and Polyurethanes

verfasst von: Yebo Li, Xiaolan Luo, Shengjun Hu

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This brief outlines the most recent advances in the production of polyols and polyurethanes from renewable resources, mainly vegetable oils, lignocellulosic biomass, starch, and protein. The typical processes for the production of polyols from each of the above mentioned feedstocks are introduced and the properties of the resultant polyols and polyurethanes are also discussed.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Introduction to Bio-based Polyols and Polyurethanes

Abstract

Polyurethanes (PUs) are one of the most versatile polymers and are widely used in our daily lives for rigid and flexible foams, coatings, films, and other products. PUs are generally synthesized through reactions between isocyanates and polyols. A brief overview of the chemical structures, origin, synthetic methods, and properties of polyols and isocyanates is given in this chapter. Currently, most polyols are petroleum-based, but increasing concerns over the depletion of petroleum resources, environment, and sustainability have led to considerable efforts to develop bio-based polyols and PUs from renewable resources. Bio-based polyols and isocyanates for the production of bio-based PUs are discussed in this chapter.

Yebo Li, Xiaolan Luo, Shengjun Hu

Chapter 2. Polyols and Polyurethanes from Vegetable Oils and Their Derivatives

Abstract

Vegetable oils and their derivatives have been widely used for the production of various polymers including polyols and polyurethanes. Vegetable oil derivatives, such as fatty acids, fatty acid esters, and crude glycerol, can be obtained via hydrolysis or transesterification of vegetable oils. Polyols and polyurethanes with properties comparable to those of petroleum-based analogs have been prepared from vegetable oils and their derivatives for various applications such as foams, coatings, adhesives, etc. This chapter reviews the structures and compositions of vegetable oils and their derivatives, synthetic methods of producing polyols from vegetable oils and their derivatives, properties of these polyols, and performance and applications of the resulting polyurethanes.

Yebo Li, Xiaolan Luo, Shengjun Hu

Chapter 3. Lignocellulosic Biomass-Based Polyols for Polyurethane Applications

Abstract

Recently, there has been increased interest in developing bio-based polyols and polyurethanes (PUs) from lignocellulosic biomass. As the world’s most abundant renewable feedstock, lignocellulosic biomass is rich in hydroxyl groups and has potential as a feedstock to produce bio-based polyols for PU applications. Lignocellulosic biomass can be converted to liquid polyols through oxypropylation or liquefaction processes. The produced liquid polyols from lignocellulosic biomass can be used to prepare various PU products, such as foams, films, and adhesives. The properties of lignocellulosic biomass-derived polyols and PUs depend upon various factors, such as feedstock characteristics, reaction parameters, and PU formulations. The major challenge for lignocellulosic biomass-based polyols is the consumption of solvents, which comprise a large fraction of the reactants, during liquefaction processes.

Yebo Li, Xiaolan Luo, Shengjun Hu

Chapter 4. Polyols and Polyurethanes from Protein-Based Feedstocks

Abstract

Feedstocks that have high protein contents, such as soy protein, are promising materials for extensive polyol and polyurethane (PU) applications, such as foams, films, and coatings, due to the characteristic structures and properties of proteins. Currently, most research has been focused on the direct use of these protein-based feedstocks in combination with polymers for PU production. Although proteins have multiple reactive functional groups, such as amino and carboxyl groups, reports on the modification of protein-based feedstocks for the production of liquid polyols are limited. This chapter reviews sources, compositions, structures, and processing of protein-based feedstocks; synthetic methods and properties of protein-based polyols; and performance and applications of the derived PUs.

Yebo Li, Xiaolan Luo, Shengjun Hu

Titel: Bio-based Polyols and Polyurethanes
verfasst von: Yebo Li
Xiaolan Luo
Shengjun Hu
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-21539-6
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-21538-9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21539-6

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