nach oben

Erschienen in:

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. Business in New Markets Under New Masters

verfasst von : Grietjie Verhoef

Erschienen in: The History of Business in Africa

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Verhoef dispels the notion of immediate colonial superiority, by presenting evidence of mutual dependence, successful adaptation by African entrepreneurs and the co-existence of struggling metropolitan chartered companies and local entrepreneurs and middlemen. The pendulum swung between colonial state power enforcing cash crop production and business concentration and resisting local businessmen and farmers persevering on the margins of the market. Entrepreneurial survival in kinship networks in West and East Africa contrasts with the dual model of European and African business development in South Africa. Verhoef offers compelling evidence of entrepreneurial ingenuity and successful survival and growth strategies under colonial and minority governments, dispelling the notion of African business inability to compete in the capitalist market. Local banks from South Africa competed successfully with imperial institutions.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Networks of Exchange

Nächstes Kapitel Business in Independent Africa

Alence R (1990/91) The 1937–38 Gold Coast cocoa crisis: the political economy of commercial stalemate. Afr Econ Hist 19:77–104

Arndt EHD (1928) Banking and currency development in South Africa: 1652–1927. Juta, Cape Town

Austin RA (1987) African economic history: internal development and external dependency. J Currey, London

Austin G (1988) Capitalists and chiefs in the cocoa hold-ups in south Asante, 1927–1938. Int J Afr Hist Stud 21(1):63–95CrossRef

Austin G (1993) Indigenous credit institutions in West Africa, c. 1750–1960. In: Austin G, Sughiara K (eds) Local suppliers of credit in the Third World, 1750–1960. Macmillan, Basingstoke, pp 93–159CrossRef

Austin G (2013) Labour-intensity and manufacturing in West Africa, c. 1450-c. 2000. In: Labour-intensive industrialization in global history, vol 59. Routledge, New York, p 201

Austin G (2014) Vent for surplus or productivity breakthrough? The Ghanaian cocoa take-off, c.1890–1936. Econ Hist Rev 67(40):1035–1064CrossRef

Austin G (2016) The state and business in Ghana: pre-colonial, post-colonial (1807–2000). Unpublished paper presented at African Economic History Workshop meeting, Sussex, 21/22/10/2016

Austin G, Sughiara K (eds) (1993) Local suppliers of credit in the Third World, 1750–1960. Macmillan, Basingstoke

Austin G, Sughiara K (eds) (2013) Labour-intensive industrialization in global history. Routledge, London and New York

Austin G, Uche C (2007) Collusion and competition in colonial economies: banking in British West Africa, 1916–1960. Bus Hist Rev 81:1–26CrossRef

Bantu Education Journal, September 1958 and September 1959

Cooper F (2002) Africa since 1940: the past of the present, vol 1. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeCrossRef

Henry JA (1963) The first hundred years of the Standard Bank. Oxford University Press, New York

Iliffe J (1983) The emergence of African capitalism. Macmillan, LondonCrossRef

Oonk G (2015) Gujarati in East Africa, 1880-2000: colonization, de-colonization and complex citizenship issues. Diaspora Stud 8(1):66–79CrossRef

Vahed G (1999) Control and repression: the plight of Indian hawkers and flower sellers in Durban, 1910-1948. Int J Afr Hist Stud 32(1):19–48CrossRef

Verhoef G (2002) Stokvels and economic empowerment: the case of African women in South Africa, 1930–1998. In: Lemire B, Pearson R, Campbell G (eds) Women and credit: researching the past, redefining the future. Section II: Bridging past and present. Berg, Oxford, pp 91–114

Verhoef G (2013) Financial intermediaries in settler economies: the role of the banking sector development in South Africa, 1850 – 2000. In: Lloyd C, Metzer J, Sutch R (eds) Settler economies in world history. Koninklijk Brill NV, Utrecht, pp 403–436. isbn: 9789004232648

• BGA 80/5544, Form of Understanding, 20/110/26

• BGA 80/5544, Heads of Agreement 26/10/26

• BGA 80/3556, Agreement with BBWA, 18/01/27

• BGA 11/129, Summary of Agreement between South African Banks14/7/27

• BGA 80/5544, Letter SARB – ROCO, 18/6/27

• BGA 80/3556, Letter Morgan Bull – R B Edwards, 30/4/26

• BGA 80/35558, Agreement on East African Currency Board, 30/6/31

• BGA 11/175, East African Agreement, 20/6/29

• BGA 11/233, East African Agreement 2/1/35

Bartlett SC (1972) Historical sketch of the missions of the American board in Africa. Religion and America Series, 11. New York

Bauer PT (1954) West Africa trade. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

Beinart W (1979) Joyini Inkomo: cattle advances and the origins of migrancy from Pondoland. J South Afr Stud 5(2):199–219CrossRef

Beinart W (1982) The political economy of Pondoland, 1860–1930. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeCrossRef

Bonner PL (1978) Factions and fissions: Transvaal/Swazi politics in the mid-nineteenth century. J Afr Hist 19(2):219–238CrossRef

Boone C (1992) Merchant capital and the roots of state power in Senegal, 1930–1985. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeCrossRef

Bozzoli B, Nkostoe M (1991) Women of Phokeng. Consciousness, Life strategy and migrancy in South Africa, 1900–1983. Boydell & Brewer, Johannesburg

Bundy C (1979) The rise and fall of the South African Peasantry. Heinemann, London

Chaves I, Engerman SL, Robinson JA (2014) Reinventing the wheel: the economic benefits for wheeled transport in early colonial British West Africa. In: Akyeampong E et al (eds) Africa’s development in historical perspective. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 321–365CrossRef

Cobley AG (1990) Class and consciousness: the Black petty-Bourgeoisie in South Africa, 1924–1950. Greenwood Printers, Westport

Coplan D (1982) The emergence of an African working-class. In: Marks S, Atmore A (eds) Economy and society in pre-industrial South Africa. Longman, London, pp 358–375

Cowel A (1983) A Soweto millionaire sets his sights on city hall. New York Times, December 3, 1983. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/1983/12/03/world/a-soweto-millionaire-sets-his-sights-on-city-hall.html (Accessed 9/07/2015)

Cowen MP (1972) Differentiation in a Kenya location. Unpublished paper to the East African social sciences conference, Nairobi

De Kock MH (1924) Selected subjects in the economic history of South Africa. Juta, Cape Town

Fage JD, Tordoff W (2000) A history of Africa, Fourth edn. Routledge, London

Feinstein C (2005) An economic history of South Africa. Conquest, discrimination and development. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeCrossRef

Giliomee H (2005) The Afrikaners. Biography of a people. Tafelberg, Cape Town

Guy J (1982) The destruction and reconstruction of the Zulu society. In: Marks S, Atmore A (eds) Economy and society in pre-industrial South Africa. Longman, London, pp 167–194

Hart GP (1972) Some socio-economic aspects of African entrepreneurship with particular reference to the Transkei and Ciskei’. Occasional Paper. Institute of Social and Economic Research, Rhodes University, No 16

Harneit-Sievers A (1996) African business, ‘economic nationalism’ and British colonial policy: Southern Nigeria, 1935–1954. Afr Econ Hist 24:25–68CrossRef

Hellman E (1948) Rooiyard; A sociological survey of an urban native slumyard. Oxford University Press, Cape Town

Hellman E (1950) The native in the towns. In: Schapera I (ed) The Bantu-speaking tribes of South Africa: an ethnological survey. Maskew Miller, Cape Town, pp 405–434

Hill P (1961) The migrant cocoa farmers of Southern Ghana. J Int Afr Inst 31(3):209–230CrossRef

Hiralal K (2000) The economic role of the Indian commercial class in Colonial Natal, in Alternation, Journal of the Centre for the Study of Southern African Literature and Languages 7(2):135–147

Hopkins AG (1976a) Imperial business in Africa. Part 1: Sources. J Afr Hist 17(1):29–48CrossRef

Hopkins AG (1976b) Imperial business in Africa: Part ll. J Afr Hist 17(2):267–290CrossRef

Hopkins AG (1987) Big business in African studies. J Afr Hist 28(1):119–140CrossRef

Houghton H (1978) Economic development, 1865–1965. In: Wilson M, Thompson L (eds) The Oxford history of South Africa, vol 2. Oxford University Press, London, pp 1–48

Huss B (1977) The South African native. Marian Hill Publishers, Durban

Interview: Kunene, Z (27/08/2014)

Jones FS (1996) The great imperial banks in South Africa. UNISA Press, Pretoria

Jones FS (2009) The role of banking development. South African economic development during the period of functional stability 1850s–1970s. South Afr J Econ Hist 24(1):94–117CrossRef

Jones G (2000) Merchants to multinationals: British trading companies in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Oxford University Press, Oxford

July RW (1998) A history of the African people, Fifth edn. Waveland Press, Prospect Heights

Keeble SMS (1981) The expansion of Black business into the South African economy with special reference to the initiative of the national African federated chamber of commerce in the 1970s. Unpublished MA dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand

Kennedy P (1988) African capitalism. The struggle for ascendency. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

Kindleberger CP (1993) A financial history of Western Europe, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, New York

Knudsen MH, Agergaard J (2016) Ghana’s cocoa frontier in transition: the role of migration and Livelihood diversification. Geofisika Annaler B Hum Geogr 97(4):325–342CrossRef

Kuper L (1965) An African Bourgeoisie: race, class and politics in South Africa. Yale University Press, New Haven

Kuper H, Kaplan S (1944) Voluntary associations in an Urban township. Afr Stud 3:178–186CrossRef

Marris P, Somerset A (1971) African Businessmen. A study of entrepreneurship and development in Kenya. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London

Mathebe L (1994) Black entrepreneurial activity and the origins of the National African Federation Chamber of Commerce (NAFCOC), 1920–1980. Unpublished MA Mini-dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand

Mayer P (1961) Tribesmen and Townsmen. Conservatism and the process of urbanisation in a South African city. Oxford University Press, Cape Town

Mogotsi STT (1977) Black Urban Entrepreneurship. Southern African Freedom Foundation, August 1977

Motsuenyane SM (2011) A testament of hope. The autobiography of Dr Sam Motsuenyane. KMM Review Publishers, Johannesburg

Murillo A (2011) The devil we know: Gold Coast consumers, local employees, and the united African Company, 1940–1060. Enterp Soc 12(2):317–355CrossRef

National African Federated Chambers of Commerce (NAFCOC) (1994) NAFCOC Milestones. Johannesburg

Ngwenya C (2011) The economic contribution of the Sunni Bohra Muslims in South Africa: a case study of the Dockrat family business. Unpublished MA dissertation, University of Johannesburg

Nwabughuogu AI (1982) From wealthy entrepreneurs to petty traders: the decline of African middlemen in Eastern Nigeria, 1900–1950. J Afr Hist 23(3):365–379CrossRef

Oladipo O (2012) The Nigerian motor transporters since the 1920s. Int J Humanit Soc Sci 2(12):230–237

Olukoju A (1992) Elder Dempster and the shipping trade of Nigeria during the First World War. J Afr Hist 33:255–271CrossRef

Olukoju A (2002a) The impact of colonialism on the development of African business in colonial Nigeria. In: Jalloh A, Falola T (eds) Black business and economic power. University of Rochester Press, Rochester, pp 176–198

Olukoju A (2002b) ‘Buy British, Sell Foreign’: External trade control policies in Nigeria during World War II and its aftermath. Int J Afr Hist Stud 35(2–3):363–384CrossRef

Olukoju, A (2015) Family firms: inter-generational succession and business strategies in colonial Western Nigeria. Unpublished paper presented to World Economic History Congress. Kyoto, August 2015

Padaychee V, Morrell R (1991) Indian merchants and Dukawallahs in the Natal economy: c1875–1914. J South Afr Stud 17(1):71–102CrossRef

Phillips RE (1938) The Bantu in the city. Lovedale Press, Lovedale

Robinson R, Gallagher JG, Denny A (1981) Africa and the Victorians. The official mind of imperialism, Second edn. Macmillan Press, LondonCrossRef

Sansom B (1974) Traditional economic systems. In: Hammond-Tooke WD (ed) The Bantu-speaking peoples of Southern Africa, 2nd edn. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London

Shane S, Eckhardt J (2003) The individual-opportunity nexus. In: Acs JA, Audretsch DB (eds) Handbook of entrepreneurship research. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 161–194

Shillington K (1982) The impact of the diamond discoveries on the Kimberley hinterland. In: Marks S, Atmore A (eds) Economy and society in pre-industrial South Africa. Longman, London, pp 99–118

Sienkiewicz M, Frank B (2014) An Eagle Eye, Africa in the 20th century as viewed through the archives of Barclays Bank. Afr Res Doc 125:29–44

Solomon V (1982) Transport. In: Coleman FL (ed) Economic history of South Africa. HAUM, Pretoria, pp 89–126

• B4/2: Memorandum of the Location Advisory Board Congress (LABC) on the Proposed Amendment to the Urban Areas Act, No 21 of 1923

• B4/2: ‘Urban Affairs’: Location Advisory Boards Congress

The Forum: 24 May 1941: “Native Trader Protest’

Greyling L, Verhoef G (2015) Slow growth, supply shocks and structural change: the GDP of the Cape Colony in the late nineteenth century. Econ Hist Dev Reg 30(1):1–21

• SBA, Minutes of proceedings, 10/12/12; 14/3/13; 16+17/6/13

• SAB, Memorandum of Agreement, 16/04/1887

• SBA, London Agreement, 31 December 1934

Swainson N (1980) The development of corporate capitalism in Kenya, 1918–1977. Heinemann, London

Trapido S (1980) Friends of the natives: merchants, peasants and the political and ideological structure of liberalism in the Cape, 1854–1910. In: Marks S, Atmore A (eds) Economy and society in pre-industrial South Africa. Longman, London, pp 247–274

Uche CU (2000) JB Loynes and central banking development in British West Africa. South Afr J Econ Hist 15(2):112–133CrossRef

UG22/1932: Report of the native economic commission: minutes of evidence, 1930–1932. Pretoria: Government Printer

Vahed G (2005) Passengers, partnerships, and promissory notes: Gujarati traders in colonial Natal, 1870–1920. Int J Afr Hist Stud 38(3):449–479

Van Aswegen HJ (1980) Die Geskiedenis van Afrika. Van die vroegste oorspronge tot onafhanklikheid. Academica, Pretoria

Van den Bersselaar D (2011) Doorway to success. Reconstructing African career in European business from company house magazines and oral history interviews. Hist Afr 38:257–294CrossRef

Verhoef G (2001) Stokvels and economic empowerment: the case of African women in South Africa, c. 1930–1998. In: Lemire B, Pearce R, Campbell G (eds) Women and credit. Researching the past, refiguring the future. Berg Publishers, Oxford, pp 91–116

Verhoef G (2016) Strategies for market monopolization: the register of co-operation and the ‘imperial banks’ in South Africa in the 1920s–1980s. In: Bonin H, Valerio N (eds) Colonial and imperial banking history. Routledge, London, pp 85–103

Wadhwani RD, Jones G (2014) Schumpeter’s plea: historical reasoning in entrepreneurship theory and research. In: Buchelli M, Wadhwani RD (eds) Organizations in time. History, theory, methods. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 192–216

Walshe P (1971) The rise of African Nationalism in South Africa, 1912–1952. University of California Press, Los Angeles

Webb ACM (1992) The roots of the tree: a study in early South African banking: the predecessors of First National Bank 1838–1926. Johannesburg, FNB

Wickins PL (1986) Africa 1880–1980. An economic history. Oxford University Press, Cape Town

Titel: Business in New Markets Under New Masters
verfasst von: Grietjie Verhoef
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: The History of Business in Africa
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-62565-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-62566-9

Copyright-Jahr: 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62566-9_4