nach oben

Erschienen in:

01.02.2013

Comparing Scales of Environmental Effects from Gasoline and Ethanol Production

verfasst von: Esther S. Parish, Keith L. Kline, Virginia H. Dale, Rebecca A. Efroymson, Allen C. McBride, Timothy L. Johnson, Michael R. Hilliard, Jeffrey M. Bielicki

Erschienen in: Environmental Management | Ausgabe 2/2013

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Understanding the environmental effects of alternative fuel production is critical to characterizing the sustainability of energy resources to inform policy and regulatory decisions. The magnitudes of these environmental effects vary according to the intensity and scale of fuel production along each step of the supply chain. We compare the spatial extent and temporal duration of ethanol and gasoline production processes and environmental effects based on a literature review and then synthesize the scale differences on space–time diagrams. Comprehensive assessment of any fuel-production system is a moving target, and our analysis shows that decisions regarding the selection of spatial and temporal boundaries of analysis have tremendous influences on the comparisons. Effects that strongly differentiate gasoline and ethanol-supply chains in terms of scale are associated with when and where energy resources are formed and how they are extracted. Although both gasoline and ethanol production may result in negative environmental effects, this study indicates that ethanol production traced through a supply chain may impact less area and result in more easily reversed effects of a shorter duration than gasoline production.

Vorheriger Artikel Environmental Indicators of Biofuel Sustainability: What About Context?

Nächster Artikel Advancing Sustainable Bioenergy: Evolving Stakeholder Interests and the Relevance of Research

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (2012) Annual summary of oil and hazardous substance spills, fiscal year 2011. Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, Juneau

Angles (2011) Roads into the wilderness. Atkins Angles 2011(7):35–36

API (1997) Remediation of salt-affected soils at oil and gas production facilities. API Publication Number 4663. American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC

APSC (2010) Alyeska Pipeline Service Company. http://www.alyeska-pipe.com/Default.asp. Accessed 9 Aug2010

Archer D (2005) Fate of fossil fuel CO₂ in geologic time. J Geophys Res 110(C9):S05CrossRef

Balat M (2011) Production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials via the biochemical pathway: a review. Energy Convers Manag 52(2):858–875CrossRef

Bals BD, Dale BE (2012) Developing a model for assessing biomass processing technologies within a local biomass processing depot. Bioresour Technol 106:161–169CrossRef

Bass AS (1999) Magnitude, distribution and impacts of accidental brine spills in the Louisiana Coastal Wetland Conservation Plan Area. AAPG Bull 83:1347–1348

Bayne EM, Boutin S, Trazcz B, Charest K (2005a) Functional and numerical responses of ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla) to changing seismic exploration practices in Alberta’s boreal forest. Ecoscience 12(2):216–222CrossRef

Bayne EM, Van Wilgenburg SL, Boutin S, Hobson KA (2005b) Modeling and field-testing of Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus) responses to boreal forest dissection by energy sector development at multiple spatial scales. Landsc Ecol 20:203–216CrossRef

BBC News (2006) Alaska hit by ‘massive’ oil spill. Published 11 March 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4795866.stm. Accessed 24 June 2012

Bechtel (2011) Jamnagar refinery. Bechtel Corporation. http://www.bechtel.com/jamnagar_refinery_expansion.html. Accessed 29 Mar 2011

Benítez-López A, Alkemade R, Verweij PA (2010) The impacts of roads and other infrastructure on mammal and bird populations: a meta-analysis. Biol Conserv 143(6):1307–1316CrossRef

Biello D (2010) How long will the Gulf of Mexico oil spill last? Scientific American. Issue 48

Birkinshaw SJ, Bathurst JC (2006) Model study of the relationship between sediment yield and river basin area. Earth Surf Proc Land 31(6):750–761CrossRef

BLM (2004) U.S. Bureau of Land Management maps for wells in New Mexico accessed in 2004

BLM (2012) January 2013 competitive oil and gas lease sale. Environmental Assessment DOI-BLM-NM-P010-2012-3848-EA. Bureau of Land Management, Pecos District Roswell Field Office. http://www.blm.gov/pgdata/etc./medialib/blm/nm/programs/0/og_sale_notices_and/2013/january_2013.Par.84753.File.dat/January%202013%20Oil%20and%20Gas%20Lease%20Sale%20EA_RFO.pdf. Accessed 19 Oct 2012

Burger J (1997) Oil spills. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick

CBES (2009) Land-use change and bioenergy: report from the 2009 workshop, ORNL/CBES-001, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy Sustainability

Chilingar GV, Endres B (2005) Environmental hazards posed by the Los Angeles Basin urban oilfields: an historical perspective of lessons learned. Environ Geol 47:302–317CrossRef

Chiu YW, Wu M (2012) Assessing county-level water footprints of different cellulosic-biofuel feedstock pathways. Environ Sci Technol 46:9155–9162CrossRef

Cleveland CJ (2010a) Deepwater horizon oil spill. In: Cleveland CJ (ed) Encyclopedia of earth. Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington, DC. http://www.eoearth.org. Accessed 20 Oct 2011

Cleveland C (2010b) Exxon Valdez oil spill. In: Cleveland CJ (ed) Encyclopedia of earth. Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington, DC. http://www.eoearth.org/. Accessed 20 Oct 2011

CONAP (2006) Plan Maestro 2007–2011: Parque Nacional Laguna del Tigre y Biotopo Laguna del Tigre-Río Escondido. Prepared by the Consejo Nacional de Areas Protegidas (CONAP), Alianza Kanteel, and Widlife Conservation Society. Reserva De La Biosfera Maya, Peten Guatemala, Nov 2006

Cott PA, Sibley PK, Somers WM, Lilly MR, Gordon AM (2008) A review of water level fluctuations on aquatic biota with an emphasis on fishes in ice-covered lakes. JAWRA 44(2):343–359

Couceiro SRM, Hamada N, Forsberg BR et al (2010) Effects of anthropogenic silt on aquatic macroinvertebrates and abiotic variables in streams in the Brazilian Amazon. J Soils Sediments 10(1):89–103CrossRef

County of Santa Barbara (2005) The official site of the County of Santa Barbara, Energy Division. www.countyofsb.org/energy/information/1969blowout.asp. Accessed 20 Oct 2011

Cronin MA, Amstrup SC, Durner GM, Noel LE, McDonald TL, Ballard WB (1998) Caribou distribution during the post-calving period in relation to infrastructure in the Prudhoe Bay oil field, Alaska. Arctic 51:85–93

Dale VH, Kline KL, Wiens J, Fargione J (2010a) Biofuels: implications for land use and biodiversity. Ecological Society of America Biofuels and Sustainability Report

Dale VH, Kling C, Meyer JL, Sanders J, Stallworth H, Armitage T et al (2010b) Hypoxia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Springer, New YorkCrossRef

Dale VH, Lowrance R, Mulholland P, Robertson GP (2010c) Bioenergy sustainability at the regional scale. Ecol Soc 15(4):23

Dale VH, Efroymson RA, Kline KL (2011a) The land use-climate change-energy nexus. Landsc Ecol 26:755–773CrossRef

Dale VH, Kline KL, Wright LL, Perlack RD, Downing M, Graham RL (2011b) Interactions among bioenergy feedstock choices, landscape dynamics and land use. Ecol Appl 21(4):1039–1054CrossRef

Dale VH, Efroymson RA, Kline KL, Langholtz MH, Leiby PN, Oladosu GA, Davis MR, Downing ME, Hilliard MR (in press) Indicators for assessing socioeconomic sustainability of bioenergy systems: a short list of practical measures. Ecol Indic. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.10.014

DeGange AR, Doroff AM, Monson DH (1994) Experimental recovery of sea otter carcasses at Kodiak Island, Alaska, following the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Marine Mamm Sci 10:492–496CrossRef

Dhondt AA, Wrege PH, Sydenstricker KV et al (2007) Avian species richness and reproduction in short rotation coppice habitats in central and western New York. Bird Study 54:12–22CrossRef

Dittrick P (2011) Shale gas subcommittee says states regulate effectively. Oil Gas J 109(17A):18–19

Drawe DL, Ortega IM (1996) Impacts of geophysical seismic survey vehicles on Padre Island National Seashore vegetation. Tex J Sci 48(2):107–118

Dunne BM, Quinn MS (2009) Effectiveness of above-ground pipeline mitigation for moose (Alces alces) and other large mammals. Biol Conserv 142:332–343CrossRef

Dwivedi P, Bailis R, Bush TG, Menescu M (2011) Quantifying GWI of wood pellet production in the Southern United States and Its subsequent utilization for electricity production in The Netherlands/Florida. Bioenergy Res 4(3):180–192CrossRef

Dyer SJ, O’Neill J, Wasel SM, Boutin S (2001) Avoidance of industrial development by woodland caribou. J Wildl Manag 65:531–542CrossRef

E&P Forum, UNEP IE (1997) Environmental management in oil and gas exploration and production. Oil Industry International Exploration and Production Forum Report 2.72/2.54 and United National Environment Programme Industry and Environment Centre Technical Report 37

Efroymson RA, Sample BE, Peterson MJ (2004a) Ecotoxicity test data for total petroleum hydrocarbons in soil: plants and soil-dwelling invertebrates. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 10:207–231CrossRef

Efroymson RA, Carlsen TM, Jager HI et al (2004b) Toward a framework for assessing risk to vertebrate populations from brine and petroleum spills at exploration and production sites. In: Kapustka L, Galbraith H, Luxon M, Biddinger GR (eds) Landscape ecology and wildlife habitat evaluation: critical information for ecological risk assessment, land-use management activities, and biodiversity enhancement practices, ASTM STP 1458. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, pp 261–285CrossRef

Efroymson RA, Dale VH, Kline KL, McBride AC, Bielicki JM, Smith RL, Parish ES, Schweizer PE, Shaw DM (this issue) Environmental indicators of biofuel sustainability: what about context? Environ Manag. doi:10.1007/s00267-012-9907-5

EIA (2009) Ranking of US refineries. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Washington, DC. http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/rankings/refineries.htm. Accessed 18 Nov 2009

EIA (2010) Petroleum navigator. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Washington, DC. http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_sum_top.asp. Accessed 8 Dec 2010

EIA (2011) Annual energy outlook for 2011 with projections to 2035. US Energy Information Administration. DOE/EIA-0383

EIA (2012) US energy information administration countries. www.eai.gov/countries. Accessed 14 Sept 2012

Emery IR, Mosier NS (2012) The impact of dry matter loss during herbaceous biomass storage on net greenhouse gas emissions from biofuels production. Biomass Bioenergy 39:237–246CrossRef

Epstein PR, Selber J (eds) (2002) Oil: A life cycle analysis of its health and environmental impacts. Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard Medical School, Boston

Eranki PL, Dale BE (2011) Comparative life cycle assessment of centralized and distributed biomass processing systems combined with mixed feedstock landscapes. Glob Chang Biol Bioenergy 3(6):427–438CrossRef

EU (2012) European Commission renewable energy targets by 2020. http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/targets_en.htm. Accessed 15 Feb 2012

Evans JM, Cohen MJ (2009) Regional water resource implications of bioethanol production in the southeastern United States. Glob Chang Biol 15:2261–2273CrossRef

Fairly P (2011) Introduction: next generation biofuels. Nature 474:S2–S5CrossRef

FAO IIASA (2007) Mapping biophysical factors that influence agricultural production and rural vulnerability. Food and Agriculture Organization and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Rome

FAOSTAT (2012) Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations interactive database. http://faostat2.fao.org. Accessed 17 Aug 2012

Fargione J, Hill J, Tilman D, Polasky S, Hawthorne P (2008) Land clearing and the biofuel carbon debt. Science 319:1235–1238CrossRef

Fefilova EB (2011) The state of a river in Pechora basin after an oil spill: assessment of changes in zooplankton community. Water Resour 38:637–649CrossRef

Fernando AL, Duarte MP, Almeida J, Boléo S, Mendes B (2010) Environmental impact assessment of energy crops cultivation in Europe. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 4:594–604CrossRef

Finer M, Orta-Martinez M (2010) A second hydrocarbon boom threatens the Peruvian Amazon: trends, projections, and policy implications. Environ Res Lett 5:014012CrossRef

FTC (2004) The petroleum industry: mergers, structural change, and antitrust enforcement. An FTC Staff Study, US Federal Trade Commission Bureau of Economics, Washington, DC

GAO (2007) Maritime security: federal efforts needed to address challenges in preventing and responding to terrorist attacks on energy commodity tankers, GAO-08-141. US Government Accountability Office, Washington, DC

Gariazzo C, Pelliccioni A, Di Filippo P, Sallusti F, Cecinato A (2005) Monitoring and analysis of volatile organic compounds around an oil refinery. Water Air Soil Pollut 167:17–38CrossRef

Gasda SE, Bachu S, Celia MA (2004) Spatial characterization of the location of potentially leaky wells penetrating a deep saline aquifer in a mature sedimentary basin. Environ Geol 46:707–720CrossRef

Gates V (2012) In unlikely turn, conservationists lobby to save Gulf oil rigs. Reuters Report from Birmingham, Alabama, 11 Sept 2012

Ginnebaugh D, Liang J, Jacobson M (2010) Examining the temperature dependence of ethanol (E85) versus gasoline emissions on air pollution with a largely-explicit chemical mechanism. Atmos Environ 44:1192–1199

Goldemberg J, Guardabassi P (2010) The potential for first-generation ethanol production from sugarcane. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 4(1):17–24CrossRef

Graham LA, Belisle SL, Baas C-L (2008) Emissions from light duty gasoline vehicles operating on low blend ethanol gasoline and E85. Atmos Environ 42(19):4498–4516CrossRef

Gray P (1990) Radioactive materials could pose problems for the gas industry. Oil Gas J 88(26):45–48

Greene DL (2010) Measuring energy sustainability, chap 20. In: Graedel TE, van der Voet E (eds) Strungmann Forum Report, Linkages of sustainability. MIT Press, Cambridge. ISBN: 0-262-01358-4

Greene DL, Boudreaux PR, Dean DJ et al (2010) The importance of advancing technology to America’s energy goals. Energy Policy 38:3886–3890CrossRef

GTI (2010) Feasibility of using plastic pipe for ethanol gathering. Gas Technology Institute Final Report for DOT/PHSMA project 254. Issued 28 May 2010

Hall CR, Spell RA (1991) Waste minimization program can reduce drilling costs. Oil Gas J 89(26):43–46

Hammerschlag R (2006) Ethanol’s energy return on investment: a survey of the literature 1990–present. Environ Sci Technol 40(6):1744–1750CrossRef

Haskell SP, Nielson RM, Ballard WB, Cronin MA, McDonald TL (2006) Dynamic responses of calving caribou to oilfields in northern Alaska. Arctic 59:179–190

Hayes D, Babcock B, Fabiosa J et al (2009) Biofuels: potential production capacity, effects on grain and livestock sectors, and implications for food prices and consumers. J Agric Appl Econ 41(2):465–491

HEC and CABI (2010) Land use change: science and policy review. Hart Energy Consulting and CABI

Hess JR, Wright CT, Kenney KL, Searcy EM (2009a) Uniform-format solid feedstock supply system: a commodity-scale design to produce an infrastructure-compatible bulk solid from lignocellulosic biomass—executive summary. Idaho National Laboratory Report INL/EXT-09-15423

Hess P, Johnston M, Brown-Steiner B, Holloway T, de Andrade J, Artaxo P (2009b) Air quality issues associated with biofuel production and use, chap 10. In: Howarth RW, Bringezu S (eds) Biofuels: environmental consequences and interactions with changing land use. Proceedings of the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) international biofuels project rapid assessment, pp 169–194

Hettema M, Papmichos E, Schutjens P (2002) Subsidence delay: field observations and analysis. Oil Gas Sci Technol 57(5):443–458CrossRef

Holloran MJ, Kaiser RC, Hubert WA (2010) Yearling greater sage-grouse response to energy development in Wyoming. J Wildl Manag 74:65–72CrossRef

Huggins DR, Karow RS, Collins HP, Ransom JK (2011) Introduction: evaluating long-term impacts of harvesting crop residues on soil quality. Agro J 103(1):230–233CrossRef

Hussain T, Gondal M (2008) Monitoring and assessment of toxic metals in Gulf War oil spill contaminated soil using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Environ Monit Assess 136(1):391–399CrossRef

Hyland J, Hardin D, Steinhauer M, Coats D, Green R, Neff J (1994) Environmental impact of offshore oil development on the outer continental shelf and slope off point Arguello, California. Marine Environ Res 37:195–229CrossRef

IAEA (2003) Radiation protection and the management of radioactive waste in the oil and gas industry. Safety Reports Series No. 34. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna

IEA (2011) Technology roadmap: biofuels for transport. International Energy Agency, Paris

IEA (2012) Energy technology perspectives 2012: pathways to a clean energy system. International Energy Agency, Paris

IOGCC (2009) Orphaned and abandoned wells: innovative solutions. Groundwork. J Interstate Oil Gas Compact Comm. October 2009 Issue

IPCC (2005) In: Metz B, Davidson O, de Coninck H, Loos M, Meyer L (eds) Carbon dioxide, capture and storage. Cambridge University Press, UK

IPCC (2007) Summary for policymakers. In: Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Tignor M, Miller HL (eds) Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

Iversen SA, Esler D (2010) Harlequin duck population injury and recovery dynamics following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill. Ecol Appl 20:1993–2006CrossRef

Jager HI, Efroymson RA, Sublette K, Ashwood TL (2005) Unnatural landscapes in ecology: generating the spatial distribution of brine spills. Environmetrics 16:687–698CrossRef

Jorgenson MT, Joyce MR (1994) 6 strategies for rehabilitating land disturbed by oil development in Arctic Alaska. Arctic 47:374–390

Karras G (2010) Combustion emissions from refining lower quality oil: what is the global warming potential? Environ Sci Technol 44(24):9584–9589CrossRef

Keeney D (2008) Ethanol USA. Environ Sci Technol 43(1):8–11CrossRef

Kell S (2011) State oil and gas agency groundwater investigations and their role in advancing regulatory reforms. A two-state review: Ohio and Texas. Report prepared for the Ground Water Protection Council

Kelm CH, Faul RR (1999) Well abandonment—a best practices approach can reduce environmental risk: SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, 20–22 April 1999, Jakarta. doi:10.2118/54344-MS

Khatib Z, Verbeek P (2003) Water to value—produced water management for sustainable field development of mature and green fields. J Petrol Technol 55(1):26–28

Khordagui H, Al-Ajmi D (1993) Environmental impact of the Gulf War: an integrated preliminary assessment. Environ Manag 17:557–562CrossRef

Kline KL, Dale VH (2008) Biofuels: effects on land and fire. Science 321:199CrossRef

Kline K, Dale VH, Lee R, Leiby P (2009) In defense of biofuels, done right. Issues Sci Technol 25:75–84

Kline KL, Oladosu GA, Dale VH, McBride AC (2011) Scientific analysis is essential to assess biofuel policy effects: in response to the paper by Kim and Dale on “Indirect land-use change for biofuels: testing predictions and improving analytical methodologies”. Biomass Bioenergy 35(10):4488–4491CrossRef

Kocoloski M, Griffin WM, Matthews HS (2011) Estimating national costs, benefits, and potential for cellulosic ethanol production from forest thinnings. Biomass Bioenergy 35(5):2133–2142CrossRef

Körbahti BK, Artut K (2010) Electrochemical oil/water demulsification and purification of bilge water using Pt/Ir electrodes. Desalination 258:219–228CrossRef

Kramer D (2011) Shale-gas extraction faces growing public and regulatory challenges. Phys Today 64(7):23–25CrossRef

Krauss C (2009) Ethanol, just recently a savior, is struggling. The New York Times. 12 Feb 2009

Kubach KM, Scott MC, Bulak JS (2011) Recovery of a temperate riverine fish assemblage from a major diesel oil spill. Freshw Biol 56(3):503–518CrossRef

Lal R (2004) Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change. Geoderma 123:1–22CrossRef

Lee P, Boutin S (2006) Persistence and developmental transitions of wide seismic lines in the western Boreal Plains of Canada. J Environ Manag 78:240–250CrossRef

Leiby PN, Rubin J (in press) Energy security implications of a national low carbon fuel standard. Energy Policy

Levin RB, Epstein PR, Ford TE, Harrington W, Olson E, Reichard EG (2002) US drinking water challenges in the twenty-first century. Environ Health Perspect 110(1):43–52CrossRef

Li H, Boufadel MC (2010) Long-term persistence of oil from the Exxon Valdez spill in two-layer beaches. Nat Geosci 3(2):96–99CrossRef

Li J, McAteer P (2000) Urban oil spills as a non-point pollution source in the Golden Horseshoe of southern Ontario. Water Qual Res J Can 35(3):331–340

Lin Q, Mendelssohn IA (2012) Impacts and recovery of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on vegetation structure and function of coastal salt marshes in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Environ Sci Technol 46:3737–3743CrossRef

Loughlin TR (1994) Marine mammals and the Exxon Valdez. Academic Press, San Diego

Lucas Z, MacGregor C (2006) Characterization and source of oil contamination on the beaches and seabird corpses, Sable Island, Nova Scotia, 1996–2005. Marine Pollut Bull 52(7):778–789CrossRef

LUMCON (2012) Hypoxia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico explained by the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON). http://www.gulfhypoxia.net/Overview/. Accessed 20 June 2012

Lynd LR, Woods J (2011) Perspective: a new hope for Africa. Nature 474:S20–S21CrossRef

Lyon AG, Anderson SH (2003) Potential gas development impacts on sage grouse nest initiation and movement. Wildl Soc Bull 31(2):486–491

Macdonald IR, Guinasso NL Jr, Ackleson SG, Amos JF, Duckworth R, Sassen R, Brooks JM (1993) Natural oil slicks in the Gulf of Mexico visible from space. J Geogr Res 98(C9):16,351–16364

MacFarlane A (2003) Vegetation response to seismic lines: edge effects and on-line succession. MSc thesis in Environmental Biology and Ecology prepared at the University of Alberta

Maila MP, Cloete TE (2004) Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons through landfarming: are simplicity and cost-effectiveness the only advantages? Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 3:349–360CrossRef

Manual J (2010) EPA tackles fracking. Environ Health Perspect 118(5):A199CrossRef

Matkin CO, Saulifis EL, Ellis GM, Olesiuk P, Rice SD (2008) Ongoing population-level impacts on killer whales Orcinus orca following the ‘Exxon Valdez’ oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Marine Ecol Prog Ser 356:269–281CrossRef

McBride AC, Dale VH, Baskaran LM, Downing ME, Eaton LM, Efroymson RA, Garten CT Jr, Kline KL, Jager HI, Mulholland PJ, Parish ES, Schweizer PE, Storey JM (2011) Indicators to support environmental sustainability of bioenergy systems. Ecol Ind 11:1277–1289CrossRef

Mendelssohn IA, Hester MW, Sasser C, Fischel M (1990) The effect of a Louisiana crude oil discharge from a pipeline break on the vegetation of a southeast Louisiana brackish marsh. Oil Chem Pollut 7:1–15CrossRef

Mendelssohn IA, Andersen GL, Baltz DM, Caffey RH, Carman KR, Fleeger JW, Joye SB, Lin Q, Maltby E, Overton EB, Rozas LP (2012) Oil impacts on coastal wetlands: implications for the Mississippi River Delta ecosystem after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. BioScience 62(6):562–574CrossRef

Michel J, Nixon Z, Dahlin J, Betenbaugh D, White M, Burton D, Turley S (2009) Recovery of interior brackish marshes seven years after the Chalk Point oil spill. Marine Pollut Bull 58:995–1006CrossRef

Miskimins JL (2009) Design and life-cycle considerations for unconventional-reservoir wells. Soc Petrol Eng Prod Oper 24(2):353–359

Mitchell R, Vogel KP, Sarath G (2008) Managing and enhancing switchgrass as a bioenergy feedstock. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 2(6):530–539CrossRef

Montana’s Board of Oil and Gas (2011) Montana Department of Natural Resources Board of Oil and Gas Information System website. http://bogc.dnrc.mt.gov/gisdata/. Accessed 2 Dec 2011

Morton RA, Bernier JC, Barras JA (2006) Evidence of regional subsidence and associated interior wetland loss induced by hydrocarbon production, Gulf Coast region, USA. Environ Geol 50:261–274CrossRef

MSNBC (2010) US: 3,500 unused Gulf wells must be plugged. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39195347/ns/us_news-environment/t/us-unused-gulf-wells-must-be-plugged/. Accessed 21 Nov 2011

Mullins KA, Griffin WM, Matthews HS (2010) Policy implications of uncertainty in the model life cycle greenhouse gas emissions about fields. Environ Sci Technol 45(1):132–138CrossRef

Nagel NB (2001) Compaction and subsidence issues within the petroleum industry: from Wilmington to Ekofisk and beyond. Phys Chem Earth 26:3–14CrossRef

National Commission (2011) Deep water: the Gulf oil disaster and the future of offshore drilling. A Report to the President prepared by the National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling. ISBN: 978-0-16-087371-3

Natural Resources Canada (2009) Petroleum products distribution networks. http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/energy/sources/infrastructure/1490 Accessed 19 Oct 2012

Neff JM, Boehm PD, Haensly WE (1985) Petroleum contamination and biochemical alterations in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) from bays impacted by the Amoco Cadiz crude oil spill. Marine Environ Res 17:281–283CrossRef

Nelson RG, Walsh M, Sheehan JJ, Graham R (2004) Methodology for estimating removal quantities for agricultural residues for bioenergy and bioproduct use. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 113:13–26CrossRef

Nicot J-P (2009) A survey of oil and gas wells in the Texas Gulf Coast, USA, and implications for geological sequestration of CO₂. Environ Geol 57(7):1625–1638CrossRef

Niemi GJ, DeVote P, Detenbeck N, Taylor D, Yount JD, Lima A, Pastor J, Naiman RJ (1990) Overview of case studies on recovery of aquatic systems from disturbance. Environ Manag 14:571–588CrossRef

Nijsen M, Smeets E, Stehfest E, Van Vuuren DP (2012) An evaluation of the global potential of bioenergy production on degraded lands. Glob Chang Biol Bioenergy 4(2):130–147CrossRef

Niven RK (2005) Ethanol in gasoline: environmental impacts and sustainability review article. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 9(6):535–555CrossRef

Nordbotten JM, Kavetski D, Celia MA, Bachu S (2009) Model for CO₂ leakage including multiple geological layers and multiple leaky wells. Environ Sci Technol 43:743–749CrossRef

North Dakota (2011) North Dakota oil gas and coal producing counties. North Dakota Department of Mineral Resources presentation dated 6 October 2011. https://www.dmr.nd.gov/oilgas/presentations/NDOGCPC2011-10-06.pdf. Accessed 19 Mar 2012

North Dakota (2012) Surface Owner Info Center. North Dakota Petroleum Council. http://www.ndoil.org/?id=184#8. Accessed 22 Mar 2012

NPR (2010) How much oil really spilled from Exxon Valdez. National Public Radio transcript. 18 June 2010

NPS (2011) Draft non-federal oil and gas management plan/environmental impact statement for the big south fork National River and Recreation Area (NRRA) and Obed Wild and Scenic River (WSR). Prepared by the US National Park Service (NPS), June 2011

NRC (2003) Oil in the sea III: inputs, fates, and effects. Committee on Oil in the Sea: Inputs, Fates, and Effects. Report by the National Resource Council (NRC) Ocean Studies Board, Marine Board, and Transportation Research Board, National Academies Press

NRC (2012) Induced seismicity potential in energy technologies. Committee on Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies. National Academies Press, Washington, DC

NSB (2009) Building a sustainable energy future: US actions for an effective national energy economy transformation. National Science Board, NSB-09-55

NSDSS (2012) North Slope Decision Support (NSDSS) for water resources planning and management. http://nsdss.ine.uaf.edu/index.html Accessed 9 Sept 2012

NTSB (2012) National Transportation Safety Board website. www.ntsb.gov Accessed 20 Oct 2012

OECD-FAO (2011) Biofuels, chap 3. OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2011–2020. http://www.agri-outlook.org/dataoecd/23/56/48178823.pdf. Accessed 20 Mar 2012

Oladosu G, Kline K, Uria-Martinez R, Eaton L (2011) Sources of corn for ethanol production in the United States: a decomposition analysis of the empirical data. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 5(6):640–653CrossRef

O’Rourke DO, Connolly S (2003) Just oil? The distribution of environmental and social impacts of oil production and consumption. Annu Rev Environ Resour 28:587–617CrossRef

Orta-Martinez M, Finer M (2010) Oil frontiers and indigenous resistance in the Peruvian Amazon. Ecol Econ 70(2):207–218CrossRef

Osborn SG, Vengosh A, Warner NR, Jackson RB (2011) Methane contamination of drinking water accompanying gas-well drilling and hydraulic fracturing. Proc Natl Acad Soc USA 108(20):8172–8176CrossRef

Ouyang W, Fang-Hua H, Yongshuo F et al (2008) Desert disturbance assessments of regional oil exploitation by Aster and ETM plus images in Taklimakan Desert China. Environ Monit Assess 144:159–168CrossRef

Oviatt C, Frithsen J, Gearing J, Gearing P (1982) Low chronic additions of No. 2 fuel oil: chemical behavior, biological impact and recovery in a simulated estuarine environment. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 9:121–136CrossRef

Parish ES, Hilliard M, Baskaran LM et al (2012) Multimetric spatial optimization of switchgrass plantings across a watershed. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 6(1):58–72CrossRef

Parrish DJ, Fike JH (2005) The biology and agronomy of switchgrass for biofuels. Crit Rev Plant Sci 24:423–459CrossRef

Pate R, Hightower M, Cameron C, Einfeld W (2007) Overview of energy-water interdependencies and the emerging energy demands on water resources. Sandia National Laboratories Report SAND 2007-1349C

Pelley J (2001) Will drilling for oil disrupt the Arctic national wildlife refuge? Environ Sci Technol 35(11):240A–247ACrossRef

PetroStrategies (2011) PetroStrategies, Inc. Learning Center information on Oil Transportation. http://www.petrostrategies.org/Learning_Center/oil_transportation.htm. Accessed 23 Oct 2011

Powers SE, Hunt CS, Heermann SE, Corseuil HX, Rice D, Alvarez PJJ (2001) The transport and fate of ethanol and BTEX in groundwater contaminated by gasohol. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 31(1):79–123CrossRef

Purvin & Gertz Inc (2008) Study on oil refining and oil markets. Prepared for European Commission. Buenos Aires. http://ec.europa.eu/energy/oil/studies/doc/2008_01_oil_refining_oil_markets.pdf Accessed 19 Oct 2012

Quinn LD, Allen DJ, Stewart JR (2010) Invasiveness potential of Miscanthus sinensis: implications for bioenergy production in the United States. Glob Chang Biol Bioenergy 2(6):310–320CrossRef

Rabalais NN, Turner RE, Dortch Q et al (2002) Nutrient-enhanced productivity in the northern Gulf of Mexico: past, present and future. Hydrobiologia 475(1):39–63CrossRef

Rabanal LI, Kuehl HS, Mundry R et al (2010) Oil prospecting and its impact on large rainforest mammals in Loango National Park, Gabon. Biol Conserv 143(4):1017–1024CrossRef

Ramirez P Jr (2010) Bird mortality in oil field wastewater disposal facilities. Environ Manag 46(5):820–826CrossRef

Redondo JM, Platonov AK (2009) Self-similar distribution of oil spills in European coastal waters. Environ Res Lett 4:014008CrossRef

Rettenmaier N, Koppen S, Gartner SO, Reinhardt GA (2010) Life cycle assessment of selected future energy crops for Europe. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 4:620–636CrossRef

RFA (2010) Ethanol industry statistics. Renewable Fuels Association, Washington, DC. http://www.ethanolrfa.org/pages/statistics. Accessed 18 Nov 2010

RFA (2012) Statistics. Renewable Fuels Association, Washington, DC. http://www.ethanolrfa.org/pages/statistics Accessed 5 Oct 2012

Rich AC, Dobkin DS, Niles LJ (1994) Defining forest fragmentation by corridor width—the influence of narrow forest-dividing corridors on forest-nesting birds in Southern New Jersey. Conserv Biol 8(4):1109–1121CrossRef

Richard TL (2010) Challenges in scaling up biofuels infrastructure. Science 329(5993):793–796CrossRef

Richardson WJ, Würsig B, Greene CR Jr (1990) Reactions of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, to drilling and dredging noise in the Canadian Beaufort Sea. Marine Environ Res 29:135–160CrossRef

Ridley CE, Clark CM, LeDuc SD et al (2012) Biofuels: network analysis of the literature reveals key environmental and economic unknowns. Environ Sci Technol 46(3):1309–1315CrossRef

Robertson GP, Dale VH, Doering OC et al (2008) Sustainable biofuels redux. Science 322(5898):49–50. doi:10.1126/science.1161525 CrossRef

Robertson BA, Doran PJ, Loomis LR, Robertson JR, Schemske DW (2011) Perennial biomass feedstocks enhance avian diversity. Glob Chang Biol Bioenergy 3:235–246CrossRef

Rosa EA, Dietz T (2012) Human drivers of natural greenhouse-gas emissions. Nat Clim Chang 2:581–586CrossRef

Roth AM, Sample DW, Ribic CA et al (2005) Grassland bird response to harvesting switchgrass as a biomass energy crop. Biomass Bioenergy 28(5):490–498CrossRef

Rowe RL, Street NR, Taylor G (2009) Identifying potential environmental impacts of large-scale deployment of dedicated bioenergy crops in the UK. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 13(1):260–279CrossRef

Ruiz-Aguilar GML, Fernandez-Sanchez JM, Kane SR, Kim D, Alvarez PJJ (2002) Effect of ethanol and methyl-tert-butyl ether on monoaromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation: response variability for aquifer materials under various electron-accepting conditions. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(12):2631–2639

Sage R, Cunningham M, Haughton AJ et al (2010) The environmental impacts of biomass crops: use by birds of Miscanthus in summer and winter in southwestern England. IBIS 152:487–499CrossRef

Schneider RR (2002) Alternative futures: Alberta’s boreal forest at the crossroads. “The petroleum sector today”, chap 4 ISBN 0-9696134-4-X

Scown CD, Horvath A, McKone TE (2011) Water footprint of US transportation fuels. Environ Sci Technol 45:2541–2553CrossRef

Short JW, Irvine GW, Mann DH et al (2007) Slightly weathered Exxon Valdez oil persists in Gulf of Alaska Beach sediments after 16 years. Environ Sci Technol 41(4):1245–1250CrossRef

Simmers SM, Galatowitsch SM (2010) Factors affecting revegetation of oil field access roads in semiarid grassland. Restor Ecol 18:27–39CrossRef

Simpson TW, Sharpley AN, Howarth RW, Paerl HW, Mankin KR (2008) The new gold rush: fueling ethanol production while protecting water quality. J Environ Qual 37(2):318–324CrossRef

Sorkin YG (1975) The petroleum refining industry and environmental pollution. Chem Technol Fuels Oils 11:286–289CrossRef

Stephens JC (2006) Growing interest in carbon capture and storage (CCS) for climate change mitigation. Sustain: Sci Pract Policy 2(2):4–61

Streever B (2002) Science and emotion, on ice: the role of science on Alaska’s North slope. BioScience 52(2):179–184CrossRef

Tan J, Pelletier D (2009) Canadian gas plant handles NORM in replacing C(3) treater’s mol sieve. Oil Gas J 107(25):59

Tankard AJ, Suárez Soruco R,Welsink HJ (1995) Petroleum basins of South America. American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Memoir 62. Published jointly in Tulsa, Oklahoma by the AAPG and the Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales Bolivianos, Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Bolivia

ten Kate K, Bishop J, Bayon R (2004) Biodiversity offsets: views, experience, and the business case. IUCN, Gland and Insight Investment, London

Thomas MA, Engel BA, Chaubey I (2011) Multiple corn stover removal rates for cellulosic biofuels and long-term water quality impacts. J Soil Water Conserv 66:431–444CrossRef

Thompson C (2011) Oil groups go to the ends of the earth. Financial Times. 19 May 2011. www.ft.com

Tolbert VR, Todd DE, Mann LK et al (2002) Changes in soil quality and belowground carbon storage with conversion of traditional agricultural crop lands to bioenergy crop production. Environ Pollut 116:97–106CrossRef

Trucco C, Schuur EAG, Natali SM et al (2012) Seven-year trends of CO₂ exchange in a tundra ecosystem affected by long-term permafrost thaw. J Geophys Res Biogeosci 117. doi:10.1029/2011JG001907

Truett JC, Johnson SR (eds) (2000) The natural history of an Arctic oil field: development and the biota. Academic Press, San Diego

Turetsky MR, Wieder RK, Vitt DH (2002) Boreal peatland C fluxes under varying permafrost regimes. Soil Biol Biochem 34(7):907–912CrossRef

Turner MG, Gardner RH, O’Neill RV (2001) Landscape ecology in theory and practice: pattern and process. Springer, New York

UNEP (2011) Environmental assessment of Ogoniland. United Nations Environment Programme Report, Nairobi. Report released 4 Aug 2011

USDA (2007) Ethanol transportation backgrounder: expansion of US corn-based ethanol from the agricultural transportation perspective. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Washington, DC. http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfile?dDocName=STELPRDC5063605. Accessed 15 Nov 2010

USDA (2010a) Biofuels transportation. In: Study of rural transportation issues, chap 4. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Washington, DC http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/RuralTransportationStudy

USDA (2010b) Study of rural transportation issues. Agricultural Marketing Service, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/RuralTransportationStudy. Accessed 20 Nov 2010

USDOE (2010) Biomass multi-year program plan. Revised Nov 2010. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/pdfs/biomass_mypp_november2010.pdf. Accessed 18 Jan 2011

USDOE (2011) US billion-ton update: biomass supply for a bioenergy and bioproducts industry. In: Perlack RD, Stokes BJ (Leads), ORNL/TM-2011/224. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge

USEPA (2009a) National water quality inventory: report to congress: 2004 reporting cycle. EPA-841-R-08-001

USEPA (2009b) Biofuels compendium. http://www.epa.gov/oust/altfuels/bfcompend.htm. Accessed 15 Nov 2009

USEPA (2010a) Radioactive wastes from oil and gas drilling. http://www.epa.gov/radtown/drilling-waste.html. Accessed 23 Oct 2011

USEPA (2010b) Renewable fuel standard program (RFS2) Regulatory impact analysis. Assessment and Standards Division, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Washington, DC. US Environmental Protection Agency Report EPA-420-R-10-006

USEPA (2012) US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) underground storage tanks website. http://www.epa.gov/oust/index.htm. Accessed 15 Feb 2012

Vaht R, Mayes W, Luud A (2011) Impact of oil shale mining on flow regimes in Northeast Estonia. Mine Water Environ 30(4):284–295CrossRef

van Dyke F, Klein WC (1996) Response of elk to installation of oil wells. J Mammal 77(4):1028–1041CrossRef

Vance T, Doel R (2010) Graphical methods and cold war scientific practice: the stommel diagram’s intriguing journey from the physical to the biological environmental sciences. Hist Stud Nat Sci 40(1):1–47

Veil JA, Puder MG, Elcock D, Redweik RJ Jr (2004) A white paper describing produced water from production of crude oil, natural gas, and coal bed methane, prepared by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) for the US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Jan 2004

Walker DA, Webber PJ, Binnian EF, Everett KR, Lederer ND, Nordstrand EA, Walker MD (1987) Cumulative impacts of oil fields on Northern Alaska landscapes. Science 238(4828):757–761CrossRef

Wallington TJ, Anderson JE, Mueller SA, Morris EK, Winkler S, Ginder J, Nielson CJ (2012) Corn ethanol production, food exports, and indirect land use change. Environ Sci Technol 46(11):6379–6384

Walters CJ, Hilborn R (1978) Ecological optimization and adaptive management. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 9:157–188CrossRef

Wang Z, Fingas M, Blenkinsopp S et al (1998) Comparison of oil composition changes due to biodegradation and physical weathering in different oils. J Chromatogr A 809:89–107CrossRef

Wang M, Wu M, Huo H (2007) Life-cycle energy and greenhouse gas emission impacts of different corn ethanol plant types. Environ Res Lett 2:1–13CrossRef

Wang M, Hong H, Arora S (2011) Methods of dealing with co-products of biofuels in the life-cycle analysis and consequent results within the U.S. context. Energy Policy 39:5726–5736CrossRef

Wellisch M, Jungmeier G, Karbowski A, Patel MK, Rogulska M (2010) Biorefinery systems—potential contributors to sustainable innovation. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 4:275–286CrossRef

Wiese FK, Montevecchi WA, Davoren GK, Huettmann F, Diamond AW, Linke J (2001) Seabirds at risk around offshore oil platforms in the North-west Atlantic. Marine Pollut Bull 42:1285–1290CrossRef

Williams PRD, Inman D, Aden A, Heath GA (2009) Environmental and sustainability factors associated with next-generation biofuels in the US: what do we really know? Environ Sci Technol 43(13):4763–4775CrossRef

Wu M, Mintz M, Wang M, Arora S (2009) Water consumption in the production of ethanol and petroleum gasoline. Environ Manag 44:981–997CrossRef

Yanowitz J, McCormick R (2009) Effect of E85 on tailpipe emissions from light-duty vehicles. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 59:172–182CrossRef

Yeh S, Berndes G, Mishra GS et al (2011) Evaluation of water use for bioenergy at different scales. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 5:361–374CrossRef

Zimmerman PK, Robert JD (1991) Oil-based drill cuttings treated by landfarming. Oil Gas J 89(32):81–84

Titel: Comparing Scales of Environmental Effects from Gasoline and Ethanol Production
verfasst von: Esther S. Parish
Keith L. Kline
Virginia H. Dale
Rebecca A. Efroymson
Allen C. McBride
Timothy L. Johnson
Michael R. Hilliard
Jeffrey M. Bielicki
Publikationsdatum: 01.02.2013
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Environmental Management / Ausgabe 2/2013
Print ISSN: 0364-152X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9983-6

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2013

Advancing Sustainable Bioenergy: Evolving Stakeholder Interests and the Relevance of Research

Communicating About Bioenergy Sustainability

Analysis of Appropriate Timescales for Water Diversion Permits in Brazil

Erratum to: Landscape-Scale Factors Affecting Feral Horse Habitat Use During Summer Within The Rocky Mountain Foothills

The Rise and Fall of a Second-Generation CBNRM Project in Zambia: Insights from a Project Perspective

Environmental Indicators of Biofuel Sustainability: What About Context?