Conceptual and Mathematical Modeling

In many coastal aquifers, intrusion of seawater has become one of the major constraints affecting groundwater management. As seawater intrusion progresses, existing pumping wells, especially close to the coast, become saline and have to be abandoned, thus, reducing the value of the aquifer as a source of freshwater. Also, the area above the intruding seawater wedge is lost as a source of water (by natural replenishment). A detailed review of exploitation, restoration, and management of fresh groundwater in coastal aquifers is presented in Chapter 4, as well as in other chapters throughout this volume.