9. Conclusion

A compelling case is made to adapt and improve the ability of Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework to predict planned, purposeful and orderly non-incremental policymaking in majoritarian parliamentary jurisdictions. New Institutionalist, institutional rational choice and network literatures are used, in addition to Kingdon’s Framework, to explain what happened in two case studies of pay-for-performance policymaking in general practice in England and New Zealand between 2001 and 2007. Rare rich descriptions of public policymaking in the general practice sub-systems of these two countries are delivered, offering many insights of both practical and theoretical assistance to those interested in the dynamics of policymaking.