nach oben

Erschienen in:

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

6. Contracts and Pay at St Paul’s Cathedral, and at the Office of the King’s Works

verfasst von : Judy Z. Stephenson

Erschienen in: Contracts and Pay

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

This chapter presents a significant proportion of the new evidence presented by this book using the day books of William Kempster, the mason contractor responsible for the south west tower, west front, geometric staircase, and library, at St Paul’s Cathedral in the decade after 1700. It shows that men were paid different rates to the day rates billed to institutions, and that labourers and craftsmen’s pay was lower than previously assumed.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel What did Bosses (in London Construction) do?

Nächstes Kapitel Pay at Bridge House, Westminster Bridge, and Middle Temple

See Campbell, Building St Paul’s, Chap. 1; Moffett, Fazio, and Wodehouse, A World History of Architecture, pp. 392–419; Beard, Craftsmen and Interior Decoration in England 1660–1820, pp. 117–120; Volumes XIII–XVI of the Wren Society.

The original account books with the Labourers names can be seen at LMA CLC/313/I/B/003/MS25473 nos. 11–41; Wren Society, Vol. XVI, pp. 139–180.

It is fully discussed, however, in the work of Campbell, see ‘Seventeenth-Century Bricklayers’ contracts’; ‘The Finances of the Carpenter in England’; ‘Building a Fortune’.

TNA C 106/145.

The Cathedral’s accounts at LMA CLC/313/B/I/003/25473 nos. 10–42, Kempster’s bills book nos. 36–42.

Campbell, Building St Paul’s, pp. 72, 103–104 gives the most accessible visual schema of the mason’s contracts. See also John Schofield, ‘St Paul’s Cathedral’, pp. 48–51 also.

The St Paul’s call books are at the LMA CLC/313/I/B/003/25471 and 25473.

Boulton, ‘Wage Labour’.

Kreuger and Hall, ‘Evidence on the Determinants of Choice Between Wage Posting and Wage Bargaining’; Hanna Brenzel, Hermann Gartner, and Claus Schnabel, ‘Wage Bargaining or Wage Posting? Evidence from the Employers’ Side’.

LMA CLC/313/I/B/003/25473.

Wren Society, Vol. XVI, pp. 149–153.

See discussion of Boulton and Gilboy in Chap. 1 above. Also, it is possible that some of the men paid by Kempster at 18d. per day were charged out as masons.

Knoop and Jones, The London Mason, Appendix C, p. 75.

Wren Society, Vol. XV, ‘Introduction’, pp. xiii–xvi.

Wren Society, Vol. XV, pp. xiv.

Wren Society, Vol. XV, pp. xxiii–xxiv, xxxix.

Westminster Abbey Muniments 34513, however, craving was mostly paid for by the measure, not as day work.

LMA CLC/313/I/B/003/25473 no. 41, p. 12, July 1708.

LMA MS 9172/113; Will Number: 100.

Boulton, ‘Wage Labour’.

See Allen, ‘Prices and Wages’. Current average income estimates assume 250 days’ work per year for urban workers. Clark estimates 300 in The Condition of the Working Class.

See de Vries, The Industrious Revolution; Allen and Weisdorf, ‘Was There an Industrious Revolution Before the Industrial Revolution’; for a summary of estimates see Broadberry et al., British Economic Growth, pp. 263–265.

Voth, ‘Time Use in Eighteenth Century London’, p. 38.

Voth, ‘Time and Work in Eighteenth-Century England’, pp. 37–39.

Ibid., pp. 47–49.

Lang, Rebuilding St Paul’s, p. 81. This sort of day differs from the system in the Dutch Republic where ‘shoften’ were punctuated by three breaks throughout the day: de Vries, ‘An Employer’s Guide to Wages and Working Conditions in the Netherlands’, pp. 47–64.

In folder ACCVOUBI MT.2/TUT, Middle Temple Archives.

St Paul’s labourers were still paid 18d. in summer and 16d. in winter at this time.

Voth actually notes eating or break times of 1.5 hours, in ‘Time and Work in Eighteenth-Century London’, n. 31, but since 3 hours is ¼ of a day in the Middle Temple accounts described here, more than 1 hours break seems unlikely; therefore, I accept Voth’s figure of 11 hours per day as generally applicable.

Freudenberger and Cummins, ‘Health, Work, and Leisure’, p. 9.

The literature indicates that the trend from the beginning of the nineteenth century was a reduction in hours from eleven, through ten, toward eight with a half day on Saturdays; Postgate, Builder’s History, pp. 97, 135–136.

See Woodward, Men at Work, pp. 132–141.

Perloff, ‘Duration of Unemployment in the Construction Industry’, pp. 113–118; Anagboso, ‘Understanding the Divergence Between Output and Employment in the UK Construction Industry’, pp. 42–51.

See Allen, ‘Prices and Wages’, which calculates annual income on 250 days a year at the charge-out rate.

Gilboy, Wages in England, p. 254. See the discussion of Tuffnell in Chap. 2 above.

See Calendar of Treasury Books, Vol. 17, 1702, p. 1061 for nearly three years of unpaid wages and costs for clerks of works.

TNA WORK 5/1.

TNA WORK 5/36, Whitehall, March 1681/2, and throughout.

Colvin, The History of the King’s Works, Vol. V, Appendix D, pp. 471–473.

See Hutchins, ‘Notes’. Charge out rates.

TNA WORK 5/21.

TNA WORK 5/1; 36; 53.

Colvin et al., The History of the King’s Works, Vol. V, p. 93.

C. Powell, The British Building Industry Since 1800, pp. 30–36.

Hutchins, ‘Notes’; V&A RIBA CHA3/1, TNA WORK 5/82; 83.

C. Powell, The British Building Industry Since 1800, pp. 30–36.

Colvin et al., The History of the King’s Works, pp. 105–107.

Titel: Contracts and Pay at St Paul’s Cathedral, and at the Office of the King’s Works
verfasst von: Judy Z. Stephenson
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Contracts and Pay
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-57507-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-57508-7

Copyright-Jahr: 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57508-7_6

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Premium Partner