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Current Directions in ICT and Society

IFIP TC9 50th Anniversary Anthology

herausgegeben von: Christopher Leslie, David Kreps

Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland

Buchreihe : IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This project was motivated by the upcoming fiftieth anniversary of the IFIP Human Choice and Computers (HCC) conference, the event that led to IFIP’s Technical Committee 9 (TC 9). Although IFIP committees are mainly technical, TC 9 is dedicated to research at the intersection of information and communication technology (ICT) with society. In addition to sponsoring HCC, TC 9 supports groups that have specific research interests. In consultation with their members, the leaders of each group offer chapters about their groups’ history and goals. An additional chapter describes TC 9’s formation, and an appendix details the national groups that work closely with TC 9. Overall, this volume is a useful guide to the historical development of research on ICT and society, providing readers with important reference works and relevant themes, and also points to likely new trends in these domains.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Introduction

Legacies of the Formation of IFIP Technical Committee 9

Abstract

This chapter considers how the organizational structure of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) influenced the format of the first Human Choice and Computers (HCC) conference. Almost 50 years ago, the first HCC conference demonstrated the efficacy of an international, interdisciplinary, multistakeholder process to study the mutual impact of computing technologies and society. This organizational structure has had a lasting impact on IFIP’s Technical Committee 9, whose constituent groups are the backbone of the present volume.

Christopher Leslie, David Kreps

Toward an Ethical and Accountable Society

Working Group 9.2: Social Accountability and Computing

Abstract

From the beginning (established in 1977) of IFIP Working Group 9.2: Social Accountability and Computing (WG 9.2), the aim has been involving people from different backgrounds to work toward a better world by endorsing the responsible and ethical use of computers and information technologies. Computers and other digital technologies have raised different topics during the history of the working group. Society has been facing all the time a growing amount of problematic issues that computers brought to us. Our digitalized society is such that social accountability seems to remain an important approach – or even more important – when we are facing topics such as data economy, artificial intelligence, and sustainability of technology.

Jani Koskinen, Anne-Marie Tuikka, Chris Zielinski, Kai Kimppa, Diane Whitehouse, Julie Cameron

A Common Ground for Developing a Global Conscience

SIG 9.2.2: Ethical Frameworks and Codes of Ethics

Abstract

This paper illustrates the evolution of how a professional organization learned to recognize and manage its social and ethical responsibility with a specific focus on the roles and contributions of IFIP’s Ethical Frameworks Special Interest Group (SIG 9.2.2). IFIP’s decades-long journey to adopting an international code of computing ethics revealed issues faced by any organization trying to express its moral values in a code of ethics, how to develop them, and how they can be used. Illustrating the development of this code in the rapidly changing ICT profession also uncovers ways to design aspirational codes which can be used in making ethical judgements about how to use technology and which technology to use. Suggestions for how to support a code once it is adopted and code decision-support tools developed in this process are also presented.

Don Gotterbarn

Past Practices, Current Debates and Disputes: Future Engagements and Opportunities Regarding Digital Transformation for Sustainable Development

Working Group 9.4: Implications of Information and Digital Technologies for Development

Abstract

This chapter provides a historical account of the development of Working Group 9.4 from its inception in 1988 to the present day. The intellectual and practical issues that have drawn our attention, as well as the debates and disputes that we have had for over thirty years, are elicited and discussed. More attention is paid to the current opportunities and challenges that enthuse us, and to the impacts that we hope to exert through our work. The chapter concludes with an eye to the future and how the working group may yet develop. The sixteen co-authors of the chapter reflect on how the field of development has morphed over time and on the directions that are opening up.

Robert M. Davison, Antonio Díaz Andrade, Arlene Bailey, Ephias Ruhode, Geoff Walsham, Jean-Paul van Belle, Judy van Biljon, Kutoma Wakunuma, Kyung Ryul Park, Luiz A. Joia, Manoj Thomas, Neki Frasheri, P. J. Wall, Renata Lèbre La Rovere, Silvia Masiero, Stan Karanasios

From Technology and Virtuality to “Our Digital Lives”

Working Group 9.5: Our Digital Lives

Abstract

Following the work of scholars who see technology as intertwined with society, in this chapter we start with the history of our revamped working group, WG 9.5: Our Digital Lives, summarizing main activities by each chair, followed by a discussion of themes that we see as relevant to our group today. The chapter continues with some thoughts on future research about ‘our digital lives’ and our thoughts on what we could achieve in the future.

Petros Chamakiotis, Brad McKenna, Kathrin Bednar, Hameed Chughtai

The Future of the History of Computing

Working Group 9.7: History of Computing

Abstract

Founded in 1992, IFIP Working Group 9.7 is dedicated to three themes in the history of computing: pedagogy, regional/transnational histories, and public engagement. The synergies among the three suggest a novel aspect of the working group. For instance, local museums and archives can improve the stories about regional histories. What is more, educators can enhance the experience of their students by using museums and archival materials in the classroom. Our future work will be to increase our visibility in these three domains, developing pedagogies that use museum and archival collections, helping to overcome some of the biases that prevent engagement with solutions to climate change, and enhancing attention to diversity, equity, and inclusion.

Christopher Leslie

From Women to Gender and Diversity

Working Group 9.8: Gender, Diversity, and ICT

Abstract

In this chapter, we look carefully into the genealogy and formation of WG 9.8: Gender, Diversity, and ICT. In our inquiry, we have looked into proceedings available online and via university libraries, read yearly reports from the working group, and reached out to prior participants who have played a part in forming and consolidating the working group by way of organizing the Work and Computerization (WWC) conference. The WG 9.8 has, since its early formation in the beginning of the 1980s, been concerned about women’s experiences and conditions in relation to an automated and digitalized working life. This focus has prevailed in the lifespan of the working group and has been accompanied by other foci, such as gender and power relations. Thus, in unfolding the history of the working group, we come across technological phenomena and theoretical concepts that are still in use and/or are revived. We will, for example, meet the timely concept ‘invisible work’ and we will meet former conversations about the technology ‘Artificial Intelligence’. With such reading of the history of WG 9.8 we will encounter a history where technology is deeply intertwined with the social, the cultural, and the political.

Sisse Finken, Christina Mörtberg

Rethinking the Role of ICT for Sustainable Development: From Incremental Improvements Towards Sustainable Societal Transformation

Working Group 9.9: ICT and Sustainable Development

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of past, present and future perspectives on the relationship between ICT and sustainable development in research, with a focus on perspectives adopted within WG 9.9. While early research concentrated on the adverse effects of ICT on the environment, including energy usage, hazardous chemicals in production, and electronic waste, the discourse has evolved to emphasize the potential of ICT to promote sustainable development and offer economic, social, and environmental benefits. WG 9.9 emphasizes that ICT can indeed offer sustainability-related benefits, such as dematerialization and optimization. However, technology, including ICT, is currently not geared towards sustainability, and incremental improvements are not sufficient to promote sustainable futures. Instead, a narrow and individualistic focus risks reinforcing an unsustainable status quo. Researchers interested in ICT and sustainable development should take a more critical stance and promote radical societal transformations towards sustainable futures. Among other things, this includes questioning growth, both in terms of technology and the economy, adhering to planetary boundaries, energy and resource limits, and promoting sustainable practices, rather than imposing behavioral changes.

Per Fors

Cyber, Disinformation and AI: Evolving Uses of ICT in Peace and Conflict

Working Group 9.10: ICT Uses in Peace and War

Abstract

Working Group 9.10 is the newest group under Technical Committee 9, and it has a focus on ICT and its impact and uses in promoting and maintaining peace, as well as the use of ICTs in conflict and war. The focus of the working group’s activities thus far has related to cybersecurity and cyberwarfare, with members being involved in organizing conference and specialist tracks, with other book projects and activities with related communities. After giving an introduction and history to the working group, the chapter covers some of the major themes and recent developments that are related to the themes of the working group.

Brett van Niekerk

Backmatter

Titel: Current Directions in ICT and Society
herausgegeben von: Christopher Leslie
David Kreps
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-50758-8
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-50757-1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50758-8