nach oben

Erschienen in:

2012 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Discovery and Description of Bacillus thuringiensis

verfasst von : Estibaliz Sansinenea

Erschienen in: Bacillus thuringiensis Biotechnology

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

The use of biopesticides, as a component of integrated pest management (IPM), has been gaining acceptance over the world. An entomopathogenic organism should be highly specific and effective against the target pest and should demonstrate the potential to be successfully processed by continuous production technology. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was discovered as a soil bacterium, which fulfills all these requirements and due to it has been used as a biopesticide in agriculture, forestry and mosquito control. Studies of the basic biology of Bt have shown that the insecticidal activity of Bt is due to the presence of parasporal protein inclusion bodies, also called crystals, produced during sporulation that determines its activity for insect species belonging to different orders, which act like a stomach poison causing larval death. Environmentally safe-insect control strategies based on Bt and their insecticidal crystal proteins are going to increase in the future, especially with the wide adoption of transgenic crops. In this chapter, I have summarized the discovery and the description of Bt.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Nächstes Kapitel Bacillus thuringiensis Applications in Agriculture

Addison JA (1993) Persistence and non-target effects of Bacillus thuringiensis in soil: a review. Can J Forest Res 23:2329–2342CrossRef

Aizawa K, Iida S (1963) Nucleic acids extracted from the virus polyhedra of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (Linnaeus). J Insect Path 5:344–348

Angus TA (1954) A bacterial toxin paralyzing silkworm larvae. Nature 173:545–546CrossRef

Aoki K, Chigasaki Y (1916) Über die Pathogenität der sog. Sottobacillen (Ishiwata) bei Seidenraupen. Bull Imp Sericult Expt Sta 1:97–139

Aronson A, Beckman W, Dunn P (1986) Bacillus thuringiensis and related insect pathogens. Microbiol Rev 50:1–24

Beegle CC, Yamamoto T (1992) Invitation paper (C.P. Alexander Fund): history of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner research and development. Can Entomol 124:587–604CrossRef

Berliner E (1915) Ueber die schlaffsucht der Ephestia kuhniella und Bac. thuringiensis n. sp. Z Angew Entomol 2:21–56

Bravo A, Sanchez J, Kouskovra T, Crickmore N (2002) N-terminal activation is an essential early step in the mechanism of action of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac insecticidal toxin. J Biol Chem 27:23985–23990CrossRef

Bravo A, Gomez I, Conde J, Muñoz-Garay C, Sánchez J, Miranda R, Zhuang M, Gill SS, Soberón M (2004) Oligomerization triggers binding of a Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab pore-forming toxin to aminopeptidase N receptor leading to insertion into membrane microdomains. Biochem Biophys Acta 1667:38–46CrossRef

Bravo A, Gill SS, Soberón M (2007) Mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry and Cyt toxins and their potential for insect control. Toxicon 49:423–435CrossRef

Broderick NA, Goodman RM, Raffa KF, Handelsman J (2000) Synergy between zwittermicin A and Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki against gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: lymantriidae). Environ Entomol 29:101–107CrossRef

Butko P (2003) Cytolytic toxin Cyt1Aa and its mechanism of membrane damage: data and hypothesis. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:2415–2422CrossRef

Cerón JA (2001) Productos comerciales nativos y recombinantes a base de Bacillus thuringiensis. In: Caballero P, Ferré J (eds) Bioinsecticidas: fundamentos y aplicaciones de Bacillus thuringiensis en el control integrado de plagas. Phytoma-España, Valencia, pp 153–168

Crickmore N, Zeigler DR, Feitelson J, Schnepf E, Van Rie J, Lereclus D, Baum J, Dean DH (1998) Revision of the nomenclature for the Bacillus thuringiensis pesticidal crystal proteins. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 62:807–813

de Barjac H, Lemille F (1970) Presence of flagellar antigenic subfactors in Serotype 3 of Bacillus thuringiensis. J Invertebr Pathol 15:139–140CrossRef

de Maagd RA, Bravo A, Crickmore N (2001) How Bacillus thuringiensis has evolved specific toxins to colonize the insect world. Trends Genet 17:193–199CrossRef

de Maagd RA, Bravo A, Berry C, Crickmore N, Schnepf HE (2003) Structure, diversity, and evolution of protein toxins from spore forming entomopathogenic bacteria. Ann Rev Genet 37:409–420CrossRef

Dulmage HT (1970) Insecticidal activity of HD-1, a new isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti. J Invertebr Pathol 15:232–239CrossRef

Ely S (1993) The engineering of plants to express Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins. In: Entwistle PF, Cory JS, Bailey MJ, Higgs S (eds) Bacillus thuringiensis, an experimental biopesticide: theory and practice. Wiley, Chichester, pp 105–124

Espinasse S, Gohar M, Lereclus D, Sanchis V (2002) An ABC transporter from Bacillus thuringiensis is essential for β-exotoxin I production. J Bacteriol 184:5848–5854CrossRef

Espinasse S, Gohar M, Lereclus D, Sanchis V (2004) An extracytoplasmic-function sigma factor is involved in a pathway controlling β-Exotoxin I production in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis Strain 407–1. J Bacteriol 186:3108–3116CrossRef

Federici BA (1999) Bacillus thuringiensis. In: Bellows TS, Gordh G, Fisher TW (eds) Handbook of biological control. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 517–548CrossRef

Federici BA, Park H-W, Bideshi DK (2010) Overview of the basic biology of Bacillus thuringiensis with emphasis on genetic engineering of bacterial larvicides for mosquito control. Open Toxinol J 3:83–100

Fisher R, Rosener L (1959) Toxicology of the microbial insecticide, Thuricide. Agric Food Chem 7:686–688CrossRef

Frutos R, Rang C, Royer M (1999) Managing insect resistance to plants producing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. Crit Rev Biotechnol 19:227–276CrossRef

Goldberg LJ (1979) Mosquito larvae control using a bacterial larvicide. US Patent 4(166):112

Goldberg LJ, Margalit J (1977) A bacterial spore demonstrating rapid larvicidal activity against Anopheles sergentii, Uranotaenia unguiculata, Culex univeritattus, Aedes aegypti, and Culex pipiens. Mosq News 37:355–358

Griffiths JS, Haslam SM, Yang T, Garczynski SF, Mulloy B, Morris H, Cremer PS, Dell A, Adang MJ, Aroian RV (2005) Glycolipids as receptors for Bacillus thuringiensis crystal toxin. Science 307:922–925CrossRef

Guillet PD, Kurtak C, Philippon B, Meyer R (1990) Use of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis for onchocerciasis control in West Africa. In: Barjac H de, Sutherland D (eds) Bacterial control of mosquitoes and blackflies; biochemistry, genetics, and applications of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus. Rutgers Univ Press, New Brunswick, pp 187–201

Hannay CL (1953) Crystalline inclusions in aerobic sporeforming bacteria. Nature 172:1004CrossRef

Hannay CL, Fitz-James PC (1955) The proteins crystals of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner. Can J Microbiol 1:694–710CrossRef

Helgason E, Okstad OA, Caugant DA, Johansen HA, Fouet A, Mock M, Hegna I, Kolsto AB (2000) Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis—One species on the basis of genetic evidence. Appl Environ Microbiol 66:2627–2630CrossRef

Husz B (1928) Bacillus thuringiensis Berl. A bacterium pathogenic to corn borer larvae. Int Corn Borer Invest Sci Rep 1:191–193

Isakova NP (1958) A new variety of bacterium of the “cereus” type pathogenic for insects. Dokl Akad Sci Nauk Selsk 3:26–27

Ishiwata S (1901) On a new type of severe flacherie (sotto disease) (original in Japanese). Dainihon Sansi Kaiho 114:1–5

Ishiwata S (1905a) Concerning ‘Sotto-Kin’ a bacillus of a disease of the silkworm. Rept Assoc Seric Japan 160:1–8

Ishiwata S (1905b) About “Sottokin,” a bacillus of a disease of the silk-worm. Dainihon Sanshi Kaiho (Rept Assoc Seric Japan) 161:1–5

Jurat-Fuentes JL, Adang MJ (2004) Characterization of a Cry1Ac receptor alkaline phosphatase in susceptible and resistant Heliothis virescens larvae. Eur J Biochem 271:3127–3135CrossRef

Krieg A, Huger A, Lagenbruch G, Schnetter W (1983) Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis: a new pathotypes effective against larvae of Coleoptera. Z Angew Entomol 96:500–508CrossRef

Kurstak E (1962) Donnees sur l’epizootie bacterienne naturelle provoguee par un Bacillus du type Bacillus thuringiensis sur Ephestia kuhniella Zeller. Entomophaga Mem Hors Ser 2:245–247

Lecadet M-M, Frachon E, Dumanoir VC, Ripouteau H, Hamon S, Laurent P, Thiery I (1999) Updating the H-antigen classification of Bacillus thuringiensis. J Appl Microbiol 86:660–672CrossRef

Lee MK, You TH, Young BA, Cotrill JA, Valaitis AP, Dean DH (1996) Aminopeptidase N purified from gypsy moth brush border membrane vesicles is a specific receptor for Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac toxin. Appl Environ Microbiol 62:2845–2849

Lee MK, Walters FS, Hart H, Palekar N, Chen J-S (2003) The mode of action of the Bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal protein Vip3A differs from that of Cry1Ab δ-endotoxin. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:4648–4657CrossRef

Li J, Koni PA, Ellar DJ (1996) Structure of the mosquitocidal delta-endotoxin CytB from Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kyushuensis and implications for membrane pore formation. J Mol Biol 257:129–152CrossRef

Liu YB, Tabashnik BE (1997) Experimental evidence that refuges delay insect adaptation to Bacillus thuringiensis. Proc R Soc Lond B 264:605–610CrossRef

Margalith Y, Ben-Dov E (2000) Biological control by Bacillus thuringiensis subp. israelensis. In: Rechcigl JE, Rechcigl NA (eds) Insect pest management, techniques for environmental protection. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton

O’Callaghan M, Glare TR, Burgess EPJ, Malone LA (2005) Effects of plants geneticallymodified for insect resistance on non-target organisms. Annu Rev Entomol 50:271–292CrossRef

Petras SF, Casida LE Jr (1985) Survival of Bacillus thuringiensis spores in soil. Appl Environ Microbiol 50:1496–1501

Promdonkoy B, Ellar DJ (2000) Membrane pore architecture of a cytolytic toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis. Biochem J 350:275–282CrossRef

Rasko DA, Altherr MR, Han CS, Ravel J (2005) Genomics of the Bacillus cereus group organisms. FEMS Microbiol Rev 29:303–310

Rosas-García NM (2009) Biopesticide production from Bacillus thuringiensis: an environmentally friendly alternative. Recent Pat Biotechnol 3:28–36CrossRef

Silo-Suh LA, Lethbridge BJ, Raffel SJ, He H, Clardy J, Handelsman J (1994) Biological activities of two fungistatic antibiotics produced by Bacillus cereus UW85. Appl Environ Microbiol 60:2023–2030

Steinhaus EA (1951) Possible use of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner as an aid in the biological control of the alfalfa caterpillar. Hilgardia 20:359–381

Steinhaus EA (1956) Potentialities for microbial control of insects. Agric Food Chem 4:676–680CrossRef

Steinhaus EA, Jerrel EA (1954) Further observations on Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner and other sporeforming bacteria. Hilgardia 23:1–23

Talalaev EV (1956) Septicemia of the caterpillars of the Siberian silkworm. Mikrobiologiya 25:99

van der Geest LPS van der, Laan PA (1971) Sources of special materials. In: Burges HD, Hussey NW (eds) Microbial control of insects and mites. Academic Press, NY, pp 741–749

van der Laan PA (1967) Insect pathology and microbial control. In: van der Laan PA (ed) Proc Intern Colloq on Insect Path & Microbial Contr. North-Holland Publishers Co., Amsterdam, pp 252–286

Van Frankenhuyzen K (1993) The challenge of Bacillus thuringiensis. In: Entwistle PE, Cory JS, Bailey MJ, Higgs S (eds) Bacillus thuringiensis, an environmental biopesticide: theory and practice. Wiley, Chichester, pp 1–35

Vouk V, Klas Z (1931) Conditions influencing the growth of the insecticidal fungus Metarrhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sor. Int Corn Borer Invest Sci Rept 4:24–45

Weiser J (1986) Impact of Bacillus thuringiensis on applied entomology in Eastern Europe and in the Soviet Union. In: Krieg A, Huger AM (eds) Mitt. Biol. Bundesanst. Land Forstwirtsch Berl Dahlem, vol 233. Paul Parey, Berlin, pp 37–49

Wirth MC, Park H-W, Walton WE, Federici BA (2005) Cyt1A of Bacillus thuringiensis delays evolution of resistance to Cry11A in the mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus. Appl Environ Microbiol 71:185–189CrossRef

Wu D, Johnson JJ, Federici BA (1994) Synergism of mosquitocidal toxicity between CytA and CryIVD proteins using inclusions produced from clones genes. Mol Microbiol 13:965–972CrossRef

Zakharyan RA, Agabalyan AS, Chil-Akopyan LA, Gasparyan NS, Bakunts KA, Tatevosyan PE, Afrikyan EK (1976) About the possibility of extrachromosomal DNA in creation of the entomocidal endotoxin of B. thuringiensis. Dokl Akad Nauk Arrn SSR 63:42–47 [in Russian.]

Titel: Discovery and Description of Bacillus thuringiensis
verfasst von: Estibaliz Sansinenea
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Buch: Bacillus thuringiensis Biotechnology
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-3020-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-94-007-3021-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3021-2_1

Premium Partner

Marktübersichten

Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.

Zur Marktübersicht

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Premium Partner

Marktübersichten