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Erschienen in:
2011 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Dispersal and fallout simulations for urban consequences management
verfasst von : Fernando F. Grinstein, Gopal Patnaik, Adam J. Wachtor, Matt Nelson, Michael Brown, Randy J. Bos
Erschienen in: Direct and Large-Eddy Simulation VIII
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
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Hazardous chemical, biological, or radioactive releases from leaks, spills, fires, or blasts, may occur (intentionally or accidentally) in urban environments during warfare or as part of terrorist attacks on military bases or other facilities. The associated contaminant dispersion is complex and semi-chaotic. Urban predictive simulation capabilities can have direct impact in many threat-reduction areas of interest, including, urban sensor placement and threat analysis, contaminant transport (CT) effects on surrounding civilian population (dosages, evacuation, shelter-in-place), education and training of rescue teams and services. Detailed simulations for the various processes involved are in principle possible, but generally not fast. Predicting urban airflow accompanied by CT presents extremely challenging requirements (Britter and Hanna,
2003
; Patnaik et al.,
2007
; Grinstein et al.,
2009
).