1 Introduction
2 Literature review
3 Methods
3.1 Quantity of connectivity
Type of Connection | Minimum (MCT) | Maximum (MACT) | |
---|---|---|---|
Single Hub (Same Terminal) | Domestic - Domestic | 45 | 135 |
Domestic - International | 90 | 270 | |
International - Domestic | 90 | 270 | |
International - International | 120 | 360 | |
Single Hub (Different Terminal) | Domestic - Domestic | 75 | 165 |
Domestic - International | 120 | 300 | |
International - Domestic | 120 | 300 | |
International - International | 150 | 390 | |
Inter-Hub Transfer | Domestic - Domestic | 150 | 450 |
Domestic - International | 180 | 540 | |
International - Domestic | 180 | 540 | |
International - International | 180 | 540 |
3.2 Quality of connectivity
3.3 Hub connectivity Indicator
4 Dual-hub configuration in Shanghai
5 Results and discussion
5.1 Overall hub connectivity
Airline | QVC | HCI | Viable Connections (with QCI > 0) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Overall Connections | MU Group | 192,470 | 42,083 | 103,866 |
MU | 98,866 | 24,134 | 56,947 | |
FM | 16,105 | 2327 | 6729 | |
Domestic Connections | MU Group | 91,213 | 8524 | 30,023 |
MU | 41,235 | 3659 | 12,903 | |
FM | 10,333 | 1094 | 3547 | |
International Connections | MU Group | 101,257 | 33,559 | 73,843 |
MU | 57,631 | 20,474 | 44,044 | |
FM | 5772 | 1233 | 3182 |
Airline | QVC | HCI | Viable Connections (with QCI > 0) |
---|---|---|---|
CZ | 83,196 | 14,847 | 39,837 |
Domestic | 54,765 | 6405 | 20,602 |
International | 28,431 | 8443 | 19,235 |
MF | 16,968 | 3485 | 9484 |
Domestic | 9673 | 1351 | 4470 |
International | 7295 | 2134 | 5014 |
KE | 5883 | 1596 | 3979 |
CI | 5011 | 1069 | 3281 |
VN | 3667 | 706 | 1797 |
DL | 3379 | 2108 | 3153 |
KL | 2789 | 1388 | 2644 |
AF | 2659 | 1260 | 2424 |
SU | 2076 | 770 | 1910 |
GA | 1754 | 546 | 1212 |
AM | 544 | 326 | 510 |
Overall | 127,926 | 28,102 | 70,231 |
5.2 Dual-hub connectivity
PVG | Inter-hub | SHA | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QVC | HCI | Viable Connections (with QCI > 0) | QVC | HCI | Viable Connections (with QCI > 0) | QVC | HCI | Viable Connections (with QCI > 0) | ||
Domestic | MU | 6715 | 890 | 2394 | 27,601 | 1989 | 8381 | 6919 | 781 | 2128 |
FM | 1469 | 267 | 608 | 6795 | 556 | 2235 | 2069 | 270 | 704 | |
MU-FM | 5907 | 890 | 2334 | 27,612 | 2175 | 9150 | 6126 | 706 | 2089 | |
MU Group | 14,091 | 2047 | 5336 | 62,008 | 4719 | 19,766 | 15,114 | 1758 | 4921 | |
MU Group + Alliance Partners | 24,363 | 3729 | 9679 | 110,145 | 9937 | 38,753 | 25,573 | 3301 | 8947 | |
International | MU | 29,382 | 11,924 | 22,486 | 27,258 | 8321 | 20,954 | 991 | 229 | 604 |
FM | 1933 | 543 | 1173 | 3489 | 596 | 1787 | 350 | 95 | 222 | |
MU-FM | 16,240 | 6031 | 11,710 | 20,400 | 5531 | 14,131 | 1214 | 291 | 776 | |
MU Group | 47,555 | 18,497 | 35,369 | 51,147 | 14,448 | 36,872 | 2555 | 614 | 1602 | |
MU Group + Alliance Partners | 75,554 | 28,930 | 55,450 | 84,728 | 23,934 | 60,809 | 4397 | 1033 | 2711 |
PVG | Inter-hub | SHA | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QVC | HCI | Viable Connections (with QCI > 0) | No. of arriving flights per week | No. of connections per arriving flights per day | QVC | HCI | Viable Connections (with QCI > 0) | No. of arriving flights per week | No. of connections per arriving flights per day | QVC | HCI | Viable Connections (with QCI > 0) | No. of arriving flights per week | No. of connections per arriving flights per day | |
Asia | 48,484 | 14,026 | 30,647 | 343 | 20 | 64,043 | 13,305 | 40,977 | 491 | 19 | 4383 | 1032 | 2706 | 127 | 5 |
Asia – North America | 6007 | 3975 | 5716 | 326 | 3 | 4155 | 2501 | 3882 | 219 | 3 | |||||
Asia – Europe | 5488 | 2793 | 5403 | 229 | 3 | 3587 | 1633 | 3528 | 196 | 3 | |||||
Asia – Australasia | 1897 | 1025 | 1759 | 242 | 1 | 2502 | 1287 | 2465 | 211 | 2 | |||||
Asia – Central America | 326 | 74 | 183 | 47 | 1 | 11 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 0 | |||||
Asia – South America | 84 | 4 | 14 | 25 | 0 | ||||||||||
Europe – Asia | 5100 | 2787 | 4998 | 17 | 43 | 5827 | 2674 | 5684 | 18 | 46 | |||||
North America – Asia | 4978 | 3073 | 4781 | 15 | 47 | 3385 | 1944 | 3207 | 15 | 32 | |||||
Australasia – Asia | 1388 | 827 | 1287 | 5 | 40 | 1043 | 562 | 988 | 5 | 30 | |||||
Central America – Asia | 365 | 82 | 218 | 1 | 52 | 33 | 8 | 24 | 1 | 5 | |||||
South America – Asia | 22 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 14 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 2 | |||||
Other International –international | 1521 | 268 | 458 | 92 | 2 | 36 | 14 | 36 | 4 | 1 |