Efficiency of Application Self-blocked Cross Axle Screwball Differential at Car 4 × 4 Movement on Not Deformable Base Surface

The variety of road conditions and factors depending both on the condition of the roadbed and on the weather conditions that determine the conditions of the car’s motion is considered, it is shown that this manifold requires the use of differentials with variable locking ratio, the mathematical problem of optimizing the distribution of torques during the vehicle’s motion is solved with a solid support surface. The obtained regularity shows that the ratio of the torque applied to the wheel to the total torque must be proportional to the ratio of the mass per wheel to the total mass of the car. As an example of such a differential, a self-locking screwball differential was considered, road tests were conducted and experimentally confirmed the efficiency of its application both in terms of optimal power distribution and maintaining the blocking ratio in the most optimal range, and in terms of fuel efficiency.