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2018 | Buch

Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Embedded Platforms for UAS Landing Path and Obstacle Detection

Integration and Development of Unmanned Aircraft Systems

verfasst von: Umberto Papa

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : Studies in Systems, Decision and Control

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book reports on the design and development of a system that assists remote pilots during the landing procedure. In particular, it covers a previously neglected topic, namely the search for the best pathway and landing site. It describes the system’s components, such as the ultrasonic sensor, infrared sensor and optical sensor, in detail, and discusses the experimental tests carried out in both controlled laboratory and real-world environments. Providing a fascinating survey of the state of the art in the field of unmanned aircraft system electronics design and development, the book also presents recent advances in and cutting-edge methodologies for the development of acquisition systems and inexpensive sensor design for navigation data.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
Abstract
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), also denominated Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) by FAA (Federal Aviation Administration), have gained great attention for many applications in the scientific, civil, and military sectors. The aim of this book is to classify and choose a type of UAS and design an embedded sensors platform useful to assist the remote pilot during the landing procedure. The design and implementation of an electronic platform were performed by using a bouquet of low-cost sensors (ultrasonic, IR, Optics, etc.) for attitude control and obstacle-sense-and-avoid during the landing procedure at low altitude and low velocity.
Umberto Papa
Chapter 2. Sonar Sensor Model for Safe Landing and Obstacle Detection
Abstract
In UAS’s (Unmanned Aerial Systems) applications, it is important to find and track all scenario properties (e.g., obstacles). Performing obstacles and terrain avoidance from an UAS platform is challenging for several reasons (Valavanis 2007). The UAS limited payload and power available give significant limitations on the total size, weight, and power requirements of potential sensors. In this chapter, a Sonic Ranging (SR) sensor was used in order to detect any oblacles that surround the UAV. The system proposed it is able to detect obstacles like dolphins or bats do.
Umberto Papa
Chapter 3. Atmosphere Effects on the SRS
Abstract
Ultrasonic proximity sensors are a good compromise in terms of cost, energy efficiency, and accuracy for low distance obstacle detection. Various fields of interest could find this book interesting, for example, structural damage inspections in critical areas (e.g., L’Aquila earthquake, Italy, or hurricane Ike in Galveston, Texas, US). Unfortunately, the measurements provided by ultrasonic sensors are affected by systematic errors due to relative humidity and atmospheric conditions. This chapter explains a method useful to correct, in real time, errors given by temperature and relative humidity on the sonar sensors measurements.
Umberto Papa
Chapter 4. Integration Among Ultrasonic and Infrared Sensors
Abstract
In this chapter, another distance sensor was considered in order to integrate the distance measurements for a good UAS navigation information (Sobers et al. 2009; Mustapha et al. 2012).
Umberto Papa
Chapter 5. Optical Sensor for UAS Aided Landing
Abstract
The installation of an optic sensor (i.e., camera) to a UAS allows the vehicle to perform a variety of tasks autonomously (Valavanis in Advances in unmanned aerial vehicles—state of art and the road to autonomy, Springer Science & Business Media, 2007). This chapter presents UAS vision system developed and tested at the Parthenope University of Naples (Department of Science and Technology) to perform an aid for the UAS during the landing procedure at low altitude.
Umberto Papa
Chapter 6. UAS Endurance Enhancement
Abstract
Most civilian uses of UASs require the air vehicle to fly at speeds lower than 50 kts (70 km/h) and at low heights, and many applications need the ability of the aircraft to hover (e.g., power line inspection, subsurface geology, mineral resource analysis, or incident control by police and fire services) (Chap. 1). Moreover, in some cases, this type of platform needs to execute extended missions with significant flight duration time. This chapter focuses on the flight time of the vehicle and proposes an alternative approach to improve the endurance of a non-expensive, commercial quadrotor, by applying a balloon to reduce weight and power consumption needed for flight.
Umberto Papa
Chapter 7. Conclusions
Abstract
This book wants to be a novelty contribution to the many topics covered in the UASs applications.
Umberto Papa
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Embedded Platforms for UAS Landing Path and Obstacle Detection
verfasst von
Umberto Papa
Copyright-Jahr
2018
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-73174-2
Print ISBN
978-3-319-73173-5
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73174-2