Skip to main content

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

7. Estimating Facial Aging Using Light Scattering Photometry

verfasst von : Hadi A. Dahlan, Edwin R. Hancock

Erschienen in: Advances in Photometric 3D-Reconstruction

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Facial aging is a complex process, and the changes in the inner layers of the skin will affect how the light scatters from the skin. To observe whether a light scattering model parameter is suitable to be used for age classification/estimation, this study investigated and analyzed the relationship between the parameter of an analytical-based light scattering model and skins of various ages using photometry method. Multiple models are used to investigate and compare the relationship between the model parameters and the subject’s age. The results show that all of the models’ roughness parameter representation has a significant positive correlation with age (\(p<0.05\)), making it a suitable choice to be made as a feature for estimating/classifying age. This study proves that the parameter(s) for an analytical-based light scattering model can be used as an alternative method for estimating/classifying a person’s age, provided that we know the light incidence and reflectance angles. In the future, this method can be used to work with other age extractors/estimators/classifiers, for the purpose of designing a more robust age estimation/classification method.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Fu Y, Guo G, Huang TS (2010) Age synthesis and estimation via faces: a survey. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 32(11):1955–1976 Fu Y, Guo G, Huang TS (2010) Age synthesis and estimation via faces: a survey. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 32(11):1955–1976
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Ramanathan N, Chellappa R (2006) Modeling age progression in young faces. In: 2006 IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, vol 1. IEEE Ramanathan N, Chellappa R (2006) Modeling age progression in young faces. In: 2006 IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, vol 1. IEEE
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Rhodes MG (2009) Age estimation of faces: a review. Appl Cognit Psychol 23(1):1–12 Rhodes MG (2009) Age estimation of faces: a review. Appl Cognit Psychol 23(1):1–12
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Fink B et al (2011) Differences in visual perception of age and attractiveness of female facial and body skin. Inter J Cosmetic Sci 33(2): 26–131 Fink B et al (2011) Differences in visual perception of age and attractiveness of female facial and body skin. Inter J Cosmetic Sci 33(2): 26–131
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Fink B, Grammer K, Matts PJ (2006) Visible skin color distribution plays a role in the perception of age, attractiveness, and health in female faces. Evol Human Behav 27(6):433–442 Fink B, Grammer K, Matts PJ (2006) Visible skin color distribution plays a role in the perception of age, attractiveness, and health in female faces. Evol Human Behav 27(6):433–442
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Zimbler MS, Kokoska MS, Regan Thomas J (2001) Anatomy and pathophysiology of facial aging. Facial Plastic Surg Clin North Am 9(2):179–187 Zimbler MS, Kokoska MS, Regan Thomas J (2001) Anatomy and pathophysiology of facial aging. Facial Plastic Surg Clin North Am 9(2):179–187
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Igarashi T, Nishino K, Nayar SK (2007) The appearance of human skin: a survey. Found Trends Comput Graph Vis 3(1):1–95 Igarashi T, Nishino K, Nayar SK (2007) The appearance of human skin: a survey. Found Trends Comput Graph Vis 3(1):1–95
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Ramanathan N, Chellappa R, Biswas S (2009) Age progression in human faces: a survey. J Vis Lang Comput 15:3349–3361 Ramanathan N, Chellappa R, Biswas S (2009) Age progression in human faces: a survey. J Vis Lang Comput 15:3349–3361
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Ramanathan N, Chellappa R, Biswas S (2009) Computational methods for modeling facial aging: a survey. J Vis Lang Comput 20(3):131–144 Ramanathan N, Chellappa R, Biswas S (2009) Computational methods for modeling facial aging: a survey. J Vis Lang Comput 20(3):131–144
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Anderson RR, Parrish JA (1981) The optics of human skin. J Invest Dermatol 77(1):13–19 Anderson RR, Parrish JA (1981) The optics of human skin. J Invest Dermatol 77(1):13–19
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Anderson RR, Parrish JA (1982) Optical properties of human skin. In: The science of photomedicine. Springer, Boston, pp 147–194 Anderson RR, Parrish JA (1982) Optical properties of human skin. In: The science of photomedicine. Springer, Boston, pp 147–194
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Neerken S, et al (2004) Characterization of age-related effects in human skin: a comparative study that applies confocal laser scanning microscopy and optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Optics 9(2):274–282 Neerken S, et al (2004) Characterization of age-related effects in human skin: a comparative study that applies confocal laser scanning microscopy and optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Optics 9(2):274–282
13.
Zurück zum Zitat O’Toole AJ, et al (1999) 3D shape and 2D surface textures of human faces: the role of “averages” in attractiveness and age. Image Visi Comput 18(1):9–19 O’Toole AJ, et al (1999) 3D shape and 2D surface textures of human faces: the role of “averages” in attractiveness and age. Image Visi Comput 18(1):9–19
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu Z, Zhang Z, Shan Y (2004) Image-based surface detail transfer. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 24(3):30–35 Liu Z, Zhang Z, Shan Y (2004) Image-based surface detail transfer. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 24(3):30–35
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Vetter T (1998) Synthesis of novel views from a single face image. Int J Comput Vis 28(2):103–116MathSciNet Vetter T (1998) Synthesis of novel views from a single face image. Int J Comput Vis 28(2):103–116MathSciNet
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Golovinskiy A, et al (2006) A statistical model for synthesis of detailed facial geometry. ACM Trans Graph (TOG) 25(3):1025–1034 Golovinskiy A, et al (2006) A statistical model for synthesis of detailed facial geometry. ACM Trans Graph (TOG) 25(3):1025–1034
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Patterson E, et al (2007) Aspects of age variation in facial morphology affecting biometrics. In: BTAS 2007. First IEEE international conference on biometrics: theory, applications, and systems, 2007. IEEE Patterson E, et al (2007) Aspects of age variation in facial morphology affecting biometrics. In: BTAS 2007. First IEEE international conference on biometrics: theory, applications, and systems, 2007. IEEE
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Kwon YH, da Vitoria Lobo N (1999) Age classification from facial images. Comput Vis Image Underst 74(1):1–21 Kwon YH, da Vitoria Lobo N (1999) Age classification from facial images. Comput Vis Image Underst 74(1):1–21
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Geng X, Zhou Z-H, Smith-Miles K (2007) Automatic age estimation based on facial aging patterns. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 29(12):2234–2240 Geng X, Zhou Z-H, Smith-Miles K (2007) Automatic age estimation based on facial aging patterns. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 29(12):2234–2240
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Fu Y, Xu Y, Huang TS (2007) Estimating human age by manifold analysis of face pictures and regression on aging features. In: 2007 IEEE international conference on multimedia and expo. IEEE Fu Y, Xu Y, Huang TS (2007) Estimating human age by manifold analysis of face pictures and regression on aging features. In: 2007 IEEE international conference on multimedia and expo. IEEE
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Choi SE, et al (2011) Age estimation using a hierarchical classifier based on global and local facial features. Pattern Recognit 44(6):1262–1281 Choi SE, et al (2011) Age estimation using a hierarchical classifier based on global and local facial features. Pattern Recognit 44(6):1262–1281
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Han H, et al (2015) Demographic estimation from face images: human vs. machine performance. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 37(6):1148–1161 Han H, et al (2015) Demographic estimation from face images: human vs. machine performance. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 37(6):1148–1161
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Montes Soldado R, Ureña Almagro C (2012) An overview of BRDF models Montes Soldado R, Ureña Almagro C (2012) An overview of BRDF models
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Forsyth DA, Ponce J (2012) Computer vision: a modern approach, 2nd edn. Pearson, London Forsyth DA, Ponce J (2012) Computer vision: a modern approach, 2nd edn. Pearson, London
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Wynn C (2000) An introduction to BRDF-based lighting. Nvidia Corporation Wynn C (2000) An introduction to BRDF-based lighting. Nvidia Corporation
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Hanrahan P, Krueger W (1993) Reflection from layered surfaces due to subsurface scattering. In: Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques. ACM Hanrahan P, Krueger W (1993) Reflection from layered surfaces due to subsurface scattering. In: Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques. ACM
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Koenderink J, Pont S (2003) The secret of velvety skin. Mach Vis Appl 14(4):260–268 Koenderink J, Pont S (2003) The secret of velvety skin. Mach Vis Appl 14(4):260–268
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Tsumura N, et al (2003) Image-based skin color and texture analysis/synthesis by extracting hemoglobin and melanin information in the skin. ACM Trans Graph (TOG) 22(3):770–779 Tsumura N, et al (2003) Image-based skin color and texture analysis/synthesis by extracting hemoglobin and melanin information in the skin. ACM Trans Graph (TOG) 22(3):770–779
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Krishnaswamy A, Baranoski GVG (2004) A biophysically-based spectral model of light interaction with human skin. In: Computer graphics forum, vol 23. No. 3. Blackwell Publishing, Inc, Malden Krishnaswamy A, Baranoski GVG (2004) A biophysically-based spectral model of light interaction with human skin. In: Computer graphics forum, vol 23. No. 3. Blackwell Publishing, Inc, Malden
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Iglesias–Guitian JA, et al (2015) A biophysically-based model of the optical properties of skin aging. Comput Graph Forum 34(2) Iglesias–Guitian JA, et al (2015) A biophysically-based model of the optical properties of skin aging. Comput Graph Forum 34(2)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Weyrich T, et al (2006) Analysis of human faces using a measurement-based skin reflectance model. ACM Trans Graph (TOG). vol 25. No. 3. ACM Weyrich T, et al (2006) Analysis of human faces using a measurement-based skin reflectance model. ACM Trans Graph (TOG). vol 25. No. 3. ACM
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Donner C, Jensen HW (2006) A spectral BSSRDF for shading human skin. Rendering techniques 2006, pp 409–418 Donner C, Jensen HW (2006) A spectral BSSRDF for shading human skin. Rendering techniques 2006, pp 409–418
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Donner C, et al (2008) A layered, heterogeneous reflectance model for acquiring and rendering human skin. ACM Trans Graph (TOG), vol. 27. No. 5. ACM Donner C, et al (2008) A layered, heterogeneous reflectance model for acquiring and rendering human skin. ACM Trans Graph (TOG), vol. 27. No. 5. ACM
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Ma W-C, et al. (2007) Rapid acquisition of specular and diffuse normal maps from polarized spherical gradient illumination. In: Proceedings of the 18th Eurographics conference on rendering techniques. Eurographics Association Ma W-C, et al. (2007) Rapid acquisition of specular and diffuse normal maps from polarized spherical gradient illumination. In: Proceedings of the 18th Eurographics conference on rendering techniques. Eurographics Association
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Ragheb H, Hancock ER (2008) A light scattering model for layered dielectrics with rough surface boundaries. Int J Comput Vis 79(2):179–207 Ragheb H, Hancock ER (2008) A light scattering model for layered dielectrics with rough surface boundaries. Int J Comput Vis 79(2):179–207
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Dahlan HA, Hancock ER (2016) Absorptive scattering model for rough laminar surfaces. In: 2016 23rd international conference on pattern recognition (ICPR). IEEE Dahlan HA, Hancock ER (2016) Absorptive scattering model for rough laminar surfaces. In: 2016 23rd international conference on pattern recognition (ICPR). IEEE
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Oren M, Nayar SK (1994) Generalization of Lambert’s reflectance model. In: Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques Oren M, Nayar SK (1994) Generalization of Lambert’s reflectance model. In: Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Jensen HW, et al (2001) A practical model for subsurface light transport. In: Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques. ACM Jensen HW, et al (2001) A practical model for subsurface light transport. In: Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques. ACM
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Dutta A (2010) Face shape and reflectance acquisition using a multispectral light stage. University of York, Diss Dutta A (2010) Face shape and reflectance acquisition using a multispectral light stage. University of York, Diss
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Fitzpatrick TB (1988) The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI. Archives of dermatology, vol. 124. No. 6. American Medical Association, pp 869–871 Fitzpatrick TB (1988) The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI. Archives of dermatology, vol. 124. No. 6. American Medical Association, pp 869–871
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Dahlan HA, Hancock ER, Smith WAP (2016) Reflectance-aware optical flow. In: 2016 23rd international conference on pattern recognition (ICPR). IEEE Dahlan HA, Hancock ER, Smith WAP (2016) Reflectance-aware optical flow. In: 2016 23rd international conference on pattern recognition (ICPR). IEEE
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Shirakabe Y, Suzuki Y, Lam SM (2003) A new paradigm for the aging Asian face. Aesthetic Plast Surg 27(5):397–402 Shirakabe Y, Suzuki Y, Lam SM (2003) A new paradigm for the aging Asian face. Aesthetic Plast Surg 27(5):397–402
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Liew S, et al (2016) Consensus on changing trends, attitudes, and concepts of Asian beauty. Aesthetic Plast Surg 40(2):193–201 Liew S, et al (2016) Consensus on changing trends, attitudes, and concepts of Asian beauty. Aesthetic Plast Surg 40(2):193–201
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Vashi NA, De Castro Maymone MB, Kundu RV (2016) Aging differences in ethnic skin. J Clin Aesthetic Dermatol 9(1):31 Vashi NA, De Castro Maymone MB, Kundu RV (2016) Aging differences in ethnic skin. J Clin Aesthetic Dermatol 9(1):31
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Talakoub L, Wesley NO (2009) Differences in perceptions of beauty and cosmetic procedures performed in ethnic patients. Seminars in cutaneous medicine and surgery, vol 28. No 2. Frontline Medical Communications Talakoub L, Wesley NO (2009) Differences in perceptions of beauty and cosmetic procedures performed in ethnic patients. Seminars in cutaneous medicine and surgery, vol 28. No 2. Frontline Medical Communications
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Rawlings AV (2006) Ethnic skin types: are there differences in skin structure and function? Int J Cosmet Sci 28(2):79–93MathSciNet Rawlings AV (2006) Ethnic skin types: are there differences in skin structure and function? Int J Cosmet Sci 28(2):79–93MathSciNet
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Fink B et al (2012) Colour homogeneity and visual perception of age, health and attractiveness of male facial skin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 26(12):1486–1492 Fink B et al (2012) Colour homogeneity and visual perception of age, health and attractiveness of male facial skin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 26(12):1486–1492
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Matts PJ, et al (2007) Color homogeneity and visual perception of age, health, and attractiveness of female facial skin. J Am Acad Dermatol 57(6):977–984 Matts PJ, et al (2007) Color homogeneity and visual perception of age, health, and attractiveness of female facial skin. J Am Acad Dermatol 57(6):977–984
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Vapnik V (2013) The nature of statistical learning theory. Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin Vapnik V (2013) The nature of statistical learning theory. Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Calin MA, Parasca SV (2010) In vivo study of age-related changes in the optical properties of the skin. Lasers Med Sci 25(2):269–274 Calin MA, Parasca SV (2010) In vivo study of age-related changes in the optical properties of the skin. Lasers Med Sci 25(2):269–274
Metadaten
Titel
Estimating Facial Aging Using Light Scattering Photometry
verfasst von
Hadi A. Dahlan
Edwin R. Hancock
Copyright-Jahr
2020
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51866-0_7

Premium Partner