Skip to main content

2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

7. Experimental Setup in Fast Heating of Carbon

verfasst von : Alexander Savvatimskiy

Erschienen in: Carbon at High Temperatures

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Two installations are shown: with a small current pulse (upper limit 15 kA) for training students and the largest one with a high current pulse (upper limit 400 kA). The features of these two systems discussed in all the details that are the most important to the experimenters. It was given a choice of a blackbody design and fast pyrometer for recording melting and liquid state of carbon under fast heating in JIHT. A detailed description of the arrangements in pulse electrical heating is shown. Pulse heating results on measuring carbon temperature (up to 12,000 K) are shown.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat A.I. Savvatimskiy, V.N. Korobenko, High-temperature properties of metals for nuclear industry (zirconium, hafnium and iron during melting and in the liquid state), MEI Publishing House (2012), 216 pp. ISBN 978-5-383-00800-3. in Russian A.I. Savvatimskiy, V.N. Korobenko, High-temperature properties of metals for nuclear industry (zirconium, hafnium and iron during melting and in the liquid state), MEI Publishing House (2012), 216 pp. ISBN 978-5-383-00800-3. in Russian
2.
Zurück zum Zitat A. Cavalleri, K. Sokolowski-Tinten, D. Von der Linde et al., Generation of the low density liquid phase of carbon by non-thermal melting of fullerite. Europhys. Lett. 57(2), 281–287 (2002)CrossRef A. Cavalleri, K. Sokolowski-Tinten, D. Von der Linde et al., Generation of the low density liquid phase of carbon by non-thermal melting of fullerite. Europhys. Lett. 57(2), 281–287 (2002)CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimski, R. Cheret, Graphite melting and properties of liquid carbon. Int. J. Thermophys. 20(4), 1247–1256 (1999)CrossRef V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimski, R. Cheret, Graphite melting and properties of liquid carbon. Int. J. Thermophys. 20(4), 1247–1256 (1999)CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat A.I. Savvatimskiy, V.E. Fortov, R. Cheret, Thermophysical properties of liquid metals and graphite, and diamond production under fast heating. High Temp.-High Press 30, 1–18 (1998)CrossRef A.I. Savvatimskiy, V.E. Fortov, R. Cheret, Thermophysical properties of liquid metals and graphite, and diamond production under fast heating. High Temp.-High Press 30, 1–18 (1998)CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat C.E. Mendenhall, On the emissive power of wedge-shaped cavities and their use in temperature measurements (an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics). Astrophys. J. 33(2), 91–97 (1911)CrossRef C.E. Mendenhall, On the emissive power of wedge-shaped cavities and their use in temperature measurements (an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics). Astrophys. J. 33(2), 91–97 (1911)CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat J.C. De Vos, Evaluation of the quality of a blackbody, Physica XX, pp. 669–689 (1954) J.C. De Vos, Evaluation of the quality of a blackbody, Physica XX, pp. 669–689 (1954)
7.
Zurück zum Zitat A. Cezairliyan, A.P. Miiller, Heat capacity and electrical resistivity of POCO AXM-5Q1 graphite in the range 1500–3000 K by a pulse-heating technique. Int. J. Thermophys. 6(3), 285–300 (1985)CrossRef A. Cezairliyan, A.P. Miiller, Heat capacity and electrical resistivity of POCO AXM-5Q1 graphite in the range 1500–3000 K by a pulse-heating technique. Int. J. Thermophys. 6(3), 285–300 (1985)CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat A. Cezairliyan, P. Miiller, Measurement of the radiance temperature (at 655 nm) of melting graphite near its triple point by a pulse-heating technique. Int. J. of Thermophys. 11(4), 643–651 (1990)CrossRef A. Cezairliyan, P. Miiller, Measurement of the radiance temperature (at 655 nm) of melting graphite near its triple point by a pulse-heating technique. Int. J. of Thermophys. 11(4), 643–651 (1990)CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat A. Cezairliyan, F. Righini, Rev. Int. Hautes Temp. et Refract. 12, 124 (1975) A. Cezairliyan, F. Righini, Rev. Int. Hautes Temp. et Refract. 12, 124 (1975)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat L.N. Latyev, V.A. Petrov, V.Y. Chekhovskoi, E.N. Shestakov, Radiative properties of solid materials, in Handbook, ed. Sheindlin A.E., Moscow: Energiya, (1974), 471 pp. in Russian L.N. Latyev, V.A. Petrov, V.Y. Chekhovskoi, E.N. Shestakov, Radiative properties of solid materials, in Handbook, ed. Sheindlin A.E., Moscow: Energiya, (1974), 471 pp. in Russian
11.
Zurück zum Zitat V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Liquid zirconium properties up to 4100 K (density, enthalpy, heat capacity, emissivity, and resistivity). Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 77(10), 1564–1569 (2003). (in Russian) V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Liquid zirconium properties up to 4100 K (density, enthalpy, heat capacity, emissivity, and resistivity). Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 77(10), 1564–1569 (2003). (in Russian)
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Korobenko V.N., and Savvatimskiy A.I., Blackbody design for high temperature (1800–5500 K) of metals and carbon in liquid states under fast heating, TEMPERATURE: its measurement and control in science and industry, in AIP Conference Proceedings, ed. Dean C. Ripple, vol. 7, Part 2, pp. 783–788 (2003) Korobenko V.N., and Savvatimskiy A.I., Blackbody design for high temperature (1800–5500 K) of metals and carbon in liquid states under fast heating, TEMPERATURE: its measurement and control in science and industry, in AIP Conference Proceedings, ed. Dean C. Ripple, vol. 7, Part 2, pp. 783–788 (2003)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, The density of liquid hafnium from the melting point to the boiling point. High Temp. 45(2), 159–163 (2007)CrossRef V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, The density of liquid hafnium from the melting point to the boiling point. High Temp. 45(2), 159–163 (2007)CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat V.N. Korobenko, M.B. Agranat, S.I. Ashitkov, A.I. Savvatimskiy, zirconium and iron densities in a wide range of liquid states. Intern. J. Thermophys 23(1), 307–318 (2002)CrossRef V.N. Korobenko, M.B. Agranat, S.I. Ashitkov, A.I. Savvatimskiy, zirconium and iron densities in a wide range of liquid states. Intern. J. Thermophys 23(1), 307–318 (2002)CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Measurement of the zirconium temperature from the melting temperature to 4100 K using blackbody models in a liquid state. High Temp. 39(3), 485–490 (2001) V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Measurement of the zirconium temperature from the melting temperature to 4100 K using blackbody models in a liquid state. High Temp. 39(3), 485–490 (2001)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat V.N. Korobenko, Ph.D. dissertation for the degree of candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, Experimental study of the properties of liquid metals and carbon at high temperatures, (Moscow: Institute for High Temperatures RAS, 2001). in Russian V.N. Korobenko, Ph.D. dissertation for the degree of candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, Experimental study of the properties of liquid metals and carbon at high temperatures, (Moscow: Institute for High Temperatures RAS, 2001). in Russian
17.
Zurück zum Zitat V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Electrical resistivity of liquid carbon. High Temp. 36(5), 700–707 (1998) V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Electrical resistivity of liquid carbon. High Temp. 36(5), 700–707 (1998)
18.
Zurück zum Zitat V.N. Senchenko, M.A. Sheindlin, Experimental study of the thermodynamic properties of graphite near the melting point. Sov. Phys. Dokl. 33, 142–145 (1988) V.N. Senchenko, M.A. Sheindlin, Experimental study of the thermodynamic properties of graphite near the melting point. Sov. Phys. Dokl. 33, 142–145 (1988)
19.
Zurück zum Zitat N.S. Fateeva, L.F. Vereshchagin, V.S. Kolotygin, Optical method for measuring the melting temperature of graphite up to 3 kbar. Doklady USSR 152(1), 88 (1963). in Russian N.S. Fateeva, L.F. Vereshchagin, V.S. Kolotygin, Optical method for measuring the melting temperature of graphite up to 3 kbar. Doklady USSR 152(1), 88 (1963). in Russian
20.
Zurück zum Zitat L.F. Vereshchagin, N.S. Fateeva, Melting curves of graphite, tungsten and platinum up to 60 kbar. JETP 28(4), 597–600 (1969) L.F. Vereshchagin, N.S. Fateeva, Melting curves of graphite, tungsten and platinum up to 60 kbar. JETP 28(4), 597–600 (1969)
21.
Zurück zum Zitat N.S. Fateeva, L.F. Vereshchagin, On the graphite melting curve to 90 kbar. JETP Lett. 13(3), 110–111 (1971) N.S. Fateeva, L.F. Vereshchagin, On the graphite melting curve to 90 kbar. JETP Lett. 13(3), 110–111 (1971)
22.
Zurück zum Zitat M.A. Sheindlin, V.N. Senchenko, Experimental study of thermodynamic properties of graphite in the vicinity of the melting point. Doklady 298(6), 1383–1386 (1988). in Russian M.A. Sheindlin, V.N. Senchenko, Experimental study of thermodynamic properties of graphite in the vicinity of the melting point. Doklady 298(6), 1383–1386 (1988). in Russian
23.
Zurück zum Zitat L.M. Buchnev, A.I. Smyslov, I.A. Dmitriev, A.F. Kuteinikov, V.I. Kostikov, Experimental study of the enthalpy of kuazi-moncrystal graphite and glassy carbon in the temperature range 300–3800 K. High Temp. 25(6), 816–821 (1987) L.M. Buchnev, A.I. Smyslov, I.A. Dmitriev, A.F. Kuteinikov, V.I. Kostikov, Experimental study of the enthalpy of kuazi-moncrystal graphite and glassy carbon in the temperature range 300–3800 K. High Temp. 25(6), 816–821 (1987)
24.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Togaya, Behaviors of liquid carbon at high pressure, in New Kinds of Phase Transitions: Transformations in Disordered Substances, ed. by V.V. Brazhkin (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Printed in the Netherlands, 2002), pp. 255–266CrossRef M. Togaya, Behaviors of liquid carbon at high pressure, in New Kinds of Phase Transitions: Transformations in Disordered Substances, ed. by V.V. Brazhkin (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Printed in the Netherlands, 2002), pp. 255–266CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Togaya, Electrical resistivity of liquid carbon at high pressure, Science and Technology of High Pressure, in Proceedings of AIRAPT-17, eds. by M.H. Manghnani, W.J. Nellis, M.F. Nicol, (Universities Press, Hyderabad, India, 2000), pp. 871– 874 M. Togaya, Electrical resistivity of liquid carbon at high pressure, Science and Technology of High Pressure, in Proceedings of AIRAPT-17, eds. by M.H. Manghnani, W.J. Nellis, M.F. Nicol, (Universities Press, Hyderabad, India, 2000), pp. 871– 874
26.
Zurück zum Zitat F.P. Bundy, Melting of graphite at very high pressure. J. Chem. Phys 38, 618–630 (1963)CrossRef F.P. Bundy, Melting of graphite at very high pressure. J. Chem. Phys 38, 618–630 (1963)CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat F.P. Bundy, Direct conversion of graphite to diamond in static pressure apparatus. J. Chem. Phys. 38(3), 631–643 (1963)CrossRef F.P. Bundy, Direct conversion of graphite to diamond in static pressure apparatus. J. Chem. Phys. 38(3), 631–643 (1963)CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Togaya, Pressure dependences of the melting temperature of graphite and the electrical resistivity of liquid carbon. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79(13), 2474–2477 (1997)CrossRef M. Togaya, Pressure dependences of the melting temperature of graphite and the electrical resistivity of liquid carbon. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79(13), 2474–2477 (1997)CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Togaya, S. Sugiyama, E. Mizuhara, Melting line of graphite, in AIP Conference Proceedings, no. 309, pt. 1, pp. 255–258 (1994) M. Togaya, S. Sugiyama, E. Mizuhara, Melting line of graphite, in AIP Conference Proceedings, no. 309, pt. 1, pp. 255–258 (1994)
30.
Zurück zum Zitat J.B. Neaton, N.W. Ashcroft, Pairing in dense lithium. Nature (Letters to Nature) 400, 141 (1999)CrossRef J.B. Neaton, N.W. Ashcroft, Pairing in dense lithium. Nature (Letters to Nature) 400, 141 (1999)CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat V.E. Fortov, V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Liquid metals and liquid carbon: some similar properties at high temperatures. Eur. Phys. J. B (EPJ WEB of the Conferences), 15, 02001 (2011) V.E. Fortov, V.N. Korobenko, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Liquid metals and liquid carbon: some similar properties at high temperatures. Eur. Phys. J. B (EPJ WEB of the Conferences), 15, 02001 (2011)
32.
Zurück zum Zitat E.G. Maksimov, M.V. Magnitskaya, V.E. Fortov, Not a simple behavior of the simple metals at high pressure. Phys. Uspekhi 48(8), 761–780 (2005) E.G. Maksimov, M.V. Magnitskaya, V.E. Fortov, Not a simple behavior of the simple metals at high pressure. Phys. Uspekhi 48(8), 761–780 (2005)
33.
Zurück zum Zitat G.S. Atwal, I.G. Khalil, N.W. Ashcroft, Dynamical local-field factors and effective interactions in the two-dimensional electron liquid. Phys. Rev. B 67, 115107 (2003)CrossRef G.S. Atwal, I.G. Khalil, N.W. Ashcroft, Dynamical local-field factors and effective interactions in the two-dimensional electron liquid. Phys. Rev. B 67, 115107 (2003)CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat V.V. Mirkovich, Electrical resistance anisotropy of a POCO AXM-5Q1 graphite. Int. J. Thermophys. 8(6), 795–801 (1987) V.V. Mirkovich, Electrical resistance anisotropy of a POCO AXM-5Q1 graphite. Int. J. Thermophys. 8(6), 795–801 (1987)
35.
Zurück zum Zitat S.V. Lebedev, A.I. Savvatimskiy, The electrical resistivity of graphite in a wide range of condensed state. High Temp. 24(5), 892–899 (1986) S.V. Lebedev, A.I. Savvatimskiy, The electrical resistivity of graphite in a wide range of condensed state. High Temp. 24(5), 892–899 (1986)
36.
Zurück zum Zitat S.V. Lebedev, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Investigation of metals and graphite under conditions of rapid electric heating, in Thermal Physics Reviews, eds. by A.E. Sheindlin, V.E. Fortov. Section B, vol. 5 part 3, (Yverdon, Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers GmbH, 1993), p. 1–79 S.V. Lebedev, A.I. Savvatimskiy, Investigation of metals and graphite under conditions of rapid electric heating, in Thermal Physics Reviews, eds. by A.E. Sheindlin, V.E. Fortov. Section B, vol. 5 part 3, (Yverdon, Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers GmbH, 1993), p. 1–79
37.
Zurück zum Zitat R.B. Kotelnikov, S.N. Bashlykov, Z.G. Galiakbarov, A.I. Kashtanov, Especially refractory elements and compounds, (reference-book), Metallurgy, Moscow, (1969). 372 pp. in Russian R.B. Kotelnikov, S.N. Bashlykov, Z.G. Galiakbarov, A.I. Kashtanov, Especially refractory elements and compounds, (reference-book), Metallurgy, Moscow, (1969). 372 pp. in Russian
38.
Zurück zum Zitat G. Machin, G. Beynon, F. Edler, S. Fourrez, J. Hartmann, D. Lowe, R. Morice, M. Sadli, M. Villamanan, HIMERT: A pan-European project for the development of metal-carbon eutectics as temperature standards, A report presented at 8th Temperature Symposium, Chicago, 21–24 Oct 2002 G. Machin, G. Beynon, F. Edler, S. Fourrez, J. Hartmann, D. Lowe, R. Morice, M. Sadli, M. Villamanan, HIMERT: A pan-European project for the development of metal-carbon eutectics as temperature standards, A report presented at 8th Temperature Symposium, Chicago, 21–24 Oct 2002
39.
Zurück zum Zitat V. Korobenko, A. Savvatimskiy, Electrical resistivity of expanded liquid carbon at high temperatures and high pressures, in Proceedings of the International Conference Thermal conductivity 30 and Thermal expansion 18, DEStech Publication, Inc., 2010, 787–793 V. Korobenko, A. Savvatimskiy, Electrical resistivity of expanded liquid carbon at high temperatures and high pressures, in Proceedings of the International Conference Thermal conductivity 30 and Thermal expansion 18, DEStech Publication, Inc., 2010, 787–793
Metadaten
Titel
Experimental Setup in Fast Heating of Carbon
verfasst von
Alexander Savvatimskiy
Copyright-Jahr
2015
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21350-7_7

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.