Skip to main content

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Extended Tower Number Field Sieve: A New Complexity for the Medium Prime Case

verfasst von : Taechan Kim, Razvan Barbulescu

Erschienen in: Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2016

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

We introduce a new variant of the number field sieve algorithm for discrete logarithms in \(\mathbb {F}_{p^n}\) called exTNFS. The most important modification is done in the polynomial selection step, which determines the cost of the whole algorithm: if one knows how to select good polynomials to tackle discrete logarithms in \(\mathbb {F}_{p^\kappa }\), exTNFS allows to use this method when tackling \(\mathbb {F}_{p^{\eta \kappa }}\) whenever \(\gcd (\eta ,\kappa )=1\). This simple fact has consequences on the asymptotic complexity of NFS in the medium prime case, where the complexity is reduced from \(L_Q(1/3,\root 3 \of {96/9})\) to \(L_Q(1/3,\root 3 \of {48/9})\), \(Q=p^n\), respectively from \(L_Q(1/3,2.15)\) to \(L_Q(1/3,1.71)\) if multiple number fields are used. On the practical side, exTNFS can be used when \(n=6\) and \(n=12\) and this requires to updating the keysizes used for the associated pairing-based cryptosystems.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Anhänge
Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Aoki, K., Franke, J., Kleinjung, T., Lenstra, A.K., Osvik, D.A.: A kilobit special number field sieve factorization. In: Kurosawa, K. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2007. LNCS, vol. 4833, pp. 1–12. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)CrossRef Aoki, K., Franke, J., Kleinjung, T., Lenstra, A.K., Osvik, D.A.: A kilobit special number field sieve factorization. In: Kurosawa, K. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2007. LNCS, vol. 4833, pp. 1–12. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Aranha, D.F., Fuentes-Castañeda, L., Knapp, E., Menezes, A., Rodríguez-Henríquez, F.: Implementing pairings at the 192-bit security level. In: Abdalla, M., Lange, T. (eds.) Pairing 2012. LNCS, vol. 7708, pp. 177–195. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)CrossRef Aranha, D.F., Fuentes-Castañeda, L., Knapp, E., Menezes, A., Rodríguez-Henríquez, F.: Implementing pairings at the 192-bit security level. In: Abdalla, M., Lange, T. (eds.) Pairing 2012. LNCS, vol. 7708, pp. 177–195. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Barbulescu, R.: Algorithms of discrete logarithm in finite fields. Ph.D. thesis, Université de Lorraine, December 2013 Barbulescu, R.: Algorithms of discrete logarithm in finite fields. Ph.D. thesis, Université de Lorraine, December 2013
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Barbulescu, R.: An appendix for a recent paper of Kim. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2015:1076 (2015) Barbulescu, R.: An appendix for a recent paper of Kim. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2015:1076 (2015)
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Barbulescu, R., Gaudry, P., Guillevic, A., Morain, F.: Improving NFS for the discrete logarithm problem in non-prime finite fields. In: Oswald, E., Fischlin, M. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2015. LNCS, vol. 9056, pp. 129–155. Springer, Heidelberg (2015) Barbulescu, R., Gaudry, P., Guillevic, A., Morain, F.: Improving NFS for the discrete logarithm problem in non-prime finite fields. In: Oswald, E., Fischlin, M. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2015. LNCS, vol. 9056, pp. 129–155. Springer, Heidelberg (2015)
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Barbulescu, R., Gaudry, P., Joux, A., Thomé, E.: A heuristic quasi-polynomial algorithm for discrete logarithm in finite fields of small characteristic. In: Nguyen, P.Q., Oswald, E. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2014. LNCS, vol. 8441, pp. 1–16. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)CrossRef Barbulescu, R., Gaudry, P., Joux, A., Thomé, E.: A heuristic quasi-polynomial algorithm for discrete logarithm in finite fields of small characteristic. In: Nguyen, P.Q., Oswald, E. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2014. LNCS, vol. 8441, pp. 1–16. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)CrossRef
7.
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Barreto, P.S.L.M., Naehrig, M.: Pairing-friendly elliptic curves of prime order. In: Preneel, B., Tavares, S. (eds.) SAC 2005. LNCS, vol. 3897, pp. 319–331. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRef Barreto, P.S.L.M., Naehrig, M.: Pairing-friendly elliptic curves of prime order. In: Preneel, B., Tavares, S. (eds.) SAC 2005. LNCS, vol. 3897, pp. 319–331. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Beuchat, J.-L., González-Díaz, J.E., Mitsunari, S., Okamoto, E., Rodríguez-Henríquez, F., Teruya, T.: High-speed software implementation of the optimal ate pairing over Barreto–Naehrig curves. In: Joye, M., Miyaji, A., Otsuka, A. (eds.) Pairing 2010. LNCS, vol. 6487, pp. 21–39. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)CrossRef Beuchat, J.-L., González-Díaz, J.E., Mitsunari, S., Okamoto, E., Rodríguez-Henríquez, F., Teruya, T.: High-speed software implementation of the optimal ate pairing over Barreto–Naehrig curves. In: Joye, M., Miyaji, A., Otsuka, A. (eds.) Pairing 2010. LNCS, vol. 6487, pp. 21–39. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Bistritz, Y., Lifshitz, A.: Bounds for resultants of univariate, bivariate polynomials. Linear Algebra Appl. 432(8), 1995–2005 (2010). Special Issue Devoted to the 15th ILAS Conference at Cancun, Mexico, 16–20 June 2008MathSciNetCrossRefMATH Bistritz, Y., Lifshitz, A.: Bounds for resultants of univariate, bivariate polynomials. Linear Algebra Appl. 432(8), 1995–2005 (2010). Special Issue Devoted to the 15th ILAS Conference at Cancun, Mexico, 16–20 June 2008MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Bouvier, C., Gaudry, P., Imbert, L., Jeljeli, H., Thom, E.: Discrete logarithms in GF(p) – 180 digits. Announcement available at the NMBRTHRY Archives, item 004703 (2014) Bouvier, C., Gaudry, P., Imbert, L., Jeljeli, H., Thom, E.: Discrete logarithms in GF(p) – 180 digits. Announcement available at the NMBRTHRY Archives, item 004703 (2014)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Chatterjee, S., Menezes, A., Rodriguez-Henriquez, F.: On implementing pairing-based protocols with elliptic curves of embedding degree one. Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2016/403 (2016). http://eprint.iacr.org/2016/403 Chatterjee, S., Menezes, A., Rodriguez-Henriquez, F.: On implementing pairing-based protocols with elliptic curves of embedding degree one. Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2016/403 (2016). http://​eprint.​iacr.​org/​2016/​403
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Chillotti, I., Gama, N., Georgieva, M., Izabachène, M.: A homomorphic LWE based E-voting scheme. In: Takagi, T., et al. (eds.) PQCrypto 2016. LNCS, vol. 9606, pp. 245–265. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29360-8_16 CrossRef Chillotti, I., Gama, N., Georgieva, M., Izabachène, M.: A homomorphic LWE based E-voting scheme. In: Takagi, T., et al. (eds.) PQCrypto 2016. LNCS, vol. 9606, pp. 245–265. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). doi:10.​1007/​978-3-319-29360-8_​16 CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Commeine, A., Semaev, I.A.: An algorithm to solve the discrete logarithm problem with the number field sieve. In: Yung, M., Dodis, Y., Kiayias, A., Malkin, T. (eds.) PKC 2006. LNCS, vol. 3958, pp. 174–190. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRef Commeine, A., Semaev, I.A.: An algorithm to solve the discrete logarithm problem with the number field sieve. In: Yung, M., Dodis, Y., Kiayias, A., Malkin, T. (eds.) PKC 2006. LNCS, vol. 3958, pp. 174–190. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Freeman, D.: Constructing pairing-friendly elliptic curves with embedding degree 10. In: Hess, F., Pauli, S., Pohst, M. (eds.) ANTS 2006. LNCS, vol. 4076, pp. 452–465. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRef Freeman, D.: Constructing pairing-friendly elliptic curves with embedding degree 10. In: Hess, F., Pauli, S., Pohst, M. (eds.) ANTS 2006. LNCS, vol. 4076, pp. 452–465. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRef
19.
20.
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Joux, A., Lercier, R., Smart, N.P., Vercauteren, F.: The number field sieve in the medium prime case. In: Dwork, C. (ed.) CRYPTO 2006. LNCS, vol. 4117, pp. 326–344. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRef Joux, A., Lercier, R., Smart, N.P., Vercauteren, F.: The number field sieve in the medium prime case. In: Dwork, C. (ed.) CRYPTO 2006. LNCS, vol. 4117, pp. 326–344. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Joux, A., Pierrot, C.: The special number field sieve in \(\mathbb{F}_{p^{n}}\). In: Cao, Z., Zhang, F. (eds.) Pairing 2013. LNCS, vol. 8365, pp. 45–61. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)CrossRef Joux, A., Pierrot, C.: The special number field sieve in \(\mathbb{F}_{p^{n}}\). In: Cao, Z., Zhang, F. (eds.) Pairing 2013. LNCS, vol. 8365, pp. 45–61. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim, T.: Extended tower number field sieve: a new complexity for medium prime case. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2015:1027 (2015) Kim, T.: Extended tower number field sieve: a new complexity for medium prime case. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2015:1027 (2015)
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Lenstra, A.K.: Unbelievable security. In: Boyd, C. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2001. LNCS, vol. 2248, p. 67. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)CrossRef Lenstra, A.K.: Unbelievable security. In: Boyd, C. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2001. LNCS, vol. 2248, p. 67. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Matyukhin, D.V.: Effective version of the number field sieve for discrete logarithm in a field \({{GF}}(p^{k})\). Trudy po Diskretnoi Matematike 9, 121–151 (2006) Matyukhin, D.V.: Effective version of the number field sieve for discrete logarithm in a field \({{GF}}(p^{k})\). Trudy po Diskretnoi Matematike 9, 121–151 (2006)
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Odlyzko, A.M.: The future of integer factorization. CryptoBytes (Tech. Newsl. RSA Lab.) 1(2), 5–12 (1995) Odlyzko, A.M.: The future of integer factorization. CryptoBytes (Tech. Newsl. RSA Lab.) 1(2), 5–12 (1995)
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Pierrot, C.: The multiple number field sieve with conjugation and generalized Joux-Lercier methods. In: Oswald, E., Fischlin, M. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2015. LNCS, vol. 9056, pp. 156–170. Springer, Heidelberg (2015) Pierrot, C.: The multiple number field sieve with conjugation and generalized Joux-Lercier methods. In: Oswald, E., Fischlin, M. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2015. LNCS, vol. 9056, pp. 156–170. Springer, Heidelberg (2015)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Sarkar, P., Singh, S.: New complexity trade-offs for the (multiple) number field sieve algorithm in non-prime fields. In: Fischlin, M., Coron, J.-S. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2016. LNCS, vol. 9665, pp. 429–458. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49890-3_17 CrossRef Sarkar, P., Singh, S.: New complexity trade-offs for the (multiple) number field sieve algorithm in non-prime fields. In: Fischlin, M., Coron, J.-S. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2016. LNCS, vol. 9665, pp. 429–458. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). doi:10.​1007/​978-3-662-49890-3_​17 CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Schirokauer, O.: Discrete logarithms and local units. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A: Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 345(1676), 409–423 (1993)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH Schirokauer, O.: Discrete logarithms and local units. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A: Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 345(1676), 409–423 (1993)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
33.
Metadaten
Titel
Extended Tower Number Field Sieve: A New Complexity for the Medium Prime Case
verfasst von
Taechan Kim
Razvan Barbulescu
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53018-4_20

Premium Partner