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Erschienen in:
Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. From Separation to Convergence: The Economic Development of the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkification of Northern Cyprus

verfasst von : Tufan Ekici

Erschienen in: The Political and Economic History of North Cyprus

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Two crucial points of reference for Turkish Cypriots are identified, allowing a comparative assessment to be undertaken. First, the north’s position in relation to the development of the Republic of Cyprus is examined post 1974 and, second, the north’s relationship with Turkey is examined also post 1974. Appreciation of these two contending development trajectories or models is necessary to understand the governance regimes which emerged in the north.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Economic and Institutional Foundations of Turkish Cypriot Governance and the ‘ITEM’ Law
Nächstes Kapitel The Labour Market
Fußnoten
1
Strong (1999), p. 63.
 
2
Paxton (1978), p. 376.
 
3
Ekici and Caner (2016), Table 2.4.
 
4
Syrichas et al. (2012), Chart 1.6, p. 15.
 
5
Ibid., p. 17.
 
6
Strong (1999), p. 247.
 
7
These investments were a cement factory, a bank, a plastic and a metal pipe factory and a mining company (Strong, p. 253).
 
8
TEPAV (2014) (in Turkish) has a comprehensive overview.
 
9
Strong includes some discussion of this Bank’s contribution to the economic development (pp. 262–270).
 
10
Strong (1999), p. 78.
 
11
Ibid., p. 79.
 
12
Ibid., p. 81, Fig 2.9.
 
13
Ibid., p. 83, Fig 2.11.
 
14
Ibid., p. 90, Fig 2.16.
 
15
Ibid., p. 113.
 
16
Ibid., p. 108.
 
17
Syrichas et al. (2012).
 
18
Ibid., pp. 28–29.
 
19
This does not mean that the economic development stopped significantly, but rather there were other economic problems (e.g., global economic crisis that began in 2008, financial crisis in Cyprus) that derailed the economic trajectory of Cyprus.
 
20
The earliest available for north are from 1977.
 
21
Other financial aid was the humanitarian aid by United Nations and the USA. In 1978, the state hospital was constructed with the financial assistance from Turkey. The equipment to be used in this hospital was donated by the USA and UNHCR in the amount of 463.2 million Cyprus pounds, and $900,000 worth of other projects were ongoing. Other help in the form of technical assistance or training scholarship was also awarded to the Turkish Cypriots by the international actors (TFSC, Ministry of Health and Social Services, 1979 Activities Report, p. 77).
 
22
Ismail (2001).
 
23
Lacher and Kaymak (2005), p. 156.
 
24
Ibid., footnote 27.
 
25
Sonan (2007), p. 8.
 
26
Ibid., p. 12.
 
27
Ibid., p. 14.
 
28
TRNC Parliament Reports, 31 January 1997a.
 
29
See Morgenthau (1962) and Syed (1970) for earlier analysis on this point of view.
 
30
See, for example, Ohlin (1966).
 
31
Republic of Turkey, National Security Council, Proceedings Report, Volume 7, Session 110, 1 July 1982, pp. 143–145.
 
32
Sonay Adem (CTP) claimed that there was a meeting held at Turkish President’s Chambers on 1 February 1990 (participants included Turkish president, foreign minister, state minister, Turkish ambassador in Nicosia and commander of Turkish Army) to discuss how to interfere in the 1990 elections in TRNC to make sure Denktaş and UBP win (TRNC Parliament Proceedings, 24 October 1997b, p. 440).
 
33
Economic Collaboration Agreement between TRNC-TR [KKTC-TC Arasinda Ekonomi İşbirliği Protokolu], 5 December 1986.
 
34
TRNC Parliament Proceedings, 22 December 1986, p. 2400.
 
35
Ibid., p. 2413.
 
36
Ibid., p. 2467.
 
37
Granger causality is a statistical test for determining if there is a statistical relationship between two time-series variables that can be used to forecast each other (Granger 1969).
 
38
US Cable (2009).
 
39
There was a change of government and the establishment of this office is currently put on hold. However, the interference of Turkey in north Cyprus’ political, social and cultural life continues.
 
Literatur
Ekici, Tufan, and Gizem Caner. 2016. TRNC Sectoral Analysis – Tourism. PRIO Cyprus Working Paper, Nicosia.
Grand National Assembly of Turkey [Turkiye Buyuk Millet Meclisi, TBMM], Parliament Proceedings, Volume 13, Meeting 13, Session 4, 23 July 1974.
———, Parliament Proceedings, Volume 13, Meeting 13, Session 5, 19 August 1974.
Granger, C.W.J. 1969. Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-spectral Methods. Econometrica 37 (3): 424–438.
Ismail, Sabahattin. 2001. TC-KKTC Ikili Anlasma ve Protokoller [Bilateral Agreements and Protocols between TR-TRNC]. Highlands, TX: AHA Publishing.
Lacher, Hannes, and Erol Kaymak. 2005. Transforming Identities: Beyond the Politics of Non-settlement in North Cyprus. Mediterranean Politics 10 (2): 147–166.CrossRef
Morgenthau, H. 1962. A Political Theory of Foreign Aid. The American Political Science Review (2): 301–309.
Ohlin, G. 1966. Foreign Aid Policy Reconsidered. Paris: OECD.
Paxton, John. 1978. The Statesman’s Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World, 1978–1979. London: The Macmillan Press Ltd.
Sonan, Sertac. 2007. From Bankruptcy to Unification and EU Membership: The Political-Economy of Post-Nationalist Transformation in Northern Cyprus. RAMSES Working Paper 9/07, European Studies Centre, University of Oxford, April.
Strong, Paul Nicholas. 1999. The Economic Consequences of Ethno-National Conflict in Cyprus: The Development of Two Siege Economies after 1963 and 1974. PhD Dissertation, London School of Economics, July.
Syed, A. 1970. Foreign Aid: Case Studies in Recipient Independence. Pakistan Horizon 1: 15–36.
Syrichas, George, Anna Markidou, and Marios Louca. 2012. The Cyprus Economy: Past Successes, Current and Future Challenges. In The Cyprus Economy: Historical Review, Prospects, Challenges, ed. Athanasios Orphanides and George Syrichas. Nicosia: Central Bank of Cyprus, Cassoulides Masterprinters.
TEPAV. 2014. Kibris Vakiflar Idaresi, Kurumsal Arkaplan Raporu I [Cyprus Vakiflar Management, Institutional Background Report I], Turkiye Ekonomi Politikalari Arastirma Vakfi, 11 August 2014.
TFSC, Ministry of Health and Social Services [KTFD Saglik ve Sosyal isler Bakanligi], Activities Report 1979, Nicosia.
TRNC Parliament Proceedings [KKTC Meclis Tutanaklari], Term I, Year 1986/2, Session 23, 22 December 1986.
———, Term III, Year 1997/4, Session 33, 31 January 1997a.
———, Term III, Year 1997/5, Session 7, 24 October 1997b.
Metadaten
Titel
From Separation to Convergence: The Economic Development of the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkification of Northern Cyprus
verfasst von
Tufan Ekici
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Buch
The Political and Economic History of North Cyprus

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-13478-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-13479-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13479-2_4

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