High-solid and Multi-phase Bioprocess Engineering

Theory and Practice

verfasst von: Prof. Hongzhang Chen

Verlag: Springer Singapore

Buchreihe : Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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Über dieses Buch

This book provides a comprehensive description of theories and applications of high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess engineering, which is considered as an important way to address the challenges of "high energy consumption, high pollution and high emissions" in bio-industry. It starts from specifying the solid-phase matrix properties that contribute to a series of “solid effects” on bioprocess, including mass transfer restrictions in porous media, water binding effects, rheological changes. Then it proposes the new principles of periodic intensification which combines the normal force and physiologic characteristics of microorganism for the bioprocess optimization and scale-up. Further breakthroughs in key periodic intensification techniques such as periodic peristalsis and gas pressure pulsation are described in detail which provide an industrialization platform and lay the foundation for high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess engineering. This book offers an excellent reference and guide for scientists and engineers engaged in the research on both the theoretical and practical aspects of high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Introduction

Abstract

High-solid and multi-phase bioprocess system refers to the system with more than 15% solid loading. Usually, the system is composed of solid, liquid, and gas phases. It has become the hot topic in bioprocess due to the merits of environmental friendly, water saving, and energy saving. However, “solid effect” caused by high-solid loading results in a series of problems such as high viscosity, high stirring energy consumption, and low conversion. In this chapter, overview of high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess, as well as some characteristics, is elaborated. Additionally, novel enhancement measures and integration concept for high-solid and multi-phase system are briefly introduced from the aspect of process engineering scientific theory.

Hongzhang Chen

Chapter 2. Physical–Chemical Properties of Solid Substrates

Abstract

Physical–chemical properties of solid substrates are important parameters of high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess. The chemical properties refer to the biomass recalcitrance and heterogeneity which caused by its chemical composition. The physical properties include porous properties, rheology properties, and water state. In this chapter, the composition and recalcitrance of the solid substrates are analyzed, and the change laws of physical–chemical properties such as porous properties, rheology properties, and water states are revealed, which is significant for bioconversion of biomass in high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess. In addition, solid effects caused by physical–chemical properties of solid substrates were also systematically discussed and investigated with the expectation of guiding bioconversion process of biomass.

Hongzhang Chen

Chapter 3. Intensify Bioreaction Accessibility and Feedstock Refinery Process

Abstract

Biomass is a kind of material featured by diversity, multicomponent, and multi-scale. Various flow, complex flow characteristics, and coupling effects between solid matrix and flow movement make it being the limitation in solving mass transfer. In this chapter, based on analysis of chemical and physical characteristics of biomass, the principle and methods of enhancing the accessibility of solid substrate in high-solid and multi-phase bioprocesses are introduced. The novel process and the steam explosion refining platform for the utilization of multicomponents of solid substrate have been established, which are based on the relationship of characteristics of solid substrate and enhanced process of accessibility of the biological reaction.

Hongzhang Chen

Chapter 4. Microbe and Multienzyme Systems of High-solid and Multi-phase Bioreaction

Abstract

Biocatalysts (microbe and enzymes) are sensitive to environmental factors. In high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess system, high-solid loading leads to special colony structure and “microbial ecosystems”. It is necessary to screen microorganisms and enzymes which have high osmotic tolerance and substrate-capturing ability. In this chapter, based on feature of high-solid and multi-phase process, suitable screening principles and methods of microorganisms and enzymes are discussed. Clostridium acetobutylicum with high butanol productivity is taken as an example to carry out the engineering practice of rational selection of strains and construct the domestication microbial system and enzyme catalysis systems.

Hongzhang Chen

Chapter 5. Periodic Intensification Principles and Methods of High-solid and Multi-phase Bioprocess

Abstract

High-solid and multi-phase bioprocess is an interactive process among microorganism and environmental factors. Various environmental stimulations will affect microbial growth and metabolism in high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess. In this chapter, periodic intensification principle is proposed based on microbial physiology and biochemistry properties. Novel periodic intensification methods such as periodic peristalsis and gas double dynamic (GDD) were used in high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess to improve microbial performance, and mechanisms of the two intensification methods are systematically analyzed. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that periodic peristalsis and gas double dynamic can effectively intensify microbial growth and target products formation.

Hongzhang Chen

Chapter 6. Design and Scale-up of High-solid and Multi-phase Bioprocess

Abstract

The rheological properties in high-solid and multi-phase system are different from that of ordinary fluids because of the high solid content. Thus, there is new requirement for solid-state reactor and large-scale solid materials conveyor devices. In this chapter, the rheological characteristics of high-solid enzymatic hydrolysis system were analyzed and the transfer and seepage laws in the porous solid medium were revealed. Agitation and intensification methods for the high-solid and multi-phase system were also studied. Based on the above, the high-solid and multi-phase reactor and corresponding large-scale conveyor devices were developed, and prospect for the engineering application and development direction of the high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess in the future were provided.

Hongzhang Chen

Chapter 7. Online Detection of High-solid and Multi-phase Bioprocess Parameters

Abstract

Parameter monitoring is the key in high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess, which is also a core problem to be solved in its industrialization process. While solid-state substrate has the characteristics of heterogeneity, poor mobility, low moisture content, and parameters (temperature, moisture content, biomass) with large gradient, resulting in great difficulties for parameters monitoring and control in reaction process and proposing higher requirements for parameters monitoring and control. This chapter focuses on parameters monitoring and control in solid-state fermentation (SSF) and high-solid enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass, in order to obtain more important parameters, which could provide the guidance for optimizing and regulation of the high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess.

Hongzhang Chen

Chapter 8. Industrial Application of High-solid and Multi-phase Bioprocess

Abstract

In this chapter, two typical high-solid and multi-phase bioprocesses including cellulosic ethanol fermentation and cellulase fermentation are discussed. In cellulosic ethanol production, selective fractionation and oriented conversion of lignocellulose based on steam explosion is the core of the whole technology. Selective fractionation is realized by steam explosion and whole components of lignocellulose are effectively used. Gas double-dynamic solid-state fermentation is employed for cellulase production. Both technological and economic feasibility in the two systems are analyzed. The two demonstration projects prove that high-solid and multi-phase bioprocess have economic and environmental benefits, which can effectively promote Chinese bioindustry development.

Hongzhang Chen

Titel: High-solid and Multi-phase Bioprocess Engineering
verfasst von: Prof. Hongzhang Chen
Verlag: Springer Singapore
Electronic ISBN: 978-981-10-6352-7
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-6351-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6352-7