High Speed Broadband Mobile Networks

At the beginning of 1990, GSM with digital communication commenced as the 2nd generation mobile network and achieved staggering popularity of mobile cellular technology. With the evolution of wideband 3G UMTS, the usage of broadband wireless technology was further enhanced for many day-to-day applications. UMTS was primarily designed with dedicated channel allocation to support circuit-switched services however it was also designed with the motivation to provide better support for the IP based application than GPRS (General Packet Radio Service). Later, the 3GPP standard evolved into high-speed packet access technologies for downlink and uplink transmission [22]. They were popular in practice as HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) and HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet Access). The latest step being investigated and developed in 3GPP is EPS (Evolved Packet System) which represents an evolution of 3G into an evolved radio access referred to as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and an evolved packet access core network in the System Architecture Evolution (SAE) [46]. Currently, the first deployment of LTE is entering the market [54].