Skip to main content

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

7. How to Develop a KOS to Serve Interdisciplinarity

verfasst von : Rick Szostak, Claudio Gnoli, María López-Huertas

Erschienen in: Interdisciplinary Knowledge Organization

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This chapter begins with several strategies for developing the sort of general classification urged in preceding chapters. It first discusses strategies for reducing ambiguity. It then addresses how to structure a phenomenon-based KOS. Integrative levels, dependence relationships, and general systems theory are explored. The chapter then looks in some detail at the practical classification of phenomena and relationships.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
More detailed advice on how to develop such a classification can be found on the websites of the Integrative Levels Classification (see Integrative Levels Classification 2004) and the Basic Concepts Classification (see Szostak 2013). These are described in more detail in Chap. 4.
 
2
A third option would be to start from kinds of documents, like school handbooks or academic articles or documentary films, that is from the dimension of carriers; but clearly this would lead us even farther from an interdisciplinary approach. It is nevertheless valuable to classify documents in terms of this dimension, and facilitate searches that might illuminate how different types of carrier operate in different fields.
 
3
A detailed bibliography on levels theories and their application to knowledge organization, edited by Claudio Gnoli and Hong Mei, is available at www.​iskoi.​org/​ilc/​ref.​php.
 
4
This does not mean that all parts are identified hierarchically. Molecules, for example, are not treated as parts of organisms, but are rather classified in their own right. Only parts that are tied to a particular class—such as the administrative units of a particular state—are treated hierarchically.
 
5
There are still challenges. Gnoli et al. (2011) discusses several practical problems in providing notation within a freely faceted classification.
 
6
We utilize the terms ‘things’ or ‘entities’ here, as ‘phenomena’ are often defined to include ‘properties.’
 
7
We ignore here Farradane’s more abstract discussion of appurtenance, concurrence, and so on.
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Barriere C (2002) Hierarchical refinement and representation of the causal relation. Terminology 8(1):91–111 Barriere C (2002) Hierarchical refinement and representation of the causal relation. Terminology 8(1):91–111
Zurück zum Zitat Barthes R (2000) Mythologies (Lavers A, Trans.) Hill and Wang, New York [Originally published 1957] Barthes R (2000) Mythologies (Lavers A, Trans.) Hill and Wang, New York [Originally published 1957]
Zurück zum Zitat Beghtol C (1998) Knowledge domains: multidisciplinarity and bibliographic classification systems. Knowl Org 25(1/2):1–12 Beghtol C (1998) Knowledge domains: multidisciplinarity and bibliographic classification systems. Knowl Org 25(1/2):1–12
Zurück zum Zitat von Bertalanffy L (1968) General system theory: foundations, development, applications. Braziller, New York von Bertalanffy L (1968) General system theory: foundations, development, applications. Braziller, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Blair D (2006) Wittgenstein, language, and information: ‘Back to the Rough Ground!’. Springer, DordrechtCrossRef Blair D (2006) Wittgenstein, language, and information: ‘Back to the Rough Ground!’. Springer, DordrechtCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Blitz D (1992) Emergent evolution: qualitative novelty and the levels of reality. Kluwer, New YorkCrossRef Blitz D (1992) Emergent evolution: qualitative novelty and the levels of reality. Kluwer, New YorkCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Boulding K (1956) General systems theory: the skeleton of a science. Manage Sci 2(3):197–208CrossRef Boulding K (1956) General systems theory: the skeleton of a science. Manage Sci 2(3):197–208CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Broughton V (2010) Concepts and terms in the faceted classification: the case of UDC. Knowl Org 37(4):270–279 Broughton V (2010) Concepts and terms in the faceted classification: the case of UDC. Knowl Org 37(4):270–279
Zurück zum Zitat Bunge M (1979) A treatise on basic philosophy, vol 4, Ontology 2: a world of systems. Kluwer, Dordrecht Bunge M (1979) A treatise on basic philosophy, vol 4, Ontology 2: a world of systems. Kluwer, Dordrecht
Zurück zum Zitat DeRidder JL (2007) The immediate prospects for the application of ontologies in digital libraries. Knowl Org 34(4):227–246 DeRidder JL (2007) The immediate prospects for the application of ontologies in digital libraries. Knowl Org 34(4):227–246
Zurück zum Zitat Dooyeweerd H (1997) A new critique of theoretical thought. Edwin Mellen, Lewiston, NY Dooyeweerd H (1997) A new critique of theoretical thought. Edwin Mellen, Lewiston, NY
Zurück zum Zitat Dousa TM (2010) The simple and the complex in E.C. Richardson’s theory of classification: observations on an early KO model of the relationship between ontology and epistemology. In: Gnoli C, Mazzocchi F (eds) Paradigms and conceptual systems in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the Eleventh international ISKO conference, Rome, Italy. Ergon, Würzburg Dousa TM (2010) The simple and the complex in E.C. Richardson’s theory of classification: observations on an early KO model of the relationship between ontology and epistemology. In: Gnoli C, Mazzocchi F (eds) Paradigms and conceptual systems in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the Eleventh international ISKO conference, Rome, Italy. Ergon, Würzburg
Zurück zum Zitat Farradane J (1967) Concept organization for information retrieval. Inform Storage Ret 3:297–314CrossRef Farradane J (1967) Concept organization for information retrieval. Inform Storage Ret 3:297–314CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Feibleman JK (1954) Theory of integrative levels. Br J Philos Sci 5(17):59–66, Reprinted in Theory of subject analysis (1985) Chan et al LM (eds) Libraries Unlimited, Littleton. pp 136–142CrossRef Feibleman JK (1954) Theory of integrative levels. Br J Philos Sci 5(17):59–66, Reprinted in Theory of subject analysis (1985) Chan et al LM (eds) Libraries Unlimited, Littleton. pp 136–142CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fellbaum CD (2002) On the semantics of troponymy. In: Green R, Bean CA, Myaeng SH (eds) The semantics of relationships. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 23–34CrossRef Fellbaum CD (2002) On the semantics of troponymy. In: Green R, Bean CA, Myaeng SH (eds) The semantics of relationships. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 23–34CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Foskett AC (1996) The subject approach to information, 5th edn. Library Association Publishing, London Foskett AC (1996) The subject approach to information, 5th edn. Library Association Publishing, London
Zurück zum Zitat Foskett DJ (1961) Classification and integrative levels. In: Foskett DJ, Palmer BI (eds) The Sayers memorial volume. Library Association, London Foskett DJ (1961) Classification and integrative levels. In: Foskett DJ, Palmer BI (eds) The Sayers memorial volume. Library Association, London
Zurück zum Zitat Foskett DJ (1972) Information and general systems theory. J Librarianship 4(3):205–209CrossRef Foskett DJ (1972) Information and general systems theory. J Librarianship 4(3):205–209CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Foskett DJ (1974) Information and systems philosophy. J Librarianship 6(2):126–130CrossRef Foskett DJ (1974) Information and systems philosophy. J Librarianship 6(2):126–130CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Foskett DJ (1978) The theory of integrative levels and its relevance to the design of information systems. Aslib Proc 30(6):202–208CrossRef Foskett DJ (1978) The theory of integrative levels and its relevance to the design of information systems. Aslib Proc 30(6):202–208CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gardin J-C (1965) SYNTOL. Graduate School of Library Service, Rutgers, the State University, New Brunswick, NJMATH Gardin J-C (1965) SYNTOL. Graduate School of Library Service, Rutgers, the State University, New Brunswick, NJMATH
Zurück zum Zitat Gnoli C (2006a) Phylogenetic classification. Knowl Org 33(3):138–152 Gnoli C (2006a) Phylogenetic classification. Knowl Org 33(3):138–152
Zurück zum Zitat Gnoli C (2006b) The meaning of facets in non-disciplinary classification. In: Budin G, Swertz C, Mitgutsch K (eds) Knowledge Organization for a global learning society: proceedings of the 9th ISKO conference. Ergon, Würzburg, pp 11–18 Gnoli C (2006b) The meaning of facets in non-disciplinary classification. In: Budin G, Swertz C, Mitgutsch K (eds) Knowledge Organization for a global learning society: proceedings of the 9th ISKO conference. Ergon, Würzburg, pp 11–18
Zurück zum Zitat Gnoli C (2008a) Facets: a fruitful notion in many domains. Axiomathes 18(2) Gnoli C (2008a) Facets: a fruitful notion in many domains. Axiomathes 18(2)
Zurück zum Zitat Gnoli C (2008b) Categories and facets in integrative levels. Axiomathes 18(2):177–192CrossRef Gnoli C (2008b) Categories and facets in integrative levels. Axiomathes 18(2):177–192CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gnoli C (2010) Levels, types, facets: three structural principles for KO. In: Gnoli C, Mazzocchi F (eds) Paradigms and conceptual systems in knowledge organization: proceedings of the eleventh international ISKO conference, Rome, Italy. Ergon, Würzburg, pp 129–137 Gnoli C (2010) Levels, types, facets: three structural principles for KO. In: Gnoli C, Mazzocchi F (eds) Paradigms and conceptual systems in knowledge organization: proceedings of the eleventh international ISKO conference, Rome, Italy. Ergon, Würzburg, pp 129–137
Zurück zum Zitat Gnoli C (2013) Facets, levels, and semantic factoring. SRELS J Inform Manage 50(6):751–762 Gnoli C (2013) Facets, levels, and semantic factoring. SRELS J Inform Manage 50(6):751–762
Zurück zum Zitat Gnoli C, Bosch M, Mazzocchi F (2007) A new relationship for multidisciplinary knowledge organization systems: dependance. In: Bravo BR, Diez LA (eds) Interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity in the Organization of Scientific Knowledge: Actas del VIII Congreso ISKO-Espana, Leon. University of Leon, Leon, pp 399–410 Gnoli C, Bosch M, Mazzocchi F (2007) A new relationship for multidisciplinary knowledge organization systems: dependance. In: Bravo BR, Diez LA (eds) Interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity in the Organization of Scientific Knowledge: Actas del VIII Congreso ISKO-Espana, Leon. University of Leon, Leon, pp 399–410
Zurück zum Zitat Gnoli C, Pullmann T, Cousson P, Merli G, Szostak R (2011) Representing the structural elements of a freely faceted classification. In: Slavic A, Civallero E (eds) Classification and ontology: formal approaches and access to knowledge: proceedings of the International UDC Seminar, The Hague. Ergon Verlag, Würzburg, pp 193–206 Gnoli C, Pullmann T, Cousson P, Merli G, Szostak R (2011) Representing the structural elements of a freely faceted classification. In: Slavic A, Civallero E (eds) Classification and ontology: formal approaches and access to knowledge: proceedings of the International UDC Seminar, The Hague. Ergon Verlag, Würzburg, pp 193–206
Zurück zum Zitat Groarke LA, Tindale CW (2004) Good reasoning matters: a constructive approach to critical thinking. Oxford University Press, Toronto Groarke LA, Tindale CW (2004) Good reasoning matters: a constructive approach to critical thinking. Oxford University Press, Toronto
Zurück zum Zitat Hartmann N (ed) (1943) Systematische Philosophie. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart Hartmann N (ed) (1943) Systematische Philosophie. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart
Zurück zum Zitat Hartmann N (1952) New ways of ontology. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT Hartmann N (1952) New ways of ontology. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT
Zurück zum Zitat Hofkirchner W (2012) Emergent information: an outline unified theory of information framework. World Scientific, Singapore Hofkirchner W (2012) Emergent information: an outline unified theory of information framework. World Scientific, Singapore
Zurück zum Zitat Julien C-A, Tirilly P, Dinneen J, Guastavino C (2013) Reducing subject tree browsing complexity. J Am Soc Inform Sci Technol 64:2201–2223CrossRef Julien C-A, Tirilly P, Dinneen J, Guastavino C (2013) Reducing subject tree browsing complexity. J Am Soc Inform Sci Technol 64:2201–2223CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Keyton J, Beck SJ (2010) Perspective: examining communication as macrocognition. STS Hum Fact 52(2):335–339CrossRef Keyton J, Beck SJ (2010) Perspective: examining communication as macrocognition. STS Hum Fact 52(2):335–339CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Khoo C (1995) Automatic identification of causal relations in text and their use for improving precision in information retrieval. Ph.D. dissertation, Syracuse University Khoo C (1995) Automatic identification of causal relations in text and their use for improving precision in information retrieval. Ph.D. dissertation, Syracuse University
Zurück zum Zitat Kleineberg M (2013) The blind men and the elephant: towards an organization of epistemic contexts. Knowl Org 40(5):340–362 Kleineberg M (2013) The blind men and the elephant: towards an organization of epistemic contexts. Knowl Org 40(5):340–362
Zurück zum Zitat Mazzocchi F, Tiberi M, De Santis B, Plini P (2007) Relational semantics in thesauri: Some remarks at theoretical and practical levels. Knowl Org 34(4):197–214 Mazzocchi F, Tiberi M, De Santis B, Plini P (2007) Relational semantics in thesauri: Some remarks at theoretical and practical levels. Knowl Org 34(4):197–214
Zurück zum Zitat Mills J, Broughton V (1977) Bliss classification. Introduction and auxiliary tables, 2nd edn. Butterworth, London Mills J, Broughton V (1977) Bliss classification. Introduction and auxiliary tables, 2nd edn. Butterworth, London
Zurück zum Zitat Needham J (1943) Integrative levels: a revaluation of the idea of progress. In: Time: the refreshing river: essays and addresses 1932–1942. Allen and Unwin, London, pp 233–272CrossRef Needham J (1943) Integrative levels: a revaluation of the idea of progress. In: Time: the refreshing river: essays and addresses 1932–1942. Allen and Unwin, London, pp 233–272CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Perrault JM (1994) Categories and relators: a new schema. Knowl Org 21(4):189–198 Perrault JM (1994) Categories and relators: a new schema. Knowl Org 21(4):189–198
Zurück zum Zitat Poli R (2001) The basic problem of the theory of levels of reality. Axiomathes 12(3-4):261–283CrossRef Poli R (2001) The basic problem of the theory of levels of reality. Axiomathes 12(3-4):261–283CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ranganathan SR (1967) Prolegomena to library classification, 3rd edn. SRELS, Bangalore Ranganathan SR (1967) Prolegomena to library classification, 3rd edn. SRELS, Bangalore
Zurück zum Zitat Spiteri LF (1995) The classification research group and the theory of integrative levels. Katharine Sharp Rev 1(Summer):1–6 Spiteri LF (1995) The classification research group and the theory of integrative levels. Katharine Sharp Rev 1(Summer):1–6
Zurück zum Zitat Szostak R (2003) A schema for unifying human science: interdisciplinary perspectives on culture. Susquehanna University Press, Selinsgrove, PA Szostak R (2003) A schema for unifying human science: interdisciplinary perspectives on culture. Susquehanna University Press, Selinsgrove, PA
Zurück zum Zitat Szostak R (2004) Classifying science: phenomena, data, theory, method, practice. Springer, Dordrecht Szostak R (2004) Classifying science: phenomena, data, theory, method, practice. Springer, Dordrecht
Zurück zum Zitat Szostak R (2012a) Classifying relationships. Knowl Org 39(3):165–178 Szostak R (2012a) Classifying relationships. Knowl Org 39(3):165–178
Zurück zum Zitat Szostak R (2012b) Toward a classification of relationships. Knowl Org 39(2):83–94 Szostak R (2012b) Toward a classification of relationships. Knowl Org 39(2):83–94
Zurück zum Zitat Szostak R (2013) Basic concepts classification. https://sites.google.com/a/ualberta.ca/rick-szostak/research/basic-concepts-classification-web-version-2013 Szostak R (2013) Basic concepts classification. https://​sites.​google.​com/​a/​ualberta.​ca/​rick-szostak/​research/​basic-concepts-classification-web-version-2013
Zurück zum Zitat Szostak R (2014) Communicating complex concepts. In: O'Rourke M, Crowley S, Eigenbrode SD, Wulfhorst JD (eds) Enhancing communication and collaboration in interdisciplinary research. Sage, Thousand Oaks, pp 34–55 Szostak R (2014) Communicating complex concepts. In: O'Rourke M, Crowley S, Eigenbrode SD, Wulfhorst JD (eds) Enhancing communication and collaboration in interdisciplinary research. Sage, Thousand Oaks, pp 34–55
Zurück zum Zitat Vickery BC (1960) Faceted classification: a guide to the construction and use of special schemes. Aslib, London Vickery BC (1960) Faceted classification: a guide to the construction and use of special schemes. Aslib, London
Metadaten
Titel
How to Develop a KOS to Serve Interdisciplinarity
verfasst von
Rick Szostak
Claudio Gnoli
María López-Huertas
Copyright-Jahr
2016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30148-8_7

Premium Partner