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2018 | Buch

Immersive Analytics

herausgegeben von: Kim Marriott, Prof. Falk Schreiber, Tim Dwyer, Karsten Klein, Nathalie Henry Riche, Takayuki Itoh, Wolfgang Stuerzlinger, Bruce H. Thomas

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

Immersive Analytics is a new research initiative that aims to remove barriers between people, their data and the tools they use for analysis and decision making. Here the aims of immersive analytics research are clarified, its opportunities and historical context, as well as providing a broad research agenda for the field. In addition, it is reviewed how the term immersion has been used to refer to both technological and psychological immersion, both of which are central to immersive analytics research.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Immersive Analytics: An Introduction

Abstract

Immersive Analytics is a new research initiative that aims to remove barriers between people, their data and the tools they use for analysis and decision making. Here we clarify the aims of immersive analytics research, its opportunities and historical context, as well as providing a broad research agenda for the field. In addition, we review how the term immersion has been used to refer to both technological and psychological immersion, both of which are central to immersive analytics research.

Tim Dwyer, Kim Marriott, Tobias Isenberg, Karsten Klein, Nathalie Riche, Falk Schreiber, Wolfgang Stuerzlinger, Bruce H. Thomas

Chapter 2. Immersive Analytics: Time to Reconsider the Value of 3D for Information Visualisation

Abstract

Modern virtual reality display technologies engender spatial immersion by using a variety of depth cues such as perspective and head-tracked binocular presentation to create visually realistic 3D worlds. While 3D visualisations are common in scientific visualisation, they are much less common in information visualisation. In this chapter we explore whether immersive analytic applications should continue to use traditional 2D information visualisations or whether there are situations when 3D may offer benefits. We identify a number of potential applications of 3D depth cues for abstract data visualisation: using depth to show an additional data dimension, such as in 2.5D network layouts, views on non-flat surfaces and egocentric views in which the data is placed around the viewer, and visualising abstract data with a spatial embedding. Another important potential benefit is the ability to arrange multiple views in the 3D space around the user and to attach abstract visualisations to objects in the real world.

Kim Marriott, Jian Chen, Marcel Hlawatsch, Takayuki Itoh, Miguel A. Nacenta, Guido Reina, Wolfgang Stuerzlinger

Chapter 3. Multisensory Immersive Analytics

Abstract

While visual cues are traditionally used for visual analytics, multimodal interaction technologies offer many new possibilities. This chapter explores the opportunities and challenges for developers and users to utilize and represent data through non-visual sensory channels to help them understand and interact with data. Users are able to experience data in new ways: variables from complex datasets can be conveyed through different senses; presentations are more accessible to people with vision impairment and can be personalized to specific user needs; interactions can involve multiple senses to provide natural and transparent methods. All these techniques enable users to obtain a better understanding of the underlying information. While the emphasis of this chapter is towards non-visual immersive analytics, we include a discussion on how visual presentations are integrated with different modalities, and the opportunities of mixing several sensory signals, including the visual domain.

Jon McCormack, Jonathan C. Roberts, Benjamin Bach, Carla Dal Sasso Freitas, Takayuki Itoh, Christophe Hurter, Kim Marriott

Chapter 4. Interaction for Immersive Analytics

Abstract

In this chapter, we briefly review the development of natural user interfaces and discuss their role in providing human-computer interaction that is immersive in various ways. Then we examine some opportunities for how these technologies might be used to better support data analysis tasks. Specifically, we review and suggest some interaction design guidelines for immersive analytics. We also review some hardware setups for data visualization that are already archetypal. Finally, we look at some emerging system designs that suggest future directions.

Wolfgang Büschel, Jian Chen, Raimund Dachselt, Steven Drucker, Tim Dwyer, Carsten Görg, Tobias Isenberg, Andreas Kerren, Chris North, Wolfgang Stuerzlinger

Chapter 5. Immersive Human-Centered Computational Analytics

Abstract

In this chapter we seek to elevate the role of the human in human-machine cooperative analysis through a careful consideration of immersive design principles. We consider both strategic immersion through more accessible systems as well as enhanced understanding and control through immersive interfaces that enable rapid workflows. We extend the classic sensemaking loop from visual analytics to incorporate multiple views, scenarios, people, and computational agents. We consider both sides of machine/human collaboration: allowing the human to more fluidly control the machine process; and also allowing the human to understand the results, derive insights and continue the analytic cycle. We also consider system and algorithmic implications of enabling real-time control and feedback in immersive human-centered computational analytics.

Wolfgang Stuerzlinger, Tim Dwyer, Steven Drucker, Carsten Görg, Chris North, Gerik Scheuermann

Chapter 6. Immersive Visual Data Stories

Abstract

We discuss opportunities and challenges for making people experience immersion when interacting with visual data stories. Even though visual data stories are an important means for communicating information, the extent to which viewers feel immersed in such stories has so far been hardly explored. In this chapter, we explore the concept of immersion in visual data stories from the viewpoint of related disciplines in which narratives play an important role. We pay special attention to games research, which shares a focus on graphics and interactivity with our context of visual data stories. From this exploration we derive research opportunities and challenges for immersion in visual data stories.

Petra Isenberg, Bongshin Lee, Huamin Qu, Maxime Cordeil

Chapter 7. Situated Analytics

Abstract

This chapter introduces the concept of situated analytics that employs data representations organized in relation to germane objects, places, and persons for the purpose of understanding, sensemaking, and decision-making. The components of situated analytics are characterized in greater detail, including the users, tasks, data, representations, interactions, and analytical processes involved. Several case studies of projects and products are presented that exemplify situated analytics in action. Based on these case studies, a set of derived design considerations for building situated analytics applications are presented. Finally, there is a an outline of a research agenda of challenges and research questions to explore in the future.

Bruce H. Thomas, Gregory F. Welch, Pierre Dragicevic, Niklas Elmqvist, Pourang Irani, Yvonne Jansen, Dieter Schmalstieg, Aurélien Tabard, Neven A. M. ElSayed, Ross T. Smith, Wesley Willett

Chapter 8. Collaborative Immersive Analytics

Abstract

Many of the problems being addressed by Immersive Analytics require groups of people to solve. This chapter introduces the concept of Collaborative Immersive Analytics (CIA) and reviews how immersive technologies can be combined with Visual Analytics to facilitate co-located and remote collaboration. We provide a definition of Collaborative Immersive Analytics and then an overview of the different types of possible collaboration. The chapter also discusses the various roles in collaborative systems, and how to support shared interaction with the data being presented. Finally, we summarize the opportunities for future research in this domain. The aim of the chapter is to provide enough of an introduction to CIA and key directions for future research, so that practitioners will be able to begin working in the field.

Mark Billinghurst, Maxime Cordeil, Anastasia Bezerianos, Todd Margolis

Chapter 9. Just 5 Questions: Toward a Design Framework for Immersive Analytics

Abstract

We present an initial design framework for immersive analytics based on Brehmer and Munzner’s “What-Why-How” data visualisation framework. We extend their framework to take into account Who are the people or teams of people who are going to use the system, and Where is the system to be used and what are the available devices and technology. In addition, the How component is extended to cater for collaboration, multisensory presentation, interaction with an underlying computational model, degree of fidelity and organisation of the workspace around the user. By doing so we provide a framework for understanding immersive analytics research and applications as well as clarifying how immersive analytics differs from traditional data visualisation and visual analytics.

Kim Marriott, Jian Chen, Marcel Hlawatsch, Takayuki Itoh, Miguel A. Nacenta, Guido Reina, Wolfgang Stuerzlinger

Chapter 10. Immersive Analytics Applications in Life and Health Sciences

Abstract

Life and health sciences are key application areas for immersive analytics. This spans a broad range including medicine (e.g., investigations in tumour boards), pharmacology (e.g., research of adverse drug reactions), biology (e.g., immersive virtual cells) and ecology (e.g., analytics of animal behaviour). We present a brief overview of general applications of immersive analytics in the life and health sciences, and present a number of applications in detail, such as immersive analytics in structural biology, in medical image analytics, in neurosciences, in epidemiology, in biological network analysis and for virtual cells.

Tobias Czauderna, Jason Haga, Jinman Kim, Matthias Klapperstück, Karsten Klein, Torsten Kuhlen, Steffen Oeltze-Jafra, Björn Sommer, Falk Schreiber

Chapter 11. Exploring Immersive Analytics for Built Environments

Abstract

This chapter overviews the application of immersive analytics to simulations of built environments through three distinct case studies. The first case study examines an immersive analytics approach based upon the concept of “Virtual Production Intelligence” for virtual prototyping tools throughout the planning phase of complete production sites. The second study addresses the 3D simulation of an extensive urban area (191 km\(^2\)) and the attendant immersive analytic considerations in an interactive model of a sustainable city. The third study reviews how immersive analytic overlays have been applied for virtual heritage in the reconstruction and crowd simulation of the medieval Cambodian temple complex of Angkor Wat.

Tom Chandler, Thomas Morgan, Torsten Wolfgang Kuhlen

Titel: Immersive Analytics
herausgegeben von: Kim Marriott
Prof. Falk Schreiber
Tim Dwyer
Karsten Klein
Nathalie Henry Riche
Takayuki Itoh
Wolfgang Stuerzlinger
Bruce H. Thomas
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-01388-2
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-01387-5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01388-2