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2011 | Buch

Information Science & Technology in China: A Roadmap to 2050

herausgegeben von: Guojie Li

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

As one of the eighteen field-specific reports comprising the comprehensive scope of the strategic general report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, this sub-report addresses long-range planning for developing science and technology in the field of information science & technology. They each craft a roadmap for their sphere of development to 2050. In their entirety, the general and sub-group reports analyze the evolution and laws governing the development of science and technology, describe the decisive impact of science and technology on the modernization process, predict that the world is on the eve of an impending S&T revolution, and call for China to be fully prepared for this new round of S&T advancement. Based on the detailed study of the demands on S&T innovation in China’s modernization, the reports draw a framework for eight basic and strategic systems of socio-economic development with the support of science and technology, work out China’s S&T roadmaps for the relevant eight basic and strategic systems in line with China’s reality, further detail S&T initiatives of strategic importance to China’s modernization, and provide S&T decision-makers with comprehensive consultations for the development of S&T innovation consistent with China’s reality. Supported by illustrations and tables of data, the reports provide researchers, government officials and entrepreneurs with guidance concerning research directions, the planning process, and investment.

Founded in 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the nation’s highest academic institution in natural sciences. Its major responsibilities are to conduct research in basic and technological sciences, to undertake nationwide integrated surveys on natural resources and ecological environment, to provide the country with scientific data and consultations for government’s decision-making, to undertake government-assigned projects with regard to key S&T problems in the process of socio-economic development, to initiate personnel training, and to promote China’s high-tech enterprises through its active engagement in these areas.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Abstract

In the first half of the 21^st century, important changes and paradigm shifts are emerging in information science and technology (IS&T):

(1)

Information technology (IT) is entering a stage of mass adoption, and it is possible that we will see in the 21^st century the “Cambrian explosion” of information technology applications. Computing for the masses will become the main theme in the next several decades.

(2)

Saving energy and reducing pollution have become an important requirement in the development of IS&T. More attention will be paid to sustainable development and social harmony.

(3)

In the next 10 to 15 years, Moore’s Law that has been valid for the past 50 years will face unprecedented challenges.

(4)

The existing arena of IT is changing from a man-machine symbiosis to a ternary universe of the cyberspace, the human society, and the physical world. Traditional IS&T is to be adapted to suit developing application systems in such a ternary universe.

(5)

IS&T is penetrating various application areas and intersecting with biology, nano science, and cognitive science, to form new disciplines. Computing is becoming the fabric tying various scientific and technological disciplines together.

Guojie Li

1. Trends of IS&T in the First Half of the 21st Century

Abstract

In the coming decades, IS&T will continue advancing at high speed, further extend its influence and penetration, change our economy and life styles, and have a deep effect on learning, entertainment, governance, enterprise operation, cultural diffusion, and so on. Computers and communication networks will achieve new advances in terms of speed, capacity, bandwidth, convenience, reliability and security. Disruptive changes in information technology will come after fundamental breakthroughs in information science.

Guojie Li

2. The Strategic Requirements for IS&T in China

Abstract

In order to study the roadmap, we need to understand the current status of China and the strategic requirements of IS&T from the economy and social development better. The demand of the country and its people is the fundamental motivation for the development of IS&T.

Guojie Li

3. Strategic Targets for the IS&T Development

Abstract

From 2010 to 2050, the general target of IS&T in China is to grasp the opportunities brought by the coming transformative changes of information technology, improve abilities for innovation and sustainable development, and enable China to become a full-fledged information society. In this society, most people will be information users; information will be the most important resource for the economy and society; and the informatization level will be close to that of developed countries.

Guojie Li

4. Building an Adequate Information Network

Abstract

The major task of the development of the information technology in the next 10 to 40 years is to build an adequate information network. Through this network we can acquire information and knowledge conveniently, cooperate effectively and obtain a higher quality of life. Network technology undergoes broadband, mobility and tri-network convergence; it will move to next generation Internet and then to post-IP networks. Internet of things and sensor networks will evolve from integrated monitor-feedback-control to ubiquitous networks. Modern Internet-based service industry will rapidly develop and popularize. Network media will be a part of mainstream media, and the integration of traditional media and network media will build up a new structure to form medium public opinion. Cloud computing platforms will provide a supporting environment for different kind applications. Network science will develop from cross-discipline convergence to a well-formed network information theory. These technologies and services will influence each other, to realize an adequate information network.

Guojie Li

5. Revolutionary Upgrade of Information Devices and Systems

Abstract

Traditional information devices and equipment systems are encountering enormous obstacles in complexity, cost and power consumption. In addition, CMOS-based chip technology is approaching its physical limit, and the industry is eagerly looking forward to disruptive new technologies. On the other hand, future chips will be integrated with various functions such as computing, storage and communications, and characteristics such as more varieties and shorter design cycle, all of which need to search for a new approach. From 2010 to 2050, the application demand for information devices and equipment will experience substantial growth, even though it has not yet emerged as the same dominant technical route on par with CMOS integrated circuits over the past 30 years. Related scientific and technological developments have reflected the uncertainty and diversity in the industry today.

Guojie Li

6. Developing the Data Knowledge Industry

Abstract

The data and knowledge-based industry refers to the industry of producing data and knowledge, generating knowledge from data and creating economic and cultural value. Data and knowledge are also known as contents. Their consumption and production are influenced by culture and vice versa. The industry is rapidly developing and becoming an emerging economic market to promote industrial structure upgrades. The data and knowledge-based industry will be an important force in China’s economic growth, and also the most promising component in market growth of the U-INS.

Guojie Li

7. Facilitating Industry Upgrade, Low Cost Informatization and Sustainable Development

Abstract

Short-term targets (2010–2020): Consolidate the IT applications basis. By 2020, the gap between the IT application level in the main areas of national economic and social life and that of medium-developed countries shall be reduced to 6–7 years from the current lag of more than 10 years; the general level of national information capability (the Networked Readiness Index) will rank 30^th in the world from the current 50^th to 60^th, and top five in Asia; China’s eastern coastal areas with advanced economies will start to become elementary information societies.

Guojie Li

8. Developing New Information Science and Interdisciplinary Sciences Based on Computation

Abstract

The in-depth and extensive applications of IS&T bring forward substantial new challenging issues and also provide broad development space for information science and technology. The deep and extensive interaction among a number of different scientific fields has brought about a lot of common issues of research in different scientific and technological fields. It has also inspired new research ideas, methods and technical means that can influence each other. These characteristics in the development of S&T have facilitated the frequent appearance of interdisciplinary subjects. IS&T are facing new challenges and opportunities in development. It will be important to research new objectives for IS&T and other related fields in order to face these challenges, seize opportunities, develop new technologies, meet the ever-changing national demands and social needs, and promote the development of computation-based interdisciplinary sciences and the formation of new scientific and technological fields.

Guojie Li

9. Establishing a Technical System for National and Social Information Security

Abstract

Short-term targets (2010–2020): Construct a network-based lightweight information security foundation technological system. Research the establishment of a large-scale and collaborative cyberspace security technological system. Research and develop an integrated security service technological system. Achieve the commercialization of point-to-point optical fiber quantum cryptography communication systems and the trial success of a 70km metro optical network quantum key distribution.

Guojie Li

Backmatter

Titel: Information Science & Technology in China: A Roadmap to 2050
herausgegeben von: Guojie Li
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-19071-1
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-19070-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19071-1

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