Skip to main content
Fachgebiete
Automobil + Motoren Bauwesen + Immobilien Business IT + Informatik Elektrotechnik + Elektronik Energie + Nachhaltigkeit Finance + Banking Management + Führung Marketing + Vertrieb Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe Versicherung + Risiko
DE
EN
Bücher
Zeitschriften
Themenseiten
Organisationspsychologie Projektmanagement Marketing Smart Manufacturing
Weitere Formate
Podcasts Webinare Technik Webinare Wirtschaft Kongresse Veranstaltungskalender Awards
Jetzt Einzelzugang starten
Zugang für Unternehmen
Referenzkunden
SLX-Digitalkonferenz: Zukunftswerkstatt 2024

Mehr Umsatz mit Top-Kontakten

Am 7. Mai erfahren Sie, wie Vertriebsteams Leadgenerierung, Leadnurturing und Leadstrategien effizient steuern können.
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben

2023 | Buch

Introduction to Smart Cities Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Integrated Electronic Payment Technologies for Smart Cities

verfasst von: Don Graham

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten
insite
SUCHEN

Über dieses Buch

This book addresses the use of existing and emerging electronic payment technologies within a smart city in the context of the clear and proven value these systems have demonstrated in improving transportation. It addresses such question as How does the toll gantry work? How does it read the transponder tag and deduct the correct amount? How do cities harness the transaction data from mass transit to better meet the demand during peak hours? What can city planners do to make trip scheduling and payments seamless, so commuters can go from park-and-ride to mass transit to ride-share with a single payment platform? The volume is technical in nature and describes solid technical solutions to engineers and planners associated with smart cities initiatives. It is specifically designed to support smart city designers and engineers as they develop strategies that incorporate the latest payment system technologies. It will also be of value to private sector payment systems solution providers looking to deliver their products and services to smart cities. In addition, the book supplements technical perspectives with guidance on planning and implementation. For example, it defines procurement approaches for emerging technologies such as crypto currencies and block chain. Rounding out technical detail with advice on policy and the organizational framework required to underpin the technologies, the book delivers practical support to smart city technical practitioners. It further stands as an appropriate text for university courses associated with smart city planning, operations, and urban analytics.

This book explores these questions and provides answers that a typical transportation planner can follow. It covers technology topics such as RFID (Radio Frequency ID), ETC (Electronic Toll collection), and ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition). The book also delves into how contactless payment (Near-Field) technologies can be used in a smart city. Blockchain is introduced as a platform that is suitable for solving the problem of payment segregation and shows how the entities in a smart city can work together to provide a seamless payment solution for riders across different modes of transport.

The book also covers some theoretical concepts of congestion pricing which students at the university level can apply to city planning projects and research into smart cities.

Several examples of US-based and international smart city implementations are provided in the closing chapters which demonstrate new, innovative smart city techniques for the transportation planner.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction to Smart Cities
Abstract
As the global population increases, the percentage and absolute numbers of people living in urban regions also increase. This increase in individuals living in close quarters leads to congestion, air pollution, and lower environmental standards. The increase in climate change problems coupled with these urban population increases brings a higher emphasis on finding solutions to the negative experiences in an urban environment.
Digitization and technology have shown that solutions to these problems can be found by implementing smart city transformations to alleviate common problems such as travel congestion and air pollution. In this chapter, we will introduce some actions that smart city practitioners have taken to solve these problems.
Donald Graham
Chapter 2. Payment Technologies in the Smart City Context
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, technology and the financial markets have revolutionized. Digital payments have become ubiquitous with the advent of the mobile phone and e-commerce on the world wide web. Furthermore, purely digital currencies and blockchain have taken payment systems to a new level where no central bank or physical money is needed for transactions and payment of debts, as this is all done through digital methods.
Donald Graham
Chapter 3. Electronic Toll Collections and Smart City Payments
Abstract
Payment systems for transportation services come in several forms. In this chapter we cover some of the common payment systems technologies and how they can be integrated into a single platform. We discuss payment technologies such as smart-phone applications, electronic toll collection and radio frequency ID (RFID) transponders and readers for payment on managed lanes, pay-as-you-go technologies, and electronic card payment technologies for mass transit among others.
We discuss how in some payment implementations all modes of transportation available in the urban region are integrated into one central payment platform which allows commuters to pay for tolls, mass transit, shared rides (Uber, Lyft), and parking on a single interface. This integrated online platform is ideal for blockchain/cryptocurrency technology payments, and several smart cities have developed this functionality for their smartphone app.
Donald Graham
Chapter 4. Smart City Implementation: Challenges and Opportunities
Abstract
In the transformation of urban environments to a digital smart city, several administrative sectors of the city must change the way they operate. In the energy and transportation sectors in particular, digitization has disrupted the industry. These changes present challenges and opportunities which must be examined in a cost/benefit analysis to show how upgrades will impact the implementation of the smart city. In this chapter, we focus on what are these challenges for energy and transportation and how to approach them.
Donald Graham
Chapter 5. Smart City Innovations in Integrated Payment Technologies
Abstract
The idea of a smart city by definition depends on innovation. The innovation of technology is applied to solving problems in the city caused by congestion and the increasing threat of climate change. In this chapter we introduce the idea of integration in a smart city and how integrated payments can improve the experience of the smart city citizen. At the end of the chapter, we will use the driverless shuttle developed by a public-private partnership between the University of Florida, DOT, and city of Gainesville as a case study.
Donald Graham
Chapter 6. The Use of Integrated Payment Technologies in Smart City Transportation Pricing Strategies
Abstract
In the past 20 years, there has been a growing trend of people moving into urban and suburban areas. This population increase results in significantly higher demand for transportation facilities such as highways and mass transit. This demand has often outweighed the supply of available resources for transporting people from their origin to their destination within a reasonable time resulting in traffic congestion. Continuing to construct new highways and transportation facilities is not practical due to cost.
As a result, city planners have developed innovative pricing strategies which allow for faster and more reliable service without the need for constructing new highways. These pricing strategies rely on dynamic pricing algorithms which charge a premium for peak-hour travel (rush hour). The integrated payment technologies discussed in this chapter provide the data which is used by the algorithms.
Donald Graham
Chapter 7. How Analytics Can Be Used to Guide Smart City Strategies
Abstract
This research develops an analytic method for smart city pricing by using the I-95 Express facility to minimize total travel time and reduce congestion. We apply nonlinear programming (NLP) analytic techniques and the finite difference stochastic approximation (FDSA), genetic algorithm (GA), and simulated annealing (SA) stochastic algorithms to formulate and solve the problem within a cell transmission framework. The solution produced is the optimal flow and optimal toll required to minimize total travel time and thus is the system-optimal solution. We perform a comparative evaluation of FDSA, GA, and SA nonlinear programming algorithms used to solve the NLP, and the ANOVA results show that there are differences in the performance of the NLP algorithms in solving this problem and reducing travel time. We then conclude by demonstrating that econometric forecasting methods utilizing vector autoregressive (VAR) techniques can be applied to successfully forecast demand.
Donald Graham
Chapter 8. Practical Application of Smart City Strategies
Abstract
Smart city planners have many existing and cutting-edge technologies to choose from when developing a new smart city plan. Along with data collection methods and how the data is used, there are many decisions to be made as to what direction to take.
These decisions can be made based on the strategy the planners adopt. Thus, one city may choose to use smart streetlight sensors as a primary source of data to implement their smart city plan and use this data to drive decisions about traffic flow and parking. Another city may focus on electric vehicle technology and use that to develop partnerships with private industry to reduce the carbon and fossil fuel usage in the city.
This chapter lays out some common strategies and applications for smart city planners to consider when developing the smart city and illustrate some practical applications on a case study basis.
Donald Graham
Chapter 9. Blockchain and Digital Currency
Abstract
The concept of cryptocurrency was introduced in an earlier chapter of this book. Here we will go into more detail about the operation of cryptocurrencies and blockchain. The impact that blockchain could have on the smart city is discussed along with integrated payments on an electronic platform.
Donald Graham
Chapter 10. Implementing Digital Payments in Smart Cities
Abstract
Digital payment technology has greatly expanded with the explosion of mobile phones globally. There are many apps for both iPhone and Android which provide easy transfer of funds to pay for goods and services online and in person. In this chapter, we explore how these technologies can be implemented in the smart city.
Donald Graham
Chapter 11. National and International Smart City Applications
Abstract
The rapid growth of technologies combined with the ability to store and manipulate huge amounts of data has led to many cities across the globe adopting smart city programs. It has become evident to city planners that such technologies are viable and can save cities financially and improve safety.
City residents can enjoy improved travel times and reduction in congestion when a city deploys smart traffic monitoring equipment along with sensors. In this chapter, we will examine several applications of smart city technologies at domestic as well as international locations.
Donald Graham
Chapter 12. Summary
Abstract
The subject of smart city technology and implementation has been discussed throughout the book.
The components including sensors, Internet of things, connected vehicle (CV), electric vehicles, smart payment systems, cloud storage and analytics, as well as other smart devices and technologies have been examined to some extent in earlier chapters.
In this summary chapter, the major components common to most smart city implementations are reviewed. The IoT infrastructure and cloud computing providers are examined in somewhat more detail.
The goal of this summary is to provide the options for the city planners in the implementation of their smart city.
Donald Graham
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Integrated Electronic Payment Technologies for Smart Cities
verfasst von
Don Graham
Copyright-Jahr
2023
Electronic ISBN
978-3-031-38222-2
Print ISBN
978-3-031-38221-5
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38222-2

    Premium Partner

    Bildnachweise