Interface Engineering of Embedded Mechanoluminescence-Perovskite Self-powered Pressure Sensor for Improved Performance

There is an increasing need for the development of novel self-powered, inexpensive, and flexible pressure sensors with the potential for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. The mechanoluminescence (ML)-perovskite pressure sensor is a promising integrated device that integrates the light-emitting principles of mechanoluminescence and the light-absorbing properties of perovskite materials. Long-term stability is crucial for continuous in-situ SHM using embedded sensors. This study reported a high-stable all-inorganic carbon-based perovskite photodetector integrated with an ML layer of ZnS:Cu. Interface engineering was employed in the modification of the electron transport layer (ETL) by the addition of a MgI₂ layer. Compared with devices without modification, devices based on the modified ETL showed an increase in response time and overall performance. Further studies showed improved sensor performance for impact events when embedded in a carbon fiber composite structure. The results show that the sensor exhibits distinct signals when subjected to different load conditions and can be used for the in-situ SHM of advanced composite structures with promising long-term stability.