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Erschienen in:
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2017 | Supplement | Buchkapitel

1. Introduction

verfasst von : Terry O’Callaghan, Geordan Graetz

Erschienen in: Mining in the Asia-Pacific

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Late on the afternoon of 5 November 2015, the Fundão iron ore tailings dam collapsed. An estimated 60 billion litres of tailings flowed down the Santarém Valley, located in the south-eastern region of Brazil. The ‘mudslide’ destroyed Bento Rodrigues, a small town located below the dam wall. It also washed away nearby roads and bridges, and flowed into the Doce River. The waste plume flowed downstream for some 600 km, draining into the Atlantic Ocean. The plume then traversed the coastline of Espirito Santo, a neighbouring state, before gradually dispersing (Australian Broadcasting Commission 2015). Nineteen people died in the incident; while many others seriously were injured. This was a calamity, not only for those directly affected by the dam collapse, but also for the Brazilian economy.

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Nächstes Kapitel Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in the Mining Industry
Fußnoten
1
Bento Rodriguez is in the state of Minas Gerais, in the south-eastern part of Brazil. Other seriously affected towns in the region include Barra Longa.
 
2
According to Samarco, Fundão’s operator, 29 cities/towns along the Doce River were affected by the collapse of the dam wall.
 
3
Given the degree of destruction of the Amazon jungle over the last decade, it is difficult to accept this assessment.
 
4
This sometimes is referred to as a ‘contagion effect’ or ‘reputational interdependence’. When something bad happens to one company, it tends to taint the sector/industry as a whole.
 
5
Samarco disputes this view.
 
6
Samarco’s revenue in 2015 was approximately US$600 million (R$1,921,460). In 2015, the 5 largest mining companies in the world had combined revenues of US$306.2 billion. These are Glencore (US$170.497 bn), BHP Billiton (US$52.267 bn), Rio Tinto Group (US$34.829 bn), Vale (US$25.609 bn), and Anglo American (US$23.003 bn). See: Fortune (2016) Global 500. Anglo American sits just outside the Fortune global 500. See: Anglo American 2016 Annual Report.
 
7
This is not always the case. Freeport McMoRan is seeking permission to develop a copper/cobalt mine in the DRC—the Kisanfu project. This is despite the fact that, in 2015, the DRC was ranked the fifth most fragile country in the world. Transparency International also found it to be one of the most corrupt countries in the organisation’s annual survey. In addition, the Fraser Institute has ranked the DRC as the second most politically unstable country in the world (Fraser Institute 2015; Fund for Peace 2015).
 
8
See: Shared Value Initiative, ‘About Shared Value’, Shared Value Initiative, https://​www.​sharedvalue.​org/​about-shared-value. Accessed 6 April 2017.
 
Literatur
Evans, G. Goodman, J. and Lansbury, N. (2002). Moving mountains: mining communities confront globalisation. London: Zed Books.
Fitzgerald, B. (2016). BHP face dam criminal charges. The Australian, October 22–23.
Keirman, P. (2016). Samarco warned of problems at dam, engineer says: Joaquim Pimenta de Ávila consulted for mining company, inspected a crack 14 months before collapse.
Korten, D. (2002). Predatory Corporations. In Evans, G., Goodman, J., Lansbury, N. Eds. Moving mountains: communities confront mining globalisation (pp.1-18). London: Zed Books.
Lavery/Pennell. (2014). The new industrial model: greater profits, more jobs and reduced environmental impact. Stoke on Trent: United Kingdom.
Moody, R. (2007). Rocks and hard places: the globalization of mining. London: Zed Books.
Moody, R. (2005). The risks we run: mining communities and political risk insurance. Dublin: International Books.
Peters, G. (1999). Waltzing with raptors: a practical roadmap to protection your company’s reputation. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Samarco. (2016). To do what must be done: this is our commitment.
Sonawane, V. (2016). BHP-Vale’s Samarco was warned about crack in dam responsible for deadly burst in Brazil, engineer says: report. http://​www.​ibtimes.​com/​. Accessed 23 August 2016.
Metadaten
Titel
Introduction
verfasst von
Terry O’Callaghan
Geordan Graetz
Copyright-Jahr
2017
Buch
Mining in the Asia-Pacific

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61393-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-61395-6

Copyright-Jahr: 2017

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61395-6_1