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Knowledge Entanglements

An International and Multidisciplinary Approach

verfasst von: Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan UK

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book looks at the complexity of knowledge. It takes into account diverse disciplines such as economics, social sciences, international business, and organization studies. The authors focus on knowledge internationally from a macro to a more micro level, from the state to households, from knowledge production to knowledge consumption, lifting the veil on knowledge complexities. By making the complexities more transparent, the authors enrich readers' understanding and illuminate their perception of knowledge as a key factor in the development of the 21st century world.

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Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Introduction

Abstract

Since Spender and Grant’s (1996) outstanding review of knowledge as a resource in strategic management, international business and management researchers have become greatly interested in knowledge as an asset and a resource. Management and organization theory researchers have followed Polanyi’s (1966) distinction between explicit and tacit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is codified knowledge and thus similar to information (Spender and Grant, 1996). Tacit knowledge is more difficult to formalize, impart, exchange, or purchase because it resides in people’s beliefs, experiences, values, organizational routines, and institutions (Inkpen, 1996). Polanyi (1966) termed the pre-logical phase of knowing as ‘tacit knowledge’ in stating that ‘we can know more than we can tell’. Yet the intangible nature of tacit knowledge does not diminish the vital part played by tacit knowledge in knowledge generation, transfer and dissemination (Senker, 1995).

Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Chapter 1. Knowledge and Entanglements

Knowledge Complexity in the Literature

Abstract

Already in 1945 Hayek pointed out that it was difficult and complex to analyse knowledge as a resource due to its intangibility and randomness:

the knowledge of the circumstances of which we must make use never exists in concentrated or integrated form, but solely as the dispersed hits of incomplete and frequently contradictory knowledge…a problem of the utilisation of knowledge not given to anyone in its totality.

Hayek, 1945, p. 520

Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Chapter 2. Knowledge and the State

Industrial Districts and Entrepreneurship

Abstract

The State has been seen as crucial for the phenomenal economic success of capitalism in Asian countries such as Korea and Taiwan (Amsden, 1989; 2001; Wade, 1990). Entrepreneurship on the other hand has been seen to flourish in countries in which free markets operate, and where the state’s role has been minor, such as in Hong Kong (Redding, 1990).

Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Chapter 3. Knowledge and Cities

A Resource-based View

Abstract

Urban areas such as major cities are crucial in the development and utilization of knowledge as a resource. Many talented knowledge workers in the consulting, investment-banking, law and science and technology industries are attracted to certain global cities, not only because of the attractive work environment but also their attractive social amenities. Observations such as migration of capital and attractiveness of cities for multinational corporations (MNCs) have highlighted the importance of location in knowledge management research.

Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Chapter 4. Knowledge and Households

Value Creation through Consumption

Abstract

This chapter seeks to draw a parallel between organizations and households in the areas of knowledge and value creation. We introduce comparisons between firms and households because factors such as the nature of competition, collaboration, community and sharing within households provide examples of effective knowledge and value creation and exchange carried out within an ‘organization’-structured social unit. Our objective is to underpin the view that understanding of organizations can be improved by drawing out the analogy with households, where knowledge and value are created informally and holistically. Not just production can create value in the organization: value creation is also evident in the consumption decisions as they are made in households.

Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Chapter 5. Knowledge and Exchange

An Ethical Consideration

Abstract

Our interest in devoting a chapter to knowledge exchange and the ethical issues that come to the fore stems from the fact that a growing body of literature in business ethics considers the concept of exchange as central in understanding business ethics.

Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Chapter 6. Knowledge and Measurement

Reciprocity and Commensuration

Abstract

An organization’s ability to create and exchange knowledge within a network of social and technological relationships has become crucial in today’s international business world. The ability to measure and value such knowledge assets has become important because of the role they have as fundamental drivers of global success. This is especially true in the service industries, which are increasingly knowledge-based (Coe, 2003b; Herbert et al, 2003).

Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Chapter 7. Knowledge and Competition

Complexity, Value and Disproportionate Competition

Abstract

This chapter combines looking at complexity with a consideration of value creation in knowledge-based industries. Our main conjecture is that indices (Jervis, 1985), or external truthful signals, can be used by the market to certify and rank the value of an actor’s product or services. Such path-dependent effects can lead to winner-take-all (Frank and Cook, 1995) results, where ranked actors gain a disproportionately large part of the market or value relative to unranked actors. This framework helps to illustrate the complexities of competition when our analysis integrates both markets and institutions.

Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Conclusions

Abstract

The concept of knowledge as an asset and resource has been examined in this book from a much broader perspective than is traditional in knowledge management. This gives overdue recognition to the intrinsic nature of knowledge, which in itself is complex, and to the different and extensive contexts in which knowledge is entrenched or present. For example, the tacit nature of knowledge, its intangibility and inalienability require a different framework of analysis in terms of knowledge exchange and measurement. This framework, which has been extensively discussed in Chapter 5, builds on the works of North (1990) and raises the important point of measurement and enforcement costs.

Chong Ju Choi, Carla C. J. M. Millar, Caroline Y. L. Wong

Backmatter

Titel: Knowledge Entanglements
verfasst von: Chong Ju Choi
Carla C. J. M. Millar
Caroline Y. L. Wong
Copyright-Jahr: 2005
Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Electronic ISBN: 978-0-230-50892-7
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-54312-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230508927

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