Knowledge Management in Organizations

Find Your Doctor (FYD) is the first Job-placement agency in Italy dedicated to PhDs who are leaving the Academia to continue their professional path in companies and organizations. The mission of FYD is to outline the value of the research background as an asset for the development of companies and society as a whole. For this reason we started a research project aimed at building SOON, Skills Out Of Narrative, a HR supporting tool able to extract from the text provided by a person telling his/her experience a set of well defined skills, both soft and hard, creating a profile. The final aim of the project is to produce a list of candidates ranked on the basis of the degree of similarity of their profile w.r.t. the profile required for a certain job position or activity. This paper describes the full architecture of SOON and the idea at the basis of the FYD mission.

Knowledge management is currently a commonly used term not only in the academic environment but also in the environment of organizations. There is no doubt about the benefits of Knowledge Management for practice. Many researchers have been involved in and dealing with knowledge management issues in organizations. The question is in which scientific area is knowledge management most frequently used? The aim of the paper is to present the main scientific areas of the use of Knowledge Management based on the available data from the Scopus database. The paper also addresses the increasing interest in knowledge management in research work, which is based on a time analysis. The results are presented in the form of clear graphs. The main aim of the paper is to provide a clear set of facts related to Knowledge Management with an emphasis on its present and future use not only in the professional work of researchers but also in business practice. The paper defines the key areas of Knowledge Management, but also the areas that still present new challenges for researchers.

Data analysis technology enables businesses to enrich their business value creation by extracting knowledge. This knowledge extraction is done by knowledge workers. Businesses are seldom able to analyse all their data because the workload for the responsible persons would be too high. So the question which most of the businesses have to deal with is: “Where to start the data analysis” with the fundamental view of increasing the quality of business decisions and process stability. Therefore, the authors conducted a qualitative study based on expert interviews (n = 12) to select the important business processes in a company to start with data analysis enabling efficient business decisions. The result of the study is a set of factors which allows knowledge workers to filter the important knowledge intensive business processes to focus on.

An effectively functioning performance management process has become the key to success in today’s tough competitive environment. It is necessary to have comprehensive knowledge of new approaches to performance measurement in order to create and implement such a process. The main aim of this paper is to contribute toward building on such knowledge by designing a performance measurement and management process diagram. To fulfill this goal, the features of a performance measurement system have been determined based on research in the literature; additionally, key elements that are necessary for a comprehensive process of performance management have been defined using case study analysis. The diagram also identifies critical elements of contemporary performance management process related to the provision of balanced performance indicators and their subsequent incorporation in strategic planning. The findings show that competitive-related performance aspects such as innovation, core competencies, and employee engagement are not sufficiently integrated in performance measurement.

The aim of this paper is to bring together in to the same organizational framework the concepts of Deep Leadership and Knowledge Management. We propose that when synchronizing the four loops of learning, the organization will achieve a permanent competitive advantage. A case study of knowledge transfer from Finland to China based on private company structures is presented. As a conclusion bigger emphasis should be placed on knowledge transfer and competence development of local personnel both at team and individual levels.

Currently, almost half of IT projects are managed in a traditional, sequential, plan-based manner. The leading development methods, successful for decades, are based on the so-called waterfall model. However, rapidly changing business environments push software development companies to adapt newer, leaner and more agile development methods. They promise development teams to welcome changing requirements, deliver software quickly and respond to new customer requests instantly. This is why transition to agile, mostly scrum-based development methods have been common lately. In order to avoid learning from their mistakes, companies usually seek help while adopting agile practices, related knowledge and experiences. Professionals, Agile Coaches, offer it.This paper summarizes the rationale for adopting agile methods, the role of an Agile Coach in this area, and the knowledge needed and offered by Agile Coaches. The correct selection of knowledge management facilities is critical in this process; this is why we also present them. We present our own experiences as an example of a successfully executed coaching project. The outcome is rather interesting: A novel agile development method implies lowering the degree of ICT support in an application’s development lifecycle. On the other hand, we managed to level up the communication between employees. As a result, general project-related knowledge increased.

Malaysian Public Service (MSP) is moving towards efficient citizen-centric and focus on enhancing productivity through a whole-of-government approach supported by a lean and agile organization, competent talent, effective delivery of projects, and efficient services of the local authority. In addition to that, to determine the right direction especially for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) thrust strategy is also one of main concern. Thus, common perceptive between Information Technology (IT) experts and decision makers are essential to ensure for high-quality decision making and coordinated organization achievement. The knowledge integration between IT experts and decision makers is crucial, must well-communicate and comprehensible by both parties. Through the initial study, the phenomena and challenges on knowledge communication process in MSP can be clearly understood.

The willingness of individuals to share their knowledge in a virtual community has become an important issue for community success. However, when exploring the question “Why are people willing to share their knowledge with others in virtual communities,” it appears that there are many inconsistent results, which include positive, negative, or no effects at all. Thus, it is necessary to conduct a meta-analysis to summarize the varied outcomes of relevant research. This study analyzed a total of 63 papers (including 52 journal papers and 11 conference papers) reporting empirical studies selected from several well-known databases, including ABI/INFORM, Business Source Premier, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Emerald, JSTOR, and Wiley InterScience, published between 2002 and 2016. These papers extensively discussed critical factors affecting knowledge sharing by members of virtual communities. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations (such as reputation, reciprocity, altruism, and knowledge self-efficacy), social-capital factors (such as social interaction, interpersonal trust, identification, and shared languages) and knowledge-sharing outcomes (such as intention, behavior, quantity, and quality) were considered. Membership types (all members versus contributors) were used as a moderating variable. The relevant analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-analysis Software. Results show that membership types play an important role as they moderate or restrain relationships based on certain knowledge-sharing variables. Our findings provide a knowledge map for conducting relevant academic research, and we provide more specific suggestions to virtual community moderators and administrators.

Recently, knowledge sharing (KS) has become an essential research field in the context of knowledge management (KM). Information systems (ISs) are playing a key role in facilitating the process of KS. According to the literature, research neglects to review studies regarding the impact of KS on ISs. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to review studies regarding the impact of KS on ISs with an advanced focus on M-learning, social media, ERP systems, and weblogs. Furthermore, the synthesis of the research problems, research methods, and findings of the surveyed studies will assist the scholars in pursuing their future studies. Further discussions and implications are also presented in the study.

Learning is a continuing social action that takes place through interactions between the lecturers and the community of students and knowledge sharing is an integral part of the learning process for a class in the university to engage in co-creating of learning values. Research and industry experience on knowledge sharing confirm the benefits of knowledge sharing for generating new ideas, team building & silo breaking, creating sense of purpose, and avoiding making the same mistakes several times, to name a few. Although it seems trivial that there are many benefits of knowledge sharing, in practice it is not easy to encourage students to do so because of the organizational, technical and cultural barriers. The literature shows tertiary students are not naturally willing to share knowledge voluntarily. Numerous studies have been carried to identify barriers to knowledge sharing, but there is a scarcity of research conducted to help students, working in a classroom setting, to overcome those barriers that are important for the co-creation of learning value. Forming communities of practice (CoPs) among students can contribute significantly to both knowledge sharing and learning. When students are able and willing to share knowledge, then an innovative learning environment can be created to encourage students to engage in value co-creation. This paper takes a closer look at service-dominant (S-D) logic frameworks and their application to students in the university, in order to facilitate co-creation of learning value. Drawing on the conceptual basis of CoPs and S-D logic, this paper proposes a learning model that may offer the opportunity for promoting knowledge sharing and co-creating of learning value between university and students working in a classroom setting.

A virtual community is defined as a group of people with similar interests and ideas who are connected over the Internet. In Virtual Communities of Practice (VCoP) it is expected that individuals can exchange their ideas and knowledge in areas of a particular expertise that users have. This paper focuses on the motivations for individuals’ willingness to share their knowledge in professional VCoPs and facilitates the innovation process. The purpose of this paper is to construct a conceptual model that explains factors affecting users’ participation in VCoPs. First, there is a brief review of previous studies on the success factors that enable individual’s knowledge sharing and community loyalty. The paper then presents a business case study in China where a professional virtual community was created so as to deliver business values to its host company and its members.

Collaboration and active interaction among people with different backgrounds is crucial in order to be able to solve complex and multidisciplinary problems experienced by start-up entrepreneurs. Their success is depending on social relations pattern over a set of persons, positions, groups, and organizations. The need for the collaboration has increased over the years as start-up entrepreneurs are competing with global players with advanced personal, financial, technological and other resources. Therefore, this paper describes and analyzes a complex collaborative environment to support knowledge sharing and coordination of actions to increase success rate of new entrepreneurs in the Zilina region. During the past seven years a collaborative environment around which motivated individuals organize themselves to attain a common objective has been developed.

The widespread presence of mobile devices and their deep anchoring in everyday life of people bring along various use cases and business opportunities. Mobile learning is one case of application for mobile devices. Hence, it can be inferred that companies need to investigate adequate mobile learning and training scenarios for educating their employees.Activity-oriented mobile learning allows employees to satisfy individual demands for product knowledge anywhere and anytime in their working context. However, as mobile learning is relatively new, didactical approaches to effectively transfer product knowledge have to be explored and validated. Based on literature, a didactical model to design mobile product training and learning scenarios was established.By combining four didactical approaches, which are individual or socialized just-in-case training based on pedagogy and individual or socialized just-in-time learning based on andragogy, with four mobile delivery formats, which are access content, capture information, compute response, and communicate with others, the framework supports the development of scenarios for the acquisition of product knowledge.In order to empirically validate the model, a field study with a company from the information technology industry has been conducted. By being guided through the design process, employees had to identify and describe mobile product training and learning scenarios.A triangulated qualitative research study, consisting of a focus group and individual follow-up interviews to gather opinions about the final results, was conducted.This paper presents an empirically validated didactical model, which can be used as a basis to design mobile product training and learning scenarios.

In the upcoming years, many organizations will face the challenge of intergenerational knowledge transfer. This paper reports on a study that investigates this type of knowledge handover in a media company. We particularly focus on knowledge transfer processes, methods and procedures as well as factors influencing respective activities. Five retirees and five successors were interviewed. Results show that in the investigated organization best-practice knowledge management plays a rather tangential role, structured retention programs are missing, and supported knowledge transfer initiatives are rare. However, influencing factors do not differ from previous study results. Retirees transfer their knowledge relying on basic conversations, tandem learning and shadowing. Furthermore, they strongly believe in an informal learning-by-doing approach, while mentoring is completely absent. With respect to the knowledge transfer process, the study shows that although activities follow rather informal procedures, they may be explained by existing knowledge management theories such as Nonaka and Takeuchi’s SECI model.

Open Innovation is a complex procedure that requires effective management and control along the different stages of the overall process. The automated monitoring of Open Innovation is the aim of a collaborative working environment designed, developed and tested in our research labs. This paper illustrates our solution and provides an assessment of the monitoring capabilities implemented. In particular, we propose a data model with a general approach for defining metrics and a list of metrics enabling automated monitoring with an evaluation of their informative power.

This paper compares chosen results of one design issue which was assigned to different groups of courses’ participants (in different educational programs, given in this abstract in parenthesis): high school students (Creative Team Project course), university students (two separate groups: one group consisted of students from university in Poland and the second group consisted of students from different EU countries - Creative Semester Project course and Design Methods in Logistics and Transportation course) and adults who wanted to enrich their skills in the fields of creativity and entrepreneurship (Innovative Soft Skills and Entrepreneurship Training). Appropriate literature review, description of programs and used methodologies, relative results and findings and conclusion are also given in the paper. The paper also indicates the subjective thoughts of author on the covered topics.

Service identification is one of the main challenges in developing services for Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). A large number of Service Identification Methods (SIMs) have been proposed to simplify service identification. Therefore, many evaluation frameworks are available in the literature for comparing the existing SIMs. This paper aims to identify and analyze the existing evaluation frameworks for SIMs. Moreover, it aims to propose comprehensive evaluation criteria that address most aspects of the existing SIMs. A review of 23 evaluation frameworks for SIMs built the foundation for deriving a comprehensive set of 16 criteria, namely SOA lifecycle coverage, approach, input artifact, technique, types of services, service description, service quality attributes, service granularity, comprehensive, systematic, availability, tool support, adoption of existing practices, validation, configurability, and domain. The proposed criteria set can be used as a first step towards a comprehensive evaluation framework for SIMs.

Service Identification (SI) is an important phase in Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) lifecycle. Many SI challenges have been claimed in the research community that call for research efforts. This research aims at exploring and identifying the claimed challenges of SI in SOA by conducting a literature review to gain insight into the existing SI challenges as published to date. Furthermore, this research aims at collecting the existing claimed causes for each identified challenge. The literature review explored SI challenges that have been claimed between 2005–2016. This paper presents the results of the literature review in identifying 8 claimed SI challenges, namely from the top: service quality attributes, business-IT alignment, systematic SIM (Service Identification Method), comprehensive SIM, tool support, validation, input artifact, and configurability of SIM. The results of this review also revealed that service quality attributes challenge (specifically service granularity) needs more attention in the research community since it is considered the top challenge.

Design Thinking is defined as a methodology that facilitates the generation and implementation of innovative ideas contributing to competitiveness in the current dynamic context. The aim of this article delves into the concept of Design Thinking, its potential application in the health sector and presents a methodology designed from theoretical contributions for innovation in the service experience of pediatric patients in a hospital. The present study shows excellent results about the implementation of Design Thinking in the Health Sector, specifically in a Pediatric Department. The contribution of the Design Thinking methodology was the Hospital Classrooms and the development of a videogame for the understanding of Acute Lymphoid Leukemia that could help the wellness and the quality of life of pediatric patients.

In the internet era, faculty and students in a university could access various digital contents that their library may not purchase. On the one hand, this challenges a university library that conventionally plays the role as a content aggregator and distributor. On the other hand, this drives a university library to redefine its value proposition in knowledge service by leveraging its acquired resources. In this study, we present a living case of an initiative of knowledge service platform, Knowledge Hub (K-hub), developed by the Library of National Tsing Hua University (NTHU), Taiwan. K-hub aggregates intellectual outputs of faculty members to build knowledge maps and collaboration networks, and then each faculty can receive the recommended articles from the journals the university subscribes. Moreover, the library can promote the university by presenting the statistics of publications for the institutes in the university. Moreover, the library can refer the publications of a faculty to corresponding scholars in different research institutes around the world. We take the perspective of Service-Dominant Logic to elaborate the formation of the knowledge service system by integrating value from different stakeholders to co-create value, which represents the core value of a university library in knowledge management. The extended applications of K-hub are also discussed at the end of this article. The lesson learned from this case study benefits other universities in transforming their role for knowledge service.

Background: This paper’s focus is on the synergy in GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and GERD (Gross Expenditure Research and Development) interaction in G7 countries. It allows us to present an explorative analysis of the relationships between key variables (in this case GDP and GERD). Further, it allows a critical synergy analysis on the long-run dynamics of economies. In this article, we demonstrated the methodological power of combining synergy analysis and conventional benchmarking analysis.Method: This study is based on statistical synergy methodology. Data about the G7 countries (USA, Canada, Germany, France, UK, Japan and Italy) was collected from the World Bank. Research question: How can the decree of synergy and trade-off between GERD and GDP impact innovation and knowledge management at a macroeconomic level.Results: The benefits of the synergy methodology include that it provides essential information for economic and social policy-makers. It is a new tool for sustainability analysis. The evaluation of a synergy/trade-off proposed in this paper indicates only a possible and potential causality. However, it does not infer a causal relationship between the variables.Conclusions: Normally, experts and decision-makers expect that there is positive synergy between GERD and GDP. However, finally it is a purely empirical question to evaluate. Synergy dynamics is different among G7 countries. The United Kingdom has the highest synergy level and Japan has the lowest. UK, France and USA have the highest long-run synergy levels among G7 countries. Almost all countries have improved synergy levels between GDP and GERD in the long run which indicates harder competition in the field of global innovation ecosystems.

This research evaluates the hypothesis that knowledge management in the organization should be developed in conjunction with change management. The ability to implement change is a critical factor in creating value based on knowledge and consequently in effectiveness of organizations. The empirical dataset includes 95 Russian private and state-owned organizations. Results of modeling confirm that knowledge management and change readiness are both important for private organizations, but for state-owned organizations, knowledge management is not a factor affecting effectiveness. This means that state-owned organizations reproduce the Soviet bureaucratic style of management at the present time.

The former British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli once quoted ‘change is inevitable, change is constant’. This is very much the current scenario for any businesses in today’s world. The environment in which the businesses operate are changing rapidly. The influences of changes in PEST (Political, Economical, Social, Technology) are having an immediate impact on today’s businesses. The businesses that do not understand or willing to react for these changes will fail miserably. We have witnessed these failures in many businesses as in case of Carillion plc, a British multinational facilities management and construction services company, Lehman Brothers, HMV, Clintons, Jessops, Woolworths etc. The underlying failures of all these firms are due to their inability to understand and adapt to the changes and not willing to change their traditional business models. Especially the financial industry is more vulnerable in today’s world due to the interconnected macro-economy and in order to stay competitive they will have to adapt to a more robust dynamic business models rather than the traditional static models. As part of this case study we are trying to understand if employing a very dynamic data-driven business model will actually help the financial firms to stay ahead of their competition and also the potential challenges and obstacles the companies will face whilst undergoing this transformation. This case study was primarily conducted specifically for an asset management firm based in London, UK.

At present, business decision making is a crucial task in every enterprise as it allows to minimize risks and maximize benefits. For effective decision making, large corporations and enterprises need tools that will help them detect inefficient activities in their internal processes. This article presents a virtual organization of agents designed to detect risky situations and provide recommendations to the internal auditors of large corporations. Each agent within the virtual organization facilitates the interconnection of enterprises with the central decision node of the corporation. The core of the agent-based virtual organization consists of two agents: one that is specialized in detecting risky situations in all aspects of business enterprise and an advisor agent which communicates with the evaluator agents of the different departments of a business and provides decision support services. This paper presents a real-case scenario which includes small and medium enterprises, the results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed architecture.

The search of mission critical software requirements for organization of medium or large sizes should be accompanied by a process that ensures that the scope will fully cover the needs of all areas of the organization. This can be achieved through the establishment of a work methodology that allows technical resources. These technical resources include analysts and stakeholders who will make unified decisions regarding the implementation of software requirements that fully address the total needs of the organization. These decisions also include aspects such as the technical assessment of requirement feasibility, identification of user expectations and analysis of the impact and risk at the time of implementation, which will enable stakeholders to make assertive decisions, oriented towards benefits for the organization.

The changes in contemporary management are oriented towards long-term sustainable solutions. By creating synergic effects between distinct cooperating organizational forms is a solution. In order to create a necessary condition for the synergy establishment it is important to harmonize all the processes within the strategy management, as well as the management decision making. One of the important findings of this study is the key role of company’s human capital and particularities of its behavior deriving from top managers’ behavior and spreading across the whole company. Subsequently, by creating internal synergy, company is able to collaborate successfully with outer environment.

Narcotic-related crime is one of the classic crimes that, even at present, are difficult to tackle. Almost all countries in the world are affected by the problem of narcotics, and the seriousness of this problem is judged in terms of the number of users and the amount of smuggled narcotics. This paper discusses the steps taken by the Indonesian government under the leadership of President Joko Widodo in preventing and tackling narcotic crimes and an effective model of cooperation between Indonesia and Taiwan in preventing and overcoming narcotic crimes. This research uses the normative research type and the qualitative research method. The results show that under the leadership of President Joko Widodo, the war against narcotics is being intensively implemented. All law enforcers have maximized the implementation of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 Year 2009, which prescribes severe penalties for narcotics dealers, ranging from execution of drug dealers to shooting of drug traffickers who resist arrest. Indonesia and Taiwan have done their best to combat narcotics through national policies and the impressive efforts of their law enforcement agencies. Based on this, the authors recommend that the Taiwanese and Indonesian governments must ensure consistency in fighting narcotic crimes. The ongoing smuggling of narcotics, which is a problem that affects both countries, does not mean that the efforts made during this time have failed. However, an effective strategy is needed to prevent narcotic crimes in both countries.

Underpinned by conservation of resources theory, this study examined why and how abusive supervision and perceptions of organizational politics is related to work-family conflict and perceived organizational support in a sample of employed parents in Hong Kong (N = 206). The results revealed that consistent with our predictions, work-family conflict mediated the relationship between the antecedents (abusive supervision and perceptions of organizational politics) and perceived organizational support while procedural justice moderated the relationship between work-family conflict and perceived organizational support.

The aim of this paper is to discuss on the insider threat risks and challenges which have been the biggest problem to most organisations. The survey has gauged the employees’ agreements level of recommended practices derived from the “Common Sense Guide to Mitigating Insider Threats” produced by the Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University (SEI-CMU). The available research works by Computer Emergency Response Team at Carnegie-Mellon University (CERT) offered an effective and possible approach towards identifying the insider threats risk and challenges by identifying feasible activity for implementation as part of a review process within organisation. The respondents indicate that majority of the companies in Malaysia who participated in the survey are basically agreeable to it and currently implementing the recommended practices. The results suggested that most companies are aware of the threats and ready for effective countermeasures. Three factors i.e. motive, method and opportunity must be recognised, identified and suppressed within the organization boundary. As a conclusion, this research could assist organization to understand the general acceptance of the respondents towards suggested practices and it could be some important facts that finding effective way to implement best practices are the demand for further research.

This study aimed to adopt an approach for assessing the mutual influences of risk factors on information system development projects changing from the initialization to control phases. Given that risks evolve dynamically, the variation in the strength and types of risk influences throughout the development process of information system projects should be analyzed so that effective risk management strategies can be devised in a cost-effective way at the right stage. Therefore, our study extended the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory technique to assess quantitatively the interdependencies among the risk factors, and analyze the various influences of each risk factor for each project development phase. An empirical case of a information system development project was conducted to demonstrate the applicability of this technique.

This paper describes the results of the design of an Integrated Knowledge Management System in Health (IKMSH), including the description of a methodology for implementation; the system focuses on strengthening the provision of health services at the regional level and supported by knowledge management and information and communication technologies. This system allows the dynamic integration of existing or new information systems with knowledge management applications, supported in an interactive knowledge portal as an interface between the user and intelligent agents; the system is also supported by a knowledge repository integrated under specific data mining techniques and intelligent agents to provide reliable, secure and verifiable information and knowledge in the management of health decisions.The proposed system is integral because it includes the necessary parts of the General Social Security System in Health at the governmental level: Assurance, management, provision of services, surveillance and control, supervision, evaluation and other components of health care.Taking into account the magnitude of the system and that governmental support is required for its implementation, a series of strategies are proposed for its development, organization and implementation.

Usability testing is a key activity of the user interface design (UID) process and software development. The paper presents the results of evaluating the usability of international scientific conference website using heuristics evaluation proposed by Nielson. The selected website for scientific conference was a successful example of a case study that used in Human Computer Interface (HCI) course. Seven participants (i.e. students) registered in the HCI course were involved in this study and asked to play the expert’s role. The case study results show that UID is given less importance by website developers and designers. This study also resulted in a greater appreciation of UID from the students, as they presumed that designers implicitly apply heuristics and guidelines as a premise, which, in reality, is overlooked as resulted in this study. For practical implications, this study emphasizes that instructors need to incorporate real life examples in the classroom when teaching HCI course material in order to put the theoretical concepts into real practice. In addition, it asserts that applying heuristics and other UID guidelines should be applied as a core element of website development process. Furthermore, it provides directions to improve the usability of the conference website by solving the identified problems.

Technology has changed the way in which humans interact with each other. Many activities that before required human interaction can now be performed using a machine. It can be said that the way in which human beings relate has changed altogether. One of the main difficulties in communication between humans occurs when they do not speak the same language. This problem becomes more acute in situations where the understanding of both parties is essential, for example during economic transactions. Computing can help improve this process by promoting understanding between the customer and the seller, contributing to better consumer experience. This paper presents a case study in which human-machine interfaces are used in the exchange of currency at airports, where customers are of multiple nationalities and the vendor does not always speak the same language as the customer. The system was evaluated at a real airport and very positive results were obtained.

Information literacy (IL) on the workplace is important for the success of competitive organizations. Despite its importance, many organizations in developing countries lack this critical skill. This paper uses secondary data from studies showing why IL is lacking in Tunisia. These studies reveal that because of a lack of IL skills, organizations were not able to engage in Environmental Scanning (ES) activities to collect anticipative information from their competitive environment, make sense of them and generate new knowledge to be innovative and competitive. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for the connection of IL with ES and Knowledge Management (KM) and recommends an IL model taking in account the actual urgent needs and the social and cultural aspects of the country to be implemented.

The analysis, design, implementation, maintenance, and enhancement of a complex information system is a long-term iterative process involving legacy systems and subsequent upgrades that need to avoid being bundled by a single hardware vendor, software vendor or system integrator. Stakeholders need a divide-and-conquer approach to help them find problem boundary, focus on the issues of concern, make rational decisions, and make reasonable requirements. Based on the concepts of IaaS, PaaS and SaaS in cloud computing, this paper presents a quintuple method for describing the structure of complex information systems, which can help all stakeholders analyze and participate in each phases of an information system life cycle.

The ongoing economic and social transformations in urban spaces have raised the attention of policymakers and planners in favor of non-motorized transport, such as pedestrians. In Latin America, the traditional planning takes into account those most influential aspects of transport systems, usually measured in terms of economic impact and, through the years, directed efforts to improve motorized transport systems and its infrastructure in most urban centers. In general, urban transport planning has aimed at building infrastructure and specific pedestrian features and its internal dynamics are not considered. Therefore, this study aims at presenting a model of collective intelligence based on system dynamics that allows represent the features relationships within the pedestrian system of Bogotá, at different levels of decision, integrating databases, aiming at a systemic analysis for decision-making. The methodology used for the research was descriptive and case study, based on bibliographic, documental and fieldwork investigation. The main result of the study is the design of a prototype meta-model proposing a methodology for planning pedestrian system, based on the development of collective intelligence, recognizing human interaction, that can be adopted by transport planners.

The article seeks to design a risk management framework at the Sterilization Unit in the San Jose Hospital according to the ISO 31000 guidelines as outcome of a research project between the Catholic University of Colombia and the Fundacion Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud. This proposal can generate knowledge to improve the making-decisions into the medical processes to achieve the Patient Safety Policy. In addition, Risk Management is linked with the Patient Safety Policy, laws and normative in health sector, but in the literature review realized in Scopus, Science Direct and ISI Web of Knowledge databases risks and sterilization are not linked with Quality Management System and Knowledge Management in research publications. Furthermore, several research and review articles have a lot of information about technical information while the need on holistic approach is not appear in these databases. The methodological design was structured in accordance to the ISO 31000 guidelines and legal normative in a Colombian sterilization unit that realize sterilization by autoclave, hydrogen peroxide and ethylene oxide and it is processing 200 packages daily approximately. On the one hand, the risk management framework has seven foundations and five risk criteria to identify and evaluate them. On the other hand, the risk management framework had applied into sterilization processes and we identified and evaluated 15 risks on 14 sub-processes. Risk management began in washing and disinfection process and finalize in storage packets. In addition, sterilization risks have several impacts on organizational objectives and key indicators. Risks analysis tools must be included to generate scenarios and reports to take decisions. People who works in sterilization unit must use lessons learned to incorporate it in the risk management framework. Quality Management System for Medical Devices is an opportunity to improve the performance on the sterilization processes.

The development of higher education quality assurance system has not reached the quality culture level, but still at the standard development and quality assurance standard. In addition, the requirement implementation of higher education quality assurance system should have developed the quality culture. The research is considered as a case study with a qualitative approach. The results conclude that STKIP Singkawang has implemented 30 National Standards of Higher Education, owned 24 national standards and set up the internal standards covering the domestic and foreign cooperation, Academic Atmosphere, Student, Student Affair, graduate, Administrative Management and Leadership, Hygiene and Safety, as well as Promotion and Publication standards. The development of the higher education quality culture may not be separated from the cultures of the surrounding communities. Thus, the development of quality culture should be based on the needs of higher education, including its rectors, lecturers, students and educational personnel integrated in the cultures developing in their environment. Not only does the higher education quality culture become a part of the surrounding environmental cultures, higher education should be able to function as the environmental culture development agency. Higher education with its functions as an agent of cultural changes need to formulate the cultural development strategies, quality standards, implementation of quality culture development strategies as well as monitoring and evaluation.

This article presents the proof of concept of a proposed architecture that allows building an environment to automate the activities of planning, monitoring and controlling of a project, from the integration of workflow tools and scheduling of project. In order to validate the architecture, it was implemented on the Intalio tool as a workflow and Open Project as a scheduling tool, the first being a business process management platform allowed the coherent integration of the process tasks towards the updating of the scheduling tool in real time. The proposed integration allows to feed a knowledge base from which the system automatically proposes a new timetable for the pending activities, according to the real progress of the project. This makes it easier for the project manager to visualize the real progress of the work, the optimal management of the time resources and the timely making of decisions that leads to the fulfilment of objectives, which, having a knowledge management base, becomes a support for the administration of future related and/or similar projects.

Nowadays, considerable attention has been given by the researchers in the field of Cloud Computing to the emerging Inter-Cloud computing paradigm, where different cloud service providers collaborate or federate to achieve better QoS and cost efficiency. In this context, in order to prevent the unauthorized access of the distributed system components, authentication and authorization functions are to be enforced effectively. In this paper, we propose the conceptual model of the agent-based approach for the identity and access management in the dynamic inter-cloud environments where the Cloud Service Providers or the partners of the inter-cloud federation join and leave the federation dynamically. We further discuss the architectural model for the agent-based approach for solving the policy conflicts in the inter-cloud scenario while dealing with the access requests of cloud consumers in the inter-cloud environments. A few open issues in the area of identity and access management in the inter-cloud environment are also discussed.

Gene Ontology is a structured repository of concepts that are associated to one or more gene products. The Gene Ontology describes gene products in terms of their associated biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions in a species-independent manner. There are different approaches available to discover the biologically relevant associations between terms of Gene Ontology. Multiple genomic and proteomic semantic annotations scattered in many distributed and heterogeneous data sources such heterogeneity and dispersion hamper the biologists’ ability of asking global queries and performing global evaluations. To overcome this problem, we developed a knowledge based framework to create and maintain a Genomic and Proteomic Knowledge Base, which integrates several of the most relevant sources. We have developed an approach using Multi-Ontology data mining at All Levels (MOAL) to mine cross-ontology association rules, i.e. rules that involve Gene Ontology terms present in its sub-ontologies for identifying the gene attacked disease.

In an Industry 4.0 environment, the data generated by sensors networks requires machine learning and data analysis techniques. Thus, organizations face both new opportunities and challenges, one of them is predictive analysis using computer tools capable of detecting patterns in the analyzed data from the same rules that can be used to formulate predictions. The Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems (HVAC) control in an important number of industries: indoor climate, air’s temperature, humidity and pressure, creating an optimal production environment. In accordance, a case study is presented, in it a HVAC dataset was used to test the performance of the equipment and observe whether it maintains temperatures in an optimal range. The aim of this paper is making use of machine learning algorithms for the design of predictive models in the Industry 4.0 environment, using the previously mentioned dataset.

The correct integration between business intelligence (BI) and knowledge management (KM) allows organizations to make decisions in accordance with their strategic objectives, through accurate and timely information. The present article presents a model that uses emerging technologies to integrate both tools, considering also the technological and knowledge assets (which are key elements in decision making) in order to enable the cognitive download of company employees, innovation and operational excellence.

Categorization of network traffic according to application is an element that determines important task in management network such as flow prioritization according; consist on the importance of the application to determine which flows get the most resources or which flows get resources first, traffic policing consists in drops traffic and diagnostic monitoring. In the other hand, categorize applications can be employed for resolve engineering problems such as workload categorization for identify the amount of work assigned or done by a client, capacity planning and route provisioning.In this paper, we show the results of the research project “Implementation of the RAIN algorithm for the clustering of network users”. It describes the problem, and mentions some related researches. Then, the selected gravitation algorithm is itemized; it also submits the tests analysis and results, and finally shows the reached conclusions from the research.

The sensorization of machines used in industries (Industry 4.0) and the ability to connect them to a data network, have changed the way companies maintain and optimize the performance of their machines. Each one is capable of generating large volumes of data daily, big data methodologies can now be applied to these data in order to extract knowledge, this was an impossible task not so long ago. However, in many cases sensorization and data analysis are not enough to detect faults or alarms and once they occur, an operator must fix them manually. The purpose of this paper is to use a semantic analyzer, based primarily on a case-based reasoning system which extracts information from the reports written by operators about the faults they resolved in machines. Thus, when a fault or alarm occurs and there are previous reports about this machine, the developed system independently proposes a solution and there is no need for an operator to identify the problem. To do this, a text analysis platform has been created, it applies case-based reasoning to report the causes of the problem. In the majority of cases, the proposed system can successfully resolve the problem and it is not necessary to revise the machine in order to detect a malfunction and also simplifies the repair process by providing the operator with a glossary of key terms based on the history of repair reports.

In today’s digital age, businesses are doing a lot of their activities online. The internet always brings new possibilities in every area and the area of integrated marketing communication is one of the most developing fields. An important role is played by social media with links to user geolocation and mobile devices, i.e. mobile marketing. These marketing techniques are based on attracting attention to the brand, product, or particular business. The aim of this paper is to examine and point out the effect of ads on Facebook’s social network using mobile marketing tools. The data were obtained with the conducted survey and the internal documents of the selected company. The results confirmed the premise that using the latest marketing communications in the digital environment greatly increases brand awareness and geolocation. The target is therefore to create user-friendly content and get its attention. Such a way of integrated marketing communication represents the most popular way to attract customers in a simple and effective way with properly placed content and information. However, the principle of both-sided, active communication is a prerequisite for such functioning. Today’s customers are very happy to in-form others about where they are, what they are doing, where they are shopping, and so on. This behavior helps companies actively monitor their activities and prepare an attractive offer for them. Since the issue of SoLoMo marketing is still relatively little explored in Slovakia, the paper points out mainly the theoretical knowledge of the given issue.

Knowing and analyzing customer requirements is a constant challenge in quality management. Organizations can use various forms to identify and analyze these requirements. The most commonly used tools include complaint analysis, observation of customer behavior, like/dislike questions, questions about feelings, general questionnaires, external and internal focus groups, attributive satisfaction measurement and statistical analysis. This paper aims to explore the extent to which these techniques are associated with the organization’s resultant success. The results are based on a survey and the data are processed by standard statistical procedures. Individual analyzes pointed out to the fact that in terms of the market situation there are four groups of organizations. One of them, named as “innovators”, uses mostly semi-open forms of customer feedback acquisition and analysis. The success of the organization is a relatively broad concept, and the generalization of its predictors is not entirely possible. The submitted paper provides an objective view of forms of customer feedback analysis as an opportunity for organizational competitiveness.

Social networks have become a great communication channel where users express their opinions and sentiments freely. Companies have seen in these platforms an unbeatable opportunity to launch their promotional and commercial messages. The biggest challenge they face is the management and analysis of the huge amounts of data published on them and the location of influential individuals who may be prescriptors of such messages. Virtual Organizations become an unbeatable solution for the collection, filtering and analysis of all this information. The present work makes a proposal for an architecture that allows the management of data on Twitter to help make business decisions in the field of digital marketing. The results show not only the suitability of the architecture but also interesting conclusions about the elements of a tweet that determine the social influence of the individual or organization that publishes them.

In the recent years, several terrorist groups have started to make an intensive use of the Internet and various online social networks to spread their message and radicalize vulnerable individuals. In this context, security forces are in charge of detecting and monitoring ongoing radicalization processes, which often take place publicly, in social networks such as Twitter. Unfortunately, effective countermeasures can only be adopted through early detection, which is not always possible through manual analysis due to the growing amount of information to be analyzed. We propose a novel framework to enable the automatic detection and monitoring of radicalization processes that occur in Twitter. In particular, our system performs two different tasks: (1) Detects influential users with a radicalization agenda, suggesting relevant profiles to human supervisors; and (2) Monitors the interactions of confirmed radical users, estimating the risk of radicalization for vulnerable users that interact with them. Finally, we present a case study on the monitoring of “Hogar Social Madrid”, a far-right extremist group that operates in Spain and makes an intensive use of social networks. In this case study, we show how our platform enabled us to identify several profiles immersed in a process of radicalization, which corresponded to young individuals that recently adopted the radical messages and ideas of “Hogar Social Madrid”.

In this paper we discuss some drawbacks of IoT in relation to reuse of applications. The studied approaches do not propose a repository for cataloguing applications or tools for discovering IoT applications for reuse. The purpose of this research is twofold: (i) propose a repository model to catalogue IoT applications, and (ii) present a tool for discovering IoT applications for reuse. The goal is to enable the search and reuse of existing solutions to avoid rework and to facilitate the development of applications for IoT. Based on the proposed approach, a proof of concept was implemented by means of a prototype. For the discovery process, a version of a k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm was adapted to use both Euclidean and Levenshtein distances. This was necessary due to descriptor types required to identify the applications. The prototype was applied to a case study with promising results, pointing out the usefulness of this proposal.

The development of big data & analytics projects with the participation of several corporate divisions and research groups within and among organizations is a non-trivial problem and requires well-defined roles and processes. Since there is no accepted standard for the implementation of big data & analytics projects, project managers have to either adapt an existing data mining process methodology or create a new one. This work presents a use case for a big data & analytics project for the banking sector. The authors found out that an adaptation of ASUM-DM, a refined CRISP-DM, with the addition of big data analysis, application prototyping, and prototype evaluation, plus a strong project management work with an emphasis in communications proved the best solution to develop a cross-disciplinary, multi-organization, geographically-distributed big data & analytics project.

The motivation of this paper was to establish how the Blockchain can be used to ensure the authenticity of information intended to be used by an IoT device so that the integrity of it can be guaranteed. In this way, the case of use of an IoT device such as a drone or unmanned aerial vehicle UAV is considered as a practical application studying the needs of this system, the implementation of the Blockchain platform chosen but not the implementation of the drone.

“Innovation 25 [1]” is a long-term strategy initiative issued by the Cabinet Office of Japan for the creation of innovation contributing to the growth of the nation with an eye on the year 2025. As its concrete promotion plan, the Fifth Science and Technology Basic Plan [2]) emphasizes the development of future industry and societal transformation and requires successive efforts to realize a world-leading “super smart society (SOCIETY 5.0.)”. Under these circumstances, electrical manufacturers have adopted new approaches to materialize SOCIETY 5.0, with customer co-creation business as a key strategy on the basis of the service-dominant logic [3]. In the context of service business initiated by manufacturers, the concept of “value provided” is shifted from conventional “product creation” to “service creation”, where new service projects will be undertaken aiming at the co-creation of value with customers (users) and further the creation of value for customers by customers. Against this backdrop, in order to establish the innovation for “service creation,” the role of tacit knowledge (senseware) based on the knowledge science (knowledge creation theory) has become important.

Companies are inundated with huge amounts of data these days, whether from existing company’s systems or new information sources such as social media, mobile devices, fitness equipment etc. Many forward-thinking companies are finding that the Big Data can offer possibilities to support the innovation management process. New tools, methods and techniques for obtaining and processing various data can reveal new opportunities for realization of the economically successful innovation on the market.

The transformation of traditional cities to smart cities becomes increasingly important for the actors that interact with it; government, public and private organizations, and citizens in general, in addition to making easier its implementation thanks to the development of ICTs (Information and Communications Technologies). Each project deals with specific needs according to the city’s characteristics (technological development, educational level, quality of provision of public services, number of inhabitants, climatic and environmental conditions, etc.), however, it is possible to establish a general methodology for developing this transformation. The present article develops a methodological proposal for the implementation of a smart city which includes five stages; analysis of current situation, preparation of a work plan, strategic formulation, action plan and management plan. Each stage is developed by integrating components such as infrastructure, technologies, processes and human capital in order to satisfy established strategic objectives and, overall, to create a better quality of life of its inhabitants and a sustainable environment.

One of the main problems in urban environments is the accumulation of waste. A large percentage of waste can be recycled, preventing it from being deposited at landfills or uncontrolled sites, contributing to air, soil and water pollution. Although today’s systems collect and separate different types of waste, a large part of waste is not disposed at recycling centres. In order to increase the amount of waste that is recycled, it is necessary to motivate our society to become involved in recycling activities. For this reason, this paper proposes a system that encourages citizen participation by obtaining reductions in the waste rate applied by their local government, so that the amount of waste collected to be recycled is increased. This system employs a virtual organization of agents that obtains and manages the knowledge of each city and that through gamification techniques produces a change in the habits of citizens, motivating and increasing citizen participation in recycling regardless of the urban environment in which it is implemented. A case study was carried out in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, the results show that citizen participation would increase by 32.2% and the amount of recycled waste would increase by 17.2%.

This paper about knowledge management strategies to improve productive processes in Small and Medium size Enterprises - SMEs through the benefits offered by a law that allows the incorporation of renewable energy for cost reduction, improvements in competitiveness and making more efficient products and services. The Generation of energy from renewable sources is an alternative to the supply, support, and interconnection of electricity to meet the energetic needs of homes and companies, these sources are characterized by being friendly to the environment, decreasing impacts caused by traditional electric power generation systems.Law 1715 of 2014, “By which it is regulated the integration of Non-Conventional Renewable Energies - NCRE - mainly Renewable to the National Energy System”, encourages the use, promotes development and provides the opportunity to natural and legal people to invest in projects of NCRE and energy efficiency management EEM. Through tax, commercial and financial incentives which are very important in the purchase, implementation, import, research, advice, and development to satisfy the country’s electricity sectors. Based on the above, the main objective of this study is to analyze how the incorporation of renewable energy sources impacts the cost of producing goods or services in small businesses, to make them more competitive, exploring in the framework of the efficient use of energy also consider the possibility of taking advantage of the incentives offered by Law 1715 of 2014.

Currently in Colombia, steps have been taken towards institutional transparency and one of the most important components for this purpose is the publication of data in open formats. These data can be analyzed by people through computer systems to obtain new knowledge. In this case, a proposal is presented in which, based on the rules of logical consistency, measures can be constructed that, when applied to open data sets, determine a minimum quality.

Air traffic management (ATM) has increased the complexity of computational solutions over the last decades to support the discovery process and knowledge management in decision-making process. It involves dealing with more information about flights, weather, delays, forecasting scenarios, and others. An evolution of ATM programs was the Collaborative Trajectory Options Program (CTOP), which is applied in the USA since 2014. In Brazil, some initial studies are analyzing this evolution and how the current air traffic management could be improved. One option is to implement the concept addressed by CTOP and its specificities based on Brazil context. This paper presents a computational solution that uses the main concept of CTOP with a collaborative approach to implement the program in Brazil. The main objective is to reduce delays of flights captured by the CTOP, so that the airlines collaboratively reduce delays in their flights and each airline can their business goals, using techniques of Artificial Intelligence with Game Theory and Folk Theorem. The CTOP approach to Brazilian air traffic management is a first initiative to improve the air traffic programs by using the collaborative decision-making process to achieve better results. The achieved results were important for this initial case study, decreasing about 18% of delays in CTOP captured flights, when it was considered only the priority flights of an airline.

Give the definition of work Augmented Reality (AR) and see how the learning process can be arranged outside the classroom with mobile learning. Classify major components (device technology, models of instructional design, media types, and activities/outcomes study). Discuss constraints technical and pedagogical presented by AR, before looking at how that can be used for learning. AR can be used in mobile learning. The important contribution of the two fields can be seen in a discussion of the underlying teaching techniques related to the use of AR; and taxonomy which classifies the various aspects of mobile AR to study in a variety of situations. AR as an alternative medium of learning in the future. In the past, the limitations of AR technology are only used in one place cannot be moved around. However, the development of AR continues to do so has been obtained AR a portable or can be taken anywhere. Utilization of AR in the world of education to the introduction of animals to early childhood through smartphone devices and cards.