Online Algorithms for Optimal Energy Distribution in Microgrids

verfasst von: Yu Wang, Shiwen Mao, R. Mark Nelms

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

Presenting an optimal energy distribution strategy for microgrids in a smart grid environment, and featuring a detailed analysis of the mathematical techniques of convex optimization and online algorithms, this book provides readers with essential content on how to achieve multi-objective optimization that takes into consideration power subscribers, energy providers and grid smoothing in microgrids. Featuring detailed theoretical proofs and simulation results that demonstrate and evaluate the correctness and effectiveness of the algorithm, this text explains step-by-step how the problem can be reformulated and solved, and how to achieve the distributed online algorithm on the basis of a centralized offline algorithm. Special attention is paid to how to apply this algorithm in practical cases and the possible future trends of the microgrid and smart grid research and applications. Offering a valuable guide to help researchers and students better understand the new smart grid, this book will also familiarize readers with the concept of the microgrid and its relationship with renewable energy.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Introduction

Abstract

Smart grid (SG) is regarded as the next-generation intelligent power grid. Smart grid provides the necessary fundamentals for power control and management in microgrid, which is considered as an important emerging application in SG. This chapter presents an introduction to the important concepts and technologies in smart grid, from two main aspects: smart grid infrastructure and smart grid applications. The smart infrastructure includes smart power system, information technology, and communication system. And smart grid applications include fundamental applications, emerging applications, and derived applications.

Yu Wang, Shiwen Mao, R. Mark Nelms

Chapter 2. Centralized Online Algorithm for Optimal Energy Distribution in Connected Microgrid

Abstract

The two-way energy and information flows in SG environment, together with the smart devices, bring new perspectives to energy management and demand response in MGs. This chapter investigates an online algorithm for electricity energy distribution in a connected MG. We first present a formulation that captures the key design factors such as user’s utility and cost, grid load smoothing, dynamic pricing, and energy provisioning cost. The problem is shown to be convex and can be solved with an offline algorithm if future user and grid-related information are known a priori. We then develop an online algorithm that only requires past and present information about users and the grid, and prove that the online solution is asymptotically optimal. The proposed energy distribution framework and the online algorithm are quite general, suitable for a wide range of utility, cost, and pricing functions. It is evaluated with trace-driven simulations and shown to outperform a benchmark scheme.

Yu Wang, Shiwen Mao, R. Mark Nelms

Chapter 3. Distributed Online Algorithm for Optimal Energy Distribution in Connected Microgrids

Abstract

This chapter investigates a distributed online algorithm for power distribution in a connected MG, based on the centralized algorithm presented in Chap. 2. In this chapter, we take into account more practical factors, such as the user privacy and the distributed control manner. Based on the model introduced in National Institute of Standard and Technology, we first present a formulation that captures the key design factors such as user’s utility, grid load smoothing, and energy provisioning cost. The problem is shown to be convex and can be solved with a centralized online algorithm proposed in Chap. 2. We then develop a distributed online algorithm that decomposes and solves the online problem in a distributed manner, and prove that the distributed online solution is asymptotically optimal. The proposed distributed online algorithm is also practical and mitigates the user privacy issue by not sharing user utility functions. It is evaluated with trace-driven simulations and shown to outperform a benchmark scheme.

Yu Wang, Shiwen Mao, R. Mark Nelms

Chapter 4. Open Problems of Energy Management in Microgrids

Abstract

The great feature of MG for incorporating DGs of DER makes it an important and promising application in future SG. Different energy management schemes are required for the MG when connected and islanded. Energy management in islanded mode is more difficult than the connected mode because of the lack of an infinite power bus and fluctuated distributed generation, which also leaves many problems open for research. Forecasting in islanded MGs and energy management for MGs in emergency are two important topics that lack considerable research efforts. On the other hand, for maximization of resources utilization and large-scale DG penetrations, cooperation between multiple MGs are enabled. It is even bolder to assume a highly advanced and integrated grid composed of MG networks without the macrogrid. This opens another area with many problems to solve in both theoretical and practical aspects. The open problems on energy management for islanded MGs and cooperative MGs are discussed in this chapter.

Yu Wang, Shiwen Mao, R. Mark Nelms

Titel: Online Algorithms for Optimal Energy Distribution in Microgrids
verfasst von: Yu Wang
Shiwen Mao
R. Mark Nelms
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-17133-3
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17132-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17133-3