Enhanced Building Information Models

Using IoT Services and Integration Patterns

verfasst von: Umit Isikdag

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : SpringerBriefs in Computer Science

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Über dieses Buch

This book explains how to combine and exploit sensor networks and internet-of-things (IoT) technologies and Web-service design patterns to enrich and integrate Building Information Models (BIMs). It provides approaches and software architectures for facilitating the interaction with (and between) BIMs through Web services, and for enabling and facilitating the fusion of the information residing in such models or of information acquired from IoT technologies. The proposed software architectures are presented in the form of design patterns. This information fusion will facilitate many novel application fields ranging from emergency response, to urban monitoring and surveillance, and to smart buildings.

The book consists of 8 chapters. The first 2 chapters focus on the basics of BIMs, while chapter 3 presents fundamental service-oriented architecture patterns for complex information models. Subsequently, chapters 4 and 5 elaborate on the hardware and software side of IoT, with a special focus on their use for BIMs. Chapter 6 provides advanced SOA patterns for BIMs, while chapter 7 details patterns for IoT, and for BIM and IoT information fusion. Lastly, chapter 8 summarizes the work and provides an outlook on promising future developments.

Overall, the book will be beneficial for researchers and developers in the fields of building information models, IoT applications, and systems integration.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Building Information Models: An Introduction

Abstract

A building information model (BIM) can be defined as the digital representation of a building that contains semantic information about the building elements. The keyword BIM also defines an information management process based on the collaborative use of semantically rich 3D digital building models in all stages of the project’s and building’s lifecycle. A BIM is defined by its object model schema. Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is the most popular BIM standard (and schema) currently. This chapter starts by providing definitions of BIM and the general characteristics of IFC models, elaborates on sharing/exchanging of BIMs and model views, and concludes by discussing the role of BIMs in enterprises.

Umit Isikdag

Chapter 2. The Future of Building Information Modelling: BIM 2.0

Abstract

The first evolution of BIM was from being a shared warehouse of information to an information management strategy. Now the BIM is evolving from being an information management strategy to being a construction management method. This change in interpretation of BIM is fast and noticeable. Four newly emerging dimensions in management of building information towards transforming BIM to BIM 2.0 focus on enabling an (i) integrated environment of (ii) distributed information which is always (iii) up to date and open for (iv) derivation of new information. The chapter starts with providing recent trends in building information modelling and then elaborates on technologies that will enable BIM 2.0. BIM-based management of the overall construction processes is becoming a major requirement of the construction industry, and the final part of this chapter provides matrices that can be used as a tool for facilitating BIM-based projects and process management.

Umit Isikdag

Chapter 3. Foundational SOA Patterns for Complex Information Models

Abstract

In domains where detailed semantic information coupled with detailed geometric representations is of key importance, such as city modelling, construction, aircraft industry, ship production and so on, information models that represent these domains are usually of a complex structure. This chapter starts by summarizing design principles of service orientation, and later provides 10 service-oriented architecture (SOA) patterns for managing complex information models. The chapter provides patterns to facilitate the management of complex information models. Generalized service-oriented architectural approaches covering complex information models are presented. BIM-specific SOA patterns are presented in Chaps. 6 and 7.

Umit Isikdag

Chapter 4. Internet of Things: Single-Board Computers

Abstract

The present can be regarded as the start of the Internet of Things (IoT) era. IoT covers the utilization of sensors and near-field communication hardware such as RFID or NFC, together with embedded computing devices. The devices can range from cell phones to RFID readers, GPS devices to tablets, embedded control systems in cars to weather stations. In an IoT environment, a door would have the ability to connect with the fire alarm, or your chair would communicate with your home lights, or a car would communicate with the parking space. In the context of this book, we focus on single-board computers (SBCs) as the main IoT hardware components for acquiring and presenting indoor information. This chapter elaborates on different types of SBCs that can be used for acquiring and presenting information regarding building elements, indoor equipment and indoor spaces.

Umit Isikdag

Chapter 5. Internet of Things: Software Platforms

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) architectures do not only consist of hardware. The IoT hardware would require operating systems to work and also need to implement communication protocols to communicate with other devices and humans. Furthermore, there are middleware components that facilitate communication and exchange of information between devices. In IoT architectures, integration portals play an important role in combining and integrating information acquired from multiple devices and presenting this information to the users. This chapter provides detailed information on the software side of IoT.

Umit Isikdag

Chapter 6. Advanced SOA Patterns for Building Information Models

Abstract

Two styles of Web services exist today: Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and REST. Representational State Transfer (REST) is often preferred over the more heavyweight SOAP because REST does not leverage as much bandwidth. REST’s decoupled architecture makes it a popular building style for cloud-based APIs, such as those provided by Amazon, Microsoft and Google. This chapter starts with providing technical information about RESTful Web services. Following this, RESTful design patterns for facilitating BIM-based software and Web service architectures are presented.

Umit Isikdag

Chapter 7. Sensor Service Architectures for BIM Environments

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) approach proposes a global wireless sensor/actuator network composed of everyday devices such as home appliances, city furniture, mobile phones or vehicles. Everyday devices would be either publishers of information and subscribers of information coming from other people and devices. The information provided by each device would only be limited by the device’s sensing capabilities. In order to represent real-time information about indoors, the integration between information acquired from IoT devices and BIM elements (including door, window, wall, slab, roof, staircase and space) is an obvious necessity. This chapter first presents patterns related to integration of information provided by IoT elements, and then focuses on patterns that are formulated for integration of BIMs with information provided by the IoT elements.

Umit Isikdag

Chapter 8. Summary and Future Outlook

Abstract

There are significant advantages provided by the patterns presented, including provision of client-independent and lightweight software architectures by making use of loosely coupled nature of RESTful Web services and message brokers. The integration of Internet of things (IoT) and building information models (BIMs), consuming information acquired from both resources, provides various opportunities for different domains ranging from city management to construction management and emergency response. This chapter provides a summary of the book contents and underlines the opportunities provided by integration of information from BIM and IoT elements.

Umit Isikdag

Titel: Enhanced Building Information Models
verfasst von: Umit Isikdag
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-21825-0
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-21824-3
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21825-0