Skip to main content

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

STL Model Checking of Continuous and Hybrid Systems

verfasst von : Hendrik Roehm, Jens Oehlerking, Thomas Heinz, Matthias Althoff

Erschienen in: Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a formalism for reasoning about temporal properties of continuous-time traces of hybrid systems. Previous work on this subject mostly focuses on robust satisfaction of an STL formula for a particular trace. In contrast, we present a method solving the problem of formally verifying an STL formula for continuous and hybrid system models, which exhibit uncountably many traces. We consider an abstraction of a model as an evolution of reachable sets. Through leveraging the representation of the abstraction, the continuous-time verification problem is reduced to a discrete-time problem. For the given abstraction, the reduction to discrete-time and our decision procedure are sound and complete for finitely represented reach sequences and sampled time STL formulas. Our method does not rely on a special representation of reachable sets and thus any reachability analysis tool can be used to generate the reachable sets. The benefit of the method is illustrated on an example from the context of automated driving.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Ahmadyan, S.N., Kumar, J.A., Vasudevan, S.: Runtime verification of nonlinear analog circuits using incremental time-augmented RRT algorithm. In: Proceedings of Design, Test & Automation in Europe (2013) Ahmadyan, S.N., Kumar, J.A., Vasudevan, S.: Runtime verification of nonlinear analog circuits using incremental time-augmented RRT algorithm. In: Proceedings of Design, Test & Automation in Europe (2013)
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Althoff, M.: An introduction to CORA . In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Applied Verification for Continuous and Hybrid Systems, pp. 120–151 (2015) Althoff, M.: An introduction to CORA . In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Applied Verification for Continuous and Hybrid Systems, pp. 120–151 (2015)
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Althoff, M., Dolan, J.M.: Reachability computation of low-order models for the safety verification of high-order road vehicle models. In: American Control Conference, pp. 3559–3566. IEEE (2012) Althoff, M., Dolan, J.M.: Reachability computation of low-order models for the safety verification of high-order road vehicle models. In: American Control Conference, pp. 3559–3566. IEEE (2012)
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Alur, R., Courcoubetis, C., Dill, D.L.: Model-checking for real-time systems. In: Proceedings of 5th Symposium on Logic in Computer Science, pp. 414–425 (1990) Alur, R., Courcoubetis, C., Dill, D.L.: Model-checking for real-time systems. In: Proceedings of 5th Symposium on Logic in Computer Science, pp. 414–425 (1990)
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Asarin, E., et al.: Recent progress in continuous and hybrid reachability analysis. In: Conference on Computer Aided Control Systems Design, pp. 1582–1587 (2006) Asarin, E., et al.: Recent progress in continuous and hybrid reachability analysis. In: Conference on Computer Aided Control Systems Design, pp. 1582–1587 (2006)
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Baier, C., Katoen, J.-P.: Principles of Model Checking. MIT Press, Cambridge (2008)MATH Baier, C., Katoen, J.-P.: Principles of Model Checking. MIT Press, Cambridge (2008)MATH
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Bresolin, D.: HyLTL: a temporal logic for model checking hybrid systems. In: Proceedings Third International Workshop on Hybrid Autonomous Systems, pp. 73–84. HAS (2013) Bresolin, D.: HyLTL: a temporal logic for model checking hybrid systems. In: Proceedings Third International Workshop on Hybrid Autonomous Systems, pp. 73–84. HAS (2013)
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Clarke, E.M., Grumberg, O., Peled, D.A.: Model Checking. MIT Press, Cambridge (2000) Clarke, E.M., Grumberg, O., Peled, D.A.: Model Checking. MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Duggirala, P.S., Mitra, S., Viswanathan, M., Potok, M.: C2E2: a verification tool for stateflow models. In: Baier, C., Tinelli, C. (eds.) TACAS 2015. LNCS, vol. 9035, pp. 68–82. Springer, Heidelberg (2015) Duggirala, P.S., Mitra, S., Viswanathan, M., Potok, M.: C2E2: a verification tool for stateflow models. In: Baier, C., Tinelli, C. (eds.) TACAS 2015. LNCS, vol. 9035, pp. 68–82. Springer, Heidelberg (2015)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Fainekos, G.E., Pappas, G.J.: Robustness of temporal logic specifications for continuous-time signals. Theor. Comput. Sci. 410(42), 4262–4291 (2009)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH Fainekos, G.E., Pappas, G.J.: Robustness of temporal logic specifications for continuous-time signals. Theor. Comput. Sci. 410(42), 4262–4291 (2009)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Frehse, G., et al.: SpaceEx: scalable verification of hybrid systems. In: Computer Aided Verification, pp. 379–395 (2011) Frehse, G., et al.: SpaceEx: scalable verification of hybrid systems. In: Computer Aided Verification, pp. 379–395 (2011)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Guéguen, H., Lefebvre, M., Zaytoon, J., Nasri, O.: Safety verification and reachability analysis for hybrid systems. Ann. Rev. Control 33(1), 25–36 (2009)CrossRef Guéguen, H., Lefebvre, M., Zaytoon, J., Nasri, O.: Safety verification and reachability analysis for hybrid systems. Ann. Rev. Control 33(1), 25–36 (2009)CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee, E.A.: CPS foundations. In: Design Automation Conference, pp. 737–742 (2010) Lee, E.A.: CPS foundations. In: Design Automation Conference, pp. 737–742 (2010)
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee, I., Kannan, S., Kim, M., Sokolsky, O., Viswanathan, M.: Runtime assurance based on formal specifications. In: Proceedings of the IntemationaI Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications (1999) Lee, I., Kannan, S., Kim, M., Sokolsky, O., Viswanathan, M.: Runtime assurance based on formal specifications. In: Proceedings of the IntemationaI Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications (1999)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Maler, O., Nickovic, D., Pnueli, A.: Checking temporal properties of discrete, timed and continuous behaviors. In: Avron, A., Dershowitz, N., Rabinovich, A. (eds.) Pillars of Computer Science. LNCS, vol. 4800, pp. 475–505. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)CrossRef Maler, O., Nickovic, D., Pnueli, A.: Checking temporal properties of discrete, timed and continuous behaviors. In: Avron, A., Dershowitz, N., Rabinovich, A. (eds.) Pillars of Computer Science. LNCS, vol. 4800, pp. 475–505. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Maler, O., Ničković, D.: Monitoring properties of analog and mixed-signal circuits. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transfer 15, 247–268 (2013)CrossRef Maler, O., Ničković, D.: Monitoring properties of analog and mixed-signal circuits. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transfer 15, 247–268 (2013)CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Mitra, S., Wongpiromsarn, T., Murray, R.M.: Verifying cyber-physical interactions in safety-critical systems. IEEE Secur. Priv. 11(4), 28–37 (2013)CrossRef Mitra, S., Wongpiromsarn, T., Murray, R.M.: Verifying cyber-physical interactions in safety-critical systems. IEEE Secur. Priv. 11(4), 28–37 (2013)CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Pinto, A., Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.L., Carloni, L.P., Passerone, R.: Interchange formats for hybrid systems: review and proposal. In: Morari, M., Thiele, L. (eds.) HSCC 2005. LNCS, vol. 3414, pp. 526–541. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)CrossRef Pinto, A., Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.L., Carloni, L.P., Passerone, R.: Interchange formats for hybrid systems: review and proposal. In: Morari, M., Thiele, L. (eds.) HSCC 2005. LNCS, vol. 3414, pp. 526–541. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Platzer, A., Clarke, E.M.: The image computation problem in hybrid systems model checking. In: Bemporad, A., Bicchi, A., Buttazzo, G. (eds.) HSCC 2007. LNCS, vol. 4416, pp. 473–486. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)CrossRef Platzer, A., Clarke, E.M.: The image computation problem in hybrid systems model checking. In: Bemporad, A., Bicchi, A., Buttazzo, G. (eds.) HSCC 2007. LNCS, vol. 4416, pp. 473–486. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Poovendran, R.: Cyberphysical systems: close encounters between two parallel worlds. Proc. IEEE 98(8), 1363–1366 (2010)CrossRef Poovendran, R.: Cyberphysical systems: close encounters between two parallel worlds. Proc. IEEE 98(8), 1363–1366 (2010)CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Rajkumar, R., Lee, I., Sha, L., Stankovic, J.: Cyber-physical systems: the next computing revolution. In: Design Automation Conference, pp. 731–736 (2010) Rajkumar, R., Lee, I., Sha, L., Stankovic, J.: Cyber-physical systems: the next computing revolution. In: Design Automation Conference, pp. 731–736 (2010)
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Sanwal, M.U., Hasan, O.: Formal verification of cyber-physical systems: coping with continuous elements. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computational Science and its Applications, pp. 358–371 (2013) Sanwal, M.U., Hasan, O.: Formal verification of cyber-physical systems: coping with continuous elements. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computational Science and its Applications, pp. 358–371 (2013)
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Sauter, G., Dierks, H., Fränzle, M., Hansen, M.R.: Lightweight hybrid model checking facilitating online prediction of temporal properties. In: Proceedings of the 21st Nordic Workshop on Programming Theory, NWPT09, pp. 20–22 (2009) Sauter, G., Dierks, H., Fränzle, M., Hansen, M.R.: Lightweight hybrid model checking facilitating online prediction of temporal properties. In: Proceedings of the 21st Nordic Workshop on Programming Theory, NWPT09, pp. 20–22 (2009)
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Smirnov, G.V.: Introduction to the Theory of Differential Inclusions. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2002)MATH Smirnov, G.V.: Introduction to the Theory of Differential Inclusions. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2002)MATH
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Tan, L., Kim, J., Sokolsky, O., Lee, I.: Model-based testing and monitoring for hybrid embedded systems. In: Model-Based Testing and Monitoring for Hybrid Embedded Systems, pp. 487–492 (2004) Tan, L., Kim, J., Sokolsky, O., Lee, I.: Model-based testing and monitoring for hybrid embedded systems. In: Model-Based Testing and Monitoring for Hybrid Embedded Systems, pp. 487–492 (2004)
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang, Z., Zaki, M.H., Tahar, S.: Statistical runtime verification of analog and mixed signal designs. In: Conference on Signals, Circuits and Systems (2009) Wang, Z., Zaki, M.H., Tahar, S.: Statistical runtime verification of analog and mixed signal designs. In: Conference on Signals, Circuits and Systems (2009)
Metadaten
Titel
STL Model Checking of Continuous and Hybrid Systems
verfasst von
Hendrik Roehm
Jens Oehlerking
Thomas Heinz
Matthias Althoff
Copyright-Jahr
2016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46520-3_26