4.1 Introduction
4.2 External Insurance
4.2.1 Ecological Foundations
4.2.2 Vulnerability and Exposure
4.3 Internal Insurance
4.3.1 The Role of Diverse Ecosystems
4.3.2 Spatial Dynamics
4.3.3 Public Support: Making Sense of NBS
4.4 Investing in Insurance: Governance Frameworks
4.4.1 Flexibility
4.4.2 Participation
4.5 Conclusions
Definition | Key factors | Governance | |
---|---|---|---|
1st level of insurance, external | Capacity to protect the larger system based on regulating ecosystem functions and location relative to vulnerable areas | Ecosystem configuration, spatial location, the nature of exposure | Spatial planning, value recognition, cross boundary considerations and linkages |
2nd level of insurance, internal | Robustness during an event and resilience over time, the survival of the NBS itself | Response diversity, multifunctionality, participation and involvement, broad recognition of value | Participative processes, recognition of multiple values, legal frameworks and recommendations that can facilitate flexible use over time |