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2009 | Buch

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Emotional Intelligence

A Cybernetic Approach

verfasst von: Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Buchreihe : Studies in Computational Intelligence

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

Emotional Intelligence is a new discipline of knowledge, dealing with modeling, recognition and control of human emotions. The book Emotional Intelligence: A Cybernetic Approach, to the best of the authors’ knowledge is a first compreh- sive text of its kind that provides a clear introduction to the subject in a precise and insightful writing style. It begins with a philosophical introduction to E- tional Intelligence, and gradually explores the mathematical models for emotional dynamics to study the artificial control of emotion using music and videos, and also to determine the interactions between emotion and logic from the points of view of reasoning. The later part of the book covers the chaotic behavior of - existing emotions under certain conditions of emotional dynamics. Finally, the book attempts to cluster emotions using electroencephalogram signals, and d- onstrates the scope of application of emotional intelligence in several engineering systems, such as human-machine interfaces, psychotherapy, user assistance s- tems, and many others. The book includes ten chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the s- ject from a philosophical and psychological standpoint. It outlines the fundamental causes of emotion arousal, and typical characteristics of the phenomenon of an emotive experience. The relation between emotion and rationality of thoughts is also introduced here. Principles of natural regulation of emotions are discussed in brief, and the biological basis of emotion arousal using an affective neu- scientific model is introduced next.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Introduction to Emotional Intelligence

Abstract

This chapter provides an introduction to emotional intelligence. It attempts to define emotion from different perspectives, and explores possible causes and varieties. Typical characteristics of emotion, such as great intensity, instability, partial perspectives and brevity are outlined next. The evolution of emotion arousal through four primitive phases such as cognition, evaluation, motivation and feeling is briefly introduced. The latter part of the chapter emphasizes the relationship between emotion and rational reasoning. The biological basis of emotion and the cognitive model of its self-regulation are discussed at the end of the chapter.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Dynamical Systems

Abstract

This chapter provides mathematical preliminaries on dynamical systems to enable the readers to visualize the dynamic behavior of physical systems, with an ultimate aim to construct models of emotional dynamics and analyze its stability. It begins with various representational models of dynamical systems, and presents general methods of stability analysis, including phase trajectories and the general method of Lyapunov. The later part of the chapter provides discussion on nonlinear fuzzy systems and its stability analysis. Examples from different domains of problems have been undertaken to develop expertise of the readers in modeling and analysis of emotional dynamics.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Preliminaries on Image Processing

Abstract

This chapter provides an introduction to digital image processing. With a brief review on file formatting of images, it addresses the well-known frequency domain transforms such as discrete Fourier and discrete cosine transforms, and applies these transforms in pre-processing/filtering a given image. The principles of image segmentation are then outlined. Various algorithms for labeling of segmented images are then presented for subsequent application in object recognition. Some algorithms on high-level vision, including object recognition and image interpretation are also introduced in this chapter.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Brain Imaging and Psycho-pathological Studies on Self-regulation of Emotion

Abstract

Emotion regulation shares knowledge from several disciplines including psychology, neuroscience, philosophy and cybernetics. Plato, Aristotle and the Stoich emphasized relative importance of reasoning to emotion. Although there exist many differences among the contemporary philosophers, many of them had the beliefs that negative emotions are one of the primary cause of suffering and dysfunction of the people. Naturally, since the days of Aristotle, the importance of negative emotions was given a primary consideration. In recent times, various neurological and psychological findings opened up a new era on emotion regulation and control. This chapter provides the cutting edge information with regard to neurological basis of emotion regulation. Healthy individuals usually are capable of consciously and voluntarily changing their neural activity describing their emotional state and process. This chapter will emphasize the capability of human-consciousness to volitionally influence the electrical activity of our brain and modulate the impact of emotion on the neuro-endocrine immune network.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Fuzzy Models for Facial Expression-Based Emotion Recognition and Control

Abstract

The chapter examines the scope of fuzzy relational approach to human emotion recognition from facial expressions, and its control. Commercial audio-visual movies pre-selected for exciting specific emotions have been presented before subjects to arouse their emotions. The video clips of their facial expressions describing the emotions are recorded and analyzed by segmenting and localizing the individual frames into regions of interest. Selected facial features such as eye-opening, mouth-opening and the length of eyebrow-constriction are next extracted from the localized regions. These features are then fuzzified, and mapped on to an emotion space by employing Mamdani type relational model. A scheme for the validation of the system parameters is also presented. The later part of the chapter provides a fuzzy scheme for controlling the transition of emotion dynamics toward a desired state using suitable audio-visual movies. Experimental results and computer simulations indicate that the proposed scheme for emotion recognition and control is simple and robust with a good level of experimental accuracy.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Control of Mental Stability in Emotion-Logic Interactive Dynamics

Abstract

Stability of physical system is usually analyzed from the static and dynamic considerations of the system. Classical logic of propositions can be compared with a static physical system from the point of view of its stability. When a notion of time is attached to the classical logic, its dynamic behavior becomes comparable to the behavior of a dynamic physical system. The chapter addresses the issues of stability analysis of both (non-temporal) static and temporal logic systems. It extends propositional temporal logic by fuzzy sets and provides a general method to determine the condition for stability of a dynamic fuzzy reasoning system. The latter part of the chapter provides a framework to represent emotional dynamics by differential equations and determines the condition for stability of the dynamics. Next a control scheme to stabilize the emotional dynamics by adapting its parameters is discussed. Finally, the chapter proposes a new scheme to control the state of mind/actions, by reducing the difference between emotional states and temporal states of fuzzy reasoning system.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Multiple Emotions and Their Chaotic Dynamics

Abstract

The chapter addresses the issues of co-operation/competition of multiple emotional states in the human brain, and realizes the same using a recurrent neural dynamics. It also deals with stability analysis of dynamic emotional systems using Lyapunov energy function. Computer simulation of the proposed model reveals that the dynamic behavior of an emotional system exhibits limit cycles, chaos or steady-state, depending on the selection of appropriate parameters in the dynamics. Phase-portraits have been used, whenever necessary, for analysis of the dynamical behavior of mixed emotional systems. The chapter ends with a study on parameter selection of emotional dynamics from the facial expressions of subjects, stimulated with audio-visual movies. Finally a scheme for stabilization of emotional dynamics is proposed with a proportional plus integral controller.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Electroencephalographic Signal Processing for Detection and Prediction of Emotion

Abstract

This chapter deals with processing of electroencephalographic signals for detection and prediction of emotion. Prediction of electroencephalographic signal form past samples are needed for early diagnosis of patients, suffering from frequent epileptic seizure and/or psychotherapeutic treatment. The chapter begins with comparing the performance of various digital filter algorithms to identify the right candidate for application in electroencephalographic signal prediction. It then considers clustering/classification of emotion from filter co-efficient, wavelet co-efficient and Fast Fourier Transform co-efficient. It also considers the scope of bio-potential signals, such as skin conductance and pulse count along with electroencephalographic signal on emotion detection of personals. Several algorithms of pattern classification have been examined to determine the best algorithm for the emotion classification problem.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Applications and Future Directions of Emotional Intelligence

Abstract

This chapter provides various applications of emotional intelligence, and possible extension of the research methodologies presented in previous chapters. It begins with human-machine interactive systems, emphasizing the design aspects of interactive agents. The co-operation of hardwired agents such as mobile robots, capable of exchanging of emotion is also undertaken in this chapter. Psycho-theraputic use of emotional intelligence models is considered next. The methodology of detecting anti-social motives from emotional expressions is briefly introduced. Application of emotional intelligence in video photography/movie-making is also considered. Matrimonial counseling through personality matching is appended at the end of the chapter.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Open Research Problems

Abstract

This chapter outlines some open research problems in Emotional Intelligence. It begins with reasoning with and without emotions, and justifies that reasoning with emotions may introduce contradictions, and thus requires a formalism of non-monotonic reasoning to handle the problem. The chapter also addresses multi-modal emotion recognition from voice, facial expression and electroencephalographic data. One problem on emotion control by Takagi-Sugeno approach, and the other on prediction of manifestation of facial expression of a person from EEG data are briefly outlined in the chapter.

Aruna Chakraborty, Amit Konar

Backmatter

Titel: Emotional Intelligence
verfasst von: Aruna Chakraborty
Amit Konar
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-540-68609-5
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-68606-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68609-5

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