2007 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Feature Construction for Reinforcement Learning in Hearts
verfasst von : Nathan R. Sturtevant, Adam M. White
Erschienen in: Computers and Games
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Temporal difference (TD) learning has been used to learn strong evaluation functions in a variety of two-player games. TD-gammon illustrated how the combination of game tree search and learning methods can achieve grand-master level play in backgammon. In this work, we develop a player for the game of hearts, a 4-player game, based on stochastic linear regression and TD learning. Using a small set of basic game features we exhaustively combined features into a more expressive representation of the game state. We report initial results on learning with various combinations of features and training under self-play and against search-based players. Our simple learner was able to beat one of the best search-based hearts programs.