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2015 | Buch

Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Stochastic Evolutions of Dynamic Traffic Flow

Modeling and Applications

verfasst von: Xiqun (Michael) Chen, Li Li, Qixin Shi

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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SUCHEN

Über dieses Buch

This book reveals the underlying mechanisms of complexity and stochastic evolutions of traffic flows. Using Eulerian and Lagrangian measurements, the authors propose lognormal headway/spacing/velocity distributions and subsequently develop a Markov car-following model to describe drivers’ random choices concerning headways/spacings, putting forward a stochastic fundamental diagram model for wide scattering flow-density points. In the context of highway onramp bottlenecks, the authors present a traffic flow breakdown probability model and spatial-temporal queuing model to improve the stability and reliability of road traffic flows. This book is intended for researchers and graduate students in the fields of transportation engineering and civil engineering.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
Traffic congestion results in a number of negative effects on (1) Mobility. Travel delays and wasting time of passengers or goods reduce the efficiency of transportation systems and increase the opportunity costs.
Xiqun (Michael) Chen, Li Li, Qixin Shi
Chapter 2. Literature Review
Abstract
This chapter briefly reviews the development of traffic flow theory from the perspectives of macroscopic, mesoscopic, microscopic, and stochastic approaches. Some representative models and methods are summarized. Particularly, characteristics of the stochastic traffic flow modeling will be emphasized and analyzed in detail. Since headway/spacing are the fundamental parameters highly correlated with traffic flow rate, density, and speed, then probabilistic modeling of headway/spacing distributions will be categorized, such as univariate distribution, compositional distribution, mixed distribution, and random matrix theory based approach. The joint distribution of headway/spacing/velocity can be regarded as a basis for stochastic modeling of traffic state evolutions. The historical development of traffic flow theory forms a solid theoretical background for the whole book.
Xiqun (Michael) Chen, Li Li, Qixin Shi
Chapter 3. Empirical Observations of Stochastic and Dynamic Evolutions of Traffic Flow
Abstract
Road traffic flow is characterized by the complex, dynamic, and stochastic phenomena. In history, traffic theorists and transportation engineers applied numerous approaches to the qualitative or quantitative analyses of traffic flow.
Xiqun (Michael) Chen, Li Li, Qixin Shi
Chapter 4. A Markov Model Based on Headway/Spacing Distributions
Abstract
The stationary headway/spacing distribution models in Chap. 2 have been often criticized for neglecting the dynamic role of traffic Bovy (2001). A modern view accepted by many researchers is: the explicit distribution observed in practice should be a reflection of the implicit interaction between vehicles. The fact that some stationary distribution models are only suitable for free flow is because the interactions between consecutive vehicles are relatively weak and neglectable in free flow.
Xiqun (Michael) Chen, Li Li, Qixin Shi
Chapter 5. Stochastic Fundamental Diagram Based on Headway/Spacing Distributions
Abstract
Traffic flows on highways are often described in terms of three variables: mean velocity\(v\), traffic flow rate\(q\), and traffic density\(\rho \).
Xiqun (Michael) Chen, Li Li, Qixin Shi
Chapter 6. Traffic Flow Breakdown Model Based on Headway/Spacing Distributions
Abstract
In the traditional sense of the transportation engineering, capacity is a deterministic and inherent property of a road. It has been widely used as one of the basic concepts of transportation studies and plays a significant role in field applications.
Xiqun (Michael) Chen, Li Li, Qixin Shi
Chapter 7. Conclusions and Future Work
Abstract
The main efforts and contributions of this book are briefly outlined as follows.
Xiqun (Michael) Chen, Li Li, Qixin Shi
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Stochastic Evolutions of Dynamic Traffic Flow
verfasst von
Xiqun (Michael) Chen
Li Li
Qixin Shi
Copyright-Jahr
2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN
978-3-662-44572-3
Print ISBN
978-3-662-44571-6
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44572-3

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