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1995 | Buch

Physico-chemical fundamentals of metal matrix composites Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Metal Matrix Composites

herausgegeben von: J. N. Fridlyander

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Buchreihe : Soviet Advanced Composites Technology Series

Enthalten in: Professional Book Archive

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Über dieses Buch

The problem of developing metal matrix (MCM) and metal-polymer (MPCM) composite materials is one of the most important in present­ day materials technology, for its solution is pivotal to the development of a number of leading technologies. The development of new fibrous and lamellar composite materials with improved physico-chemical, electrical, thermal and other properties is a springboard for qualitative scientific and technological advances not only in aerospace and shipbuilding technologies, but also in mechanical, power, electronic, electrical, radio engineering, transport, construction and other industries. The volume reviews the results of research programmes ac­ complished in recent years by Soviet scientists in the development of composite materials based on aluminium and magnesium matrices, polymatrix composites (composite materials) with metal and polymeric matrices reinforced with boron and carbon fibres, steel wire, fibre glass and other fillers. The volume also reviews present-day physico-chemical fundamen­ tals and basic principles for developing and optimizing metal matrix composites, and describes the most expedient and efficient methods of MCM and MPCM manufacturing. Special attention is devoted to the issue of manufacturing MCM structural members, and their machin­ ing and plastic working, as well as to coupling techniques.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
1. Physico-chemical fundamentals of metal matrix composites
Abstract
Review of numerous publications [1–8] dealing with metal matrix composite materials (MCM) proves that they contain only data concerning the structure and properties of some systems, failing to present summarized data and ignoring common feature.
A. A. Zabolotsky
2. Basic components used in the production of metal composites
Abstract
The basic requirements on fibrous reinforcing agents are high strength and high modulus of elasticity in combination with low density, which determines their high specific values of strength and rigidity. In addition, the melting temperature of the fibre should be higher than that of the matrix alloy, and the fibres should be compatible with the matrix from the points of view of technology and lifetime. This means that both during the production of the composite and in its long-term operation, the fibres should not lose strength or rigidity as a result of interaction with the matrix. Usually, physical and chemical interaction result in formation of new phases at the interface, dissolving of the fibres in the matrix or structural changes of the fibres, causing loss of strength. Finally the fibres should be technologically effective; for example, they should be compatible with the process of production of prepregs from composites in the form of bundles, tapes, mats etc.
S. E. Saliebekov
3. Metal matrix composite fabrication methods
Abstract
Modern metallurgy uses various methods for fabricating alloys, semifinished products and articles made from them, including various types of casting, processes of powder metallurgy, plastic working, spraying, deposition and many others. The choice of a particular fabrication method is mainly determined by the following factors:
1.
type of source materials of matrix and reinforcing agent;
 
2.
the possibility of introducing the reinforcing agent into the matrix without damaging it;
 
3.
forming a secure bond at the reinforcing agent—matrix interface;
 
4.
maximum realization in the material of the properties of its components;
 
5.
attaining the desired reinforcing agent distribution pattern inside the matrix;
 
6.
combining material fabrication processes with part manufacture;
 
7.
economic efficiency of the process.
 
V. M. Tchubarov, A. A. Zabolotsky, G. A. Krivov
4. Composites of the aluminium—boron system
Abstract
Among composites with a metal matrix, boron—aluminium is the most thoroughly studied and suitable for practical use. Research dealing with the creation of boron—aluminium began at the end of the 1960s. Since that time, a great deal of work has been carried out, including laboratory studies of the interaction of boron fibres with various matrix alloys, the development of protective coatings for fibres, studies of the effect of technological factors on properties, failure mechanisms under static and cyclic loads, the effect of climatic factors, studies of physical and mechanical properties, as well as design operations involving creation of parts and elements of constructions made from this material.
S. E. Salibekov
5. Composites of the magnesium—boron system
Abstract
Magnesium and its alloys possess a number of advantages when used as composite material matrices. These include the low density of magnesium and its lack of chemical interaction with the majority of reinforcing fibres over wide temperature and time ranges. Thanks to these properties, magnesium-based composite materials possess quite high specific mechanical characteristics, for example, the specific strength of the Mg-B composition is better than that of other modern construction materials designed for operation at temperatures of up to 500°C.
V. F. Stroganova
6. Composite materials of the aluminium — carbon system
Abstract
The problem of compatibility of components is a fundamental consideration the development of new composite materials (CM), their production and the estimation of their serviceability. This especially concerns materials with metal matrices reinforced with high-modulus and high-strength ceramic fibers, since their components have various physicochemical and physicomechanical characteristics. In connection with this, it is very important to understand the nature of the fiber—matrix bond, as well as the features of the physicochemical interaction processes of the components during manufacturing and servicing.
V. I. Kostikov, V. C. Kilin
7. Composites of the aluminium—steel system
Abstract
Continuous steel fibres, intended for reinforcing aluminium and its alloys, must be of high strength, since they bear the main load in a composite plastic, to give the composite ductility, not liable to twisting into curls at minimum diameter, and nonsoftening under heating during material production. They should also have low susceptibility to interaction if in contact with the matrix and possess a surface free of oxides and technological lubricants (to allow good adhesion with the matrix).
I. N. Fridlyander, A. S. Bubenschikov
8. Composites of the aluminium—silicon carbide system
Abstract
The development of composite materials on the basis of aluminium alloys reinforced by whiskers commenced more than 20 years ago both in the Soviet Union and elsewhere [1,2]. Studies have mainly been performed with the use of whiskers of the refractory compounds Al203, SiC and Si3N, which retain their stability in matrix material at high temperatures and possess unique high strength properties (up to 20–30 GPa). The aim of these studies was the realization of the unique high strength properties of whiskers and the creation of a new class of composite materials on the basis of aluminium alloys with a density close to that of the latter but with strength characteristics of steels (and higher). Therefore particular attention was paid to the development of methods for unidirectional orientation of whiskers, and their separation by lengths, diameters etc. Whiskers were grown as a rule on sublayers in hydrogen batch furnaces. The result was an extremely low output and a high cost (up to $15 000–20 000 per kilogram).
A. N. Gribkov
9. Laminated fibrous metal — polymer composites
Abstract
The development of technology constantly demands that material science creates construction materials having simultaneously high strength and high toughness. There is no direct relation between the mechanical strength of a material on the one hand and its characteristics of durability and surviveability on the other. As a result, the attainment of the highest property values, as a rule, seems possible only under mutually exclusive conditions.
G. P. Mashinskaya, G. F. Zhelezina, O. G. Senatorova
10. Mechanical testing of composite materials
Abstract
Composite materials differ considerably in structure from traditional construction materials. They consist of two or more macroscopic phases: a plastic matrix and high-strength fibres arranged in layers in a definite manner.
S. I. Kishkina
11. Theoretical and experimental research into the strength and deformation of fibrous metal composite materials
Abstract
This chapter presents a summary of existing and new methods for the calculation of the mechanical properties of metal and MCPC composite materials, together with their relationships to one another and to strength, volume filling and other factors. Experimental researches shows the influence of these factors on resulting material strength.
S. P. Polovnikov, A. P. Marukhin
12. Structural micromechanics of elasto-plastic deformation of composites
Abstract
Composite behaviour in the elasto-plastic deformation stage is analysed within the framework of structural micromechanics. Defects appearing at interfaces between hard particles and the plastic mould are considered and their inner tension effects on the composite mechanical properties are investigated.
V. V. Rybin, A. A. Zisman
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Metal Matrix Composites
herausgegeben von
J. N. Fridlyander
Copyright-Jahr
1995
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Electronic ISBN
978-94-011-1266-6
Print ISBN
978-94-010-4552-0
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1266-6