nach oben

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering

Erschienen in:

01.12.2008 | Original Paper

Geoenvironmental Testing

verfasst von: Pierre Delage, Enrique Romero

Erschienen in: Geotechnical and Geological Engineering | Ausgabe 6/2008

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Geoenvironmental concerns involve unsaturated soils in problems like soil contamination, waste disposal and ground-atmosphere interactions. This paper deals with the two first points. To tackle geoenvironmental problems in unsaturated soils, it is necessary to identify experimentally the retention and transfer phenomena that govern the movements of fluids and chemical species in the unsaturated soil. Some of the experimental techniques used in unsaturated soils can be adapted to face these problems, but extensions accounting for the various physico-chemical processes involved in soil contamination and waste disposal are necessary, including temperature effects and the mechanical couplings resulting from the changes in temperature and chemical concentrations. After an introduction to the geoenvironmental problems that are related to unsaturated soils, the paper presents a series of experimental developments carried out in relation to retention and transfer properties of water (pure or with dissolved species), hydrocarbons and gas, also accounting for temperature effects and chemical effects. The techniques presented are applicable to soil contamination and waste disposal, with a special concern addressed to nuclear waste disposal, in which the effects of desaturation of the geological barrier together with the unsaturated nature of compacted engineered barriers appeared to be quite important.

Vorheriger Artikel Microstructure Investigation in Unsaturated Soils: A Review with Special Attention to Contribution of Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy

Nächster Artikel Field Measurement of Suction, Water Content, and Water Permeability

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Alimi-Ichola I, Gaidi L (2005) Etude de la migration du soluté d’un lixiviat dans un sol non saturé par la méthode TDR. Rev Fr Géotechnique 111:45–58

Alonso EE, Olivella S, Delahaye C (2002) Gas migration in clays. In: Vulliet L, Laloui L, Schrefler B (eds) Proceedings of the environmental engineering. Presses Polytechniques et Universitaires Romandes, EPFL, Lausanne, pp 83–94

Aubertin M, Mbonimpa M (2001) Diffusion of oxygen through a pulp and paper residue barrier: discussion. Can Geotech J 38:658–660CrossRef

Benson CH, Gribb MM (1997) Measuring hydraulic conductivity in the laboratory and in the field. Unsaturated soil in engineering practice, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication N°68, pp 113–168

Bezuijen A, Oung O, Westrate F (2000) Centrifuge research on the entry pressure and flow of a DNAPL in water-saturated sand. In: Garnier J, Thorel L, Haza E (eds) Proceedings of international symposium on physical modelling and testing in environmental geotechnics. LCPC Paris, pp 335–342

Blatz J, Graham J (2000) A system for controlled suction in triaxial tests. Géotechnique 50(4):465–469CrossRef

Borsic A, Comina C, Foti S, Lancellotta R, Musso G (2005) Imaging heterogeneities with electrical impedance tomography: laboratory results. Géotechnique 55(7):539–547CrossRef

Bouazza A, Vangpaisal T, Jefferis S (2006) Effect of wet–dry cycles and cation exchange on gas permeability of geosynthetic clay liners. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 132(8):1011–1018CrossRef

Bourg ACM (1988) Metals in aquatic and terrestrial systems: sorption, speciation and mobilization. In: Chemistry and biology of solid waste, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 3–30

Bresler E (1973) Simultaneous transport of solutes and water under transient unsaturated flow conditions. Water Resour Res 9:975–986CrossRef

Burghignoli A, Desideri A, Miliziano S (2000) A laboratory study on the thermomechanical behaviour of clayey soils. Can Geotech J 37:764–780CrossRef

Caicedo B, Giraldo E, Behrentz E (2002) Modeling leachate and gas flor in sanitary landfills. In: Jucá JFT, de Campos TMP, Marinho FAM (eds) Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on unsaturated soils, March 10–13, 2002, vol 1. A.A. Balkema Publishers, Lisse, Recife, Brazil, pp 107–112

Castellanos E, Gens A, Lloret A, Romero E (2006) Influence of water chemistry en the swelling capacity of a high density bentonite. Proceedings of the 4rd international conference on unsaturated soils (1), pp 962–972

Cekerevac C, Laloui L (2004) Experimental study of thermal effects on the mechanical behaviour of a clay. Int J Numer Anal Meth Geomech 28:209–228CrossRef

Cekerevac C, Laloui L, Vulliet L (2005) A novel triaxial apparatus for thermo-mechanical testing of soils. Geotech Test J 28(2):1–10CrossRef

Chiu CF, Cui YJ, Delage P, De Laure E, Haza E (2005) Lessons learnt from suction monitoring during centrifuge modelling. Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soils mechanics EXPERUS, Trento, Balkema, pp 3–8

Cleall PJ, Melhuish TA, Thomas HR (2006) Modelling the three-dimensional behaviour of a prototype nuclear waste repository. Eng Geol 85:212–220CrossRef

Cui YJ, Zornberg JG (Ibid.) Water balance and evapotranspiration monitoring in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. Geotech Geol Eng. doi:10.1007/s10706-008-9198-z

Cui YJ, Delage P, Alzoghbi P (2003) Retention and transport of a hydrocarbon in a silt. Géotechnique 53(1), 83–91CrossRef

Delage P, Suraj De Silva GPR, De Laure E (1987) Un nouvel appareil triaxial pour les sols non saturés. Proceedings of the IX^e European conference on soil mechanical and foundation engineering, Dublin, pp 25–28

Delage P, Howat M, Cui YJ (1998a) The relationship between suction and swelling properties in a heavily compacted unsaturated clay. Eng Geol 50(1–2): 31–48CrossRef

Delage P, Cui YJ, De Laure E (1998b) Air flow through an unsaturated compacted silt. Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on unsaturated soils UNSAT’98, vol. 1, Beijing, 563–568

Delage P, Sultan N, Cui YJ (2000) On the thermal consolidation of Boom clay. Can Geotech J 37:343–354CrossRef

Delage P, Cui YJ (2008) An evaluation of the osmotic technique of controlling suction. Geomech Geoengin Int J 3(1):1–11CrossRef

Delolme C, Hébrard-Labit C, Spadini L, Gaudet JP (2004) Experimental study and modelling of the transfer of zinc in a low reactive sand column in the presence of acetate. J Contam Hydrol 70:205–224CrossRef

De Smet F, Wauters F, Sevilla J (1986) Study of tracer movement through unsaturated sand. J Hydrol 85:169–181CrossRef

Di Maio C (1996) Exposure of bentonite to salt solution: osmotic and mechanical effects. Géotechnique 46(4):695–707

Di Molfietta A, Aglietto I (1999) Valutazione dei siti inquinanti mediante analisi dir rischio. Proceedings of the XVII Conference of Geotechnics of Torino

Duarte APL, de Campos TMP, Rocha Filho P, Araruna JT Jr (2005) Temperature effects on the water content-suction relation of two soils. In: Tarantino, Romero, Cui (eds) Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soil mechanics, June 27–29, 2005, Trento, Italy. Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp 453–458

Duarte APL, de Campos TMP, Araruna JT Jr, Rocha Filho P (2006) Thermal properties for unsaturated soils. In: Miller GA, Zapata CE, Houston SL, Fredlund DC (eds) Proceedings of the 4th international conference on unsaturated soils. April 2–6, 2006, Carefree, Arizona. Geotechnical Special Publication No. 147, vol. 2. ASCE, Virginia, pp 1707–1718

Eckberg DK, Sunada DK (1984) Non steady three-phase immiscible fluid distribution in porous media. Water Resour Res 33:569–576

Esposito G, Allersma HGB, Selvadurai APS (1999) Centrifuge modeling of LNAPL transport in partially saturated sand. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 125(12):1066–1071CrossRef

Esteban Moratilla F (1990) Caracterizacion experimental de la expansividad de una roca evaporitica. Identificacion de los mecanismos de hinchamiento. PhD thesis, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, 352 pp

Evans LJ (1989) Chemistry of metal retention by soils. Environ Soil Technol 23:1046–1056CrossRef

Fernandez F, Quigley RM (1991) Controlling the destructive effects of clay-organic liquid interactions by application of effective stresses. Can Geotech J 28(3):388–398CrossRef

Fernández-García D, Gómez-Hernández JJ, Mayor JC (2005) Modeling a ventilation experiment: Combined effect of desaturation and EDZ. Geophysical Research Abstracts, vol. 7, 02057, European Geosciences Union

Gallé C (2000) Gas breakthrough pressure in compacted Fo-Ca clay and interfacial gas overpressure in waste disposal context. Appl Clay Sci 17:85–97CrossRef

Gardner R (1956) Calculation of capillary conductivity from pressure plate outflow data. Proc Soil Sci Soc Am 20:317–320

Gaudet JP, Jegat H, Vachaud G, Wierenga PJ (1977) Solute transfer with exchange between mobile and stagnant water through unsaturated sand. Soil Sci Soc Am J 41:665–670

Gens A, García-Molina AJ, Olivella S, Alonso EE, Huertas F (1998) Analysis of a full scale in situ test simulating repository conditions. Int J Numer Anal Meth Geomech 22:515–548CrossRef

Graham J, Tanaka N, Crilly T, Alfaro M (2001) Modified cam-clay modelling of temperature effects in clays. Can Geotech J 38:608–621CrossRef

Graham J, Halyko KG, Hume H, Kirkham T, Gray M, Oscarson D (2002) A capillarity-advective model for gas break-trough in clays. Eng Geol 64: 273–286CrossRef

Hoffmann C, Romero E, Alonso EE (2005) Combining different controlled-suction techniques to study expansive clays. Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soils mechanics EXPERUS, Trento, Balkema, pp 61–67

Horseman ST, Harrington JF, Sellin P (1999) Gas migration in clay barriers. Eng Geol 54:139–149CrossRef

Hueckel, T, Peano, A (eds) (1996) Special issue on thermomechanics of clays and clay barriers. 3rd International workshop of clay barriers, Ismes, Bergamo, Italy, October 2003. Engineering Geology 41

Hume HB (1999) Gas break-through in compacted Avonlea bentonites. MSc Thesis, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, 169 pp

Illangasekare TH, Znidarcic D, Al Sheridda M, Reible DD (1991) Multiphase flow in porous media. In: Ko HY, McLean FG (eds) Centrifuge ’91. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 517–523

Inoue K, Tanaka T, Inoue K, Kobayashi A (2005) Image analysis to determine the dispersion coefficient and dispersivity in capillary and saturated zone. Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soils mechanics EXPERUS, Trento, Balkema, pp 467–473

Kamiya K, Bakrie RT, Honjo Y (2005) Evaluation of air permeability of unsaturated sandy soils. In: Tarantino A, Romero E, Cui YJ (eds) Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soil mechanics. June 27–29, 2005, Trento, Italy. Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp 369–375

Kamiya K, Bakrie RT, Honjo Y (2006) A new method for the measurement of air permeability coefficient of unsaturated soil. In: Miller, Zapata, Houston, Fredlund (eds) Proceedings of the 4th international conference on unsaturated soils, Carefree, Arizona, vol. 2, Geotechnical Special Publication No. 147, ASCE, Virginia, pp 1741–1752

Kechavarzi C, Soga K, Wiart P (2000) Multispectral image analysis method to determine dynamic fluid saturation distribution in two-dimensional three-fluid phase flow laboratory experiments. J Contam Hydrol 46:265–293CrossRef

Kechavarzi C, Soga K (2002) Determination of water saturation using miniature resistivity probes during intermediate scale and centrifuge multiphase flow laboratory experiments. J Geotech Test 25(1):95–103

Kechavarzi C, Soga K, Illangasekare TH (2005) Two-dimensional laboratory simulation of LNAPL infiltration and redistribution in the vadose zone. J Contam Hydrol 76:211–233CrossRef

Knight MA, Mitchell RJ (1996) Modelling of light nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) releases into unsaturated sand. Can Geotech J 33:913–925CrossRef

Kueper BH, Abbott W, Farquhar G (1989) Experimental observations of multiphase flow in heterogeneous porous media. J Contam Hydrol 5:83–95CrossRef

Kunze RJ, Kirkham D (1962) Simplified accounting for membrane penetration in capillary conductivity determination. Proc Soil Sci Soc Am.26:421–426

Lagaly G (1984) Clay-organic interactions. Phil Trans Royal Soc Lond A 311:315–332CrossRef

Lassabatère T, Dridi W, Servant G (2004) Gas transfer and mechanical incidence on storage barriers. Appl Clay Sci 26: 511–520CrossRef

Lenhard RJ, Parker JC (1988) Experimental validation of the theory of extending two phase saturation-pressure relations to three fluid phase system for monotonic drainage paths. Water Resour 24(3):373–380CrossRef

Lenhard RJ, Johnson TG, Parker JC (1993) Experimental observation of non aqueous phase liquid subsurface movement. J Contam Hydrol 12:79–101CrossRef

Leverett MC (1941) Capillary behaviour in porous solids. Trans Am Inst Metall Eng (142):152–169

Lo IMC, Hu LM, Meegoda JN (2004) Centrifuge modeling of light nonaqueous phase liquids transport in unsaturated soils. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 130(5):535–539CrossRef

Loiseau C, Cui YJ, Delage P (2002) The gradient effect on the water flow through a compacted swelling soil. Proceedings of the 3nd international conference on unsaturated soils, UNSAT’2002 (1), Recife, Brazil, Balkema, pp 395–400

Lord AE (1999) Capillary flow in the geotechnical centrifuge. Geotech Test J 22(4):292–300

Maciejewski S (1993) Numerical and experimental study of solute transport in unsaturated soils. J Contam Hydrol 14:193–2065CrossRef

Manassero M, Musso G, Rabozzi C, Ribotta L (2005) Retention curves for a polluted soil. Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soil mechanics, Trento, Balkema, pp 459–465

Marcial D (2003) Comportement hydromécanique et microstructural des matériaux de barrière ouvragée. PhD Thesis, École nationale des ponts et chaussées, Paris, France. In French

Marcial D, Delage P, Cui YJ (2002) On the high stress compression of bentonites. Can Geotech J 39(4):812–820CrossRef

Marshall P, Horseman S, Gimmi T (2005) Characterisation of gas transport properties of the Opalinus Clay, a potential host rock formation for radioactive waste disposal. Oil Gas Sci Technol–Rev IFP 60(1):121–139CrossRef

Masrouri F, Bicalho KV, Kawai K (2008) Hydraulic testing in unsaturated soils. Geotech Geol Eng. doi:10.1007/s10706-008-9202-7

Mata C, Romero E, Ledesma A (2002) Hydro-chemical effects on water retention in bentonite-sand mixture. In: Recife, Brazil. Jucá, de Campos, Marinho (eds) Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on unsaturated soils, vol 1. A.A. Balkema Publishers, Lisse, pp 107–112

Mayor JC, García-Sineriz JL, Velasco M (2006) Desaturation effects in Opalinus clay. Geophysical research abstracts, vol. 8, 02294, European Geosciences Union

Mbonimpa M, Aubertin M, Aachib M, Bussière B (2003) Diffusion and consumption of oxygen in unsaturated cover materials. Can Geotech J 40(5):916–932CrossRef

Moldrup P, Olesen T, Schjønning P,Yamaguchi T, Rolston DE (2000) Predicting the gas diffusion coefficient in undisturbed soil from soil water characteristics. Soil Sci Soc Am J 64:94–100

Musso G, Romero-Morales E, Gens A, Castellanos E (2003) The role of structure in the chemically induced deformation of FEBEX bentonite. Appl Clay Sci (23):229–237

NECER (2000) In: Garnier J, Thorel L, Haza E (eds) Proceedings of the international symposium on physical modelling and testing in environmental geotechnics. La Baule, LCPC Paris

Nützmann G, Maciejewski S, Joswig K (2002) Estimation of water saturation dependence of dispersion in unsaturated porous media: experiments and modelling analysis. Adv Water Resour 25:565–576CrossRef

Oostrom M, Hofstee C, Lenhard RJ, Wietsma TW (2003) Flow behaviour and residual saturation formation of liquid carbon tetrachloride in unsaturated heterogeneous porous media. J Contam Hydrol 64:93–112CrossRef

Ortiz L, Volckaert G, Mallants D (2002) Gas generation and migration in Boom clay, a potential host rock formation for nuclear waste storage. Eng Geol 64:287–296CrossRef

Oteo Mazo C, Saez Aunon J, Esteban F (1996) Laboratory tests and equipment with suction control. In: Alonso EE, Delage P (eds), Proceedings of the 1st international conference on unsaturated soils UNSAT’95 3, Paris, Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 1509–1515

Pantazidou M, Sitar N (1993) Emplacement of nonaqueous liquids in the vadose zone. Water Resour Res 29:705–722CrossRef

Pantazidou M, Abu-Hassanein ZS, Riemer M (2000) Centrifuge study of DNAPL transport in granular media. J Geotech Geoenv Eng 126(2):105–115CrossRef

Pintado X (2002) Caracterización del comportamiento termo-hidro-mecánico de arcillas expansivas. PhD Thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. In Spanish

Plumb RH, Pitchford AM (1985) Volatil organic scans: implications for groundwater monitoring. Proceeedings of the natural water well association/American petroleum institution conference on petroleum hydrocarbons and organic chemicals in groundwater, Houston, Texas, pp 1–15

Rabozzi C, Ribotta L, Gremigni G (2006) Retention curves and hydraulic properties of a soil contaminated by NAPL. Proceedings of the 5th international conference on environmental geotechnics, vol 2, pp 1232–1239

Recordon E (1993) Déformabilité des sols non saturés à diverses températures. Revue Française de Géotechnique 69:37–56

Reible DD, Illangasekare TH, Doshi DV, Malheit ME (1990) Infiltration of immiscible contaminant in the unsaturated zone. Groundwater 28:685–692

Romero E, Li XL (2005) Thermo-hydro-mechanical tests using vapour and liquid transfer on a clay-based mixture. In: Tarantino A, Romero E, Cui YJ (eds) Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soil mechanics. June 27–29, 2005, Trento, Italy. Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp 483–488

Romero E, Gens A, Lloret A (2001a) Temperature effects on the hydraulic behaviour of an unsaturated clay. Geotech Geol Eng 19: 311–332CrossRef

Romero E, Gens A, Lloret A (2001b) Laboratory testing of unsaturated soils under simultaneous suction and temperature control. Proceedings of the 15th international conference on soil mechanical and geotechnical and engineering, Istambul. A.A. Balkema/Swets & Zeitlinger B.V., Lisse, vol. 1, pp 19–622

Romero E, Gens A, Lloret A (2003) Suction effects on a compacted clay under non-isothermal conditions. Géotechnique 53(1): 65–81CrossRef

Romero E, García I, Knobelsdorf J (2005) Gas permeability evolution of a sand/bentonite during controlled-suction paths. In: Tarantino, Romero, Cui (eds) Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soil mechanics. June 27–29, 2005, Trento, Italy. Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp 385–390

Rowe RK (2005) Long-term performance of contaminant barrier systems. Géotechnique 55(9):631–678CrossRef

Rowe RK (2006) Some factors affecting geosynthetics used for geoenvironmental applications. Proceedings of the 5th international conference on environmental geotechnics, pp 43–69

Rowe RK, Badv K (1996) Advective diffusive contaminant migration in unsaturated sand and gravel. ASCE J Geotech Eng 122(12):965–975CrossRef

Saix C (1991) Consolidation thermique par chaleur d’un sol non saturé. Can Geotech J 28:42–50CrossRef

Saix C, Jouanna P (1990) Appareil triaxial pour l’étude du comportement thermique d’un sol non saturé. Can Geotech J 27:119–128CrossRef

Schwille F (1988) Dense chlorinated solvents in porous and fractured media model experiments. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, 146 pp

Sharma RS, Mohamed MHA (2003) Patterns and mechanisms of migration of light non-aqueous phase liquid in an unsaturated sand. Géotechnique 53(2):225–239CrossRef

Schleyer R, Arneth JD, Kerndorff H, Milde G (1988) Main contaminants and priority pollutants from waste sites: criteria for selection with the aim of assessment on the groundwater path. Contaminated soil ‘88 2, Kluwer, pp 247–251

Soga K, Kechavarzi C, Coumoulos H., Shu S., Kawabata J., Esposito G, Allersma HGB (2000) Centrifuge modelling of water drainage and LNAPL infiltration in unsaturated soil deposits. In: Garnier J, Thorel L, Haza E (eds) Proceedings of the international symposium on physical modelling and testing in environmental geotechnics, LCPC Paris, pp 293–300

Steffy DA, Barry DA, Johnston CD (1997) Influence of antecedent moisture content on residual NAPL saturation. J Soil Contam 6(2):113–147

Sultan N, Delage P, Cui YJ (2002) Temperature effects on the volume change behaviour of Boom clay. Eng Geol 64:135–145CrossRef

Taïbi S, Ghembaza MS, Fleureau (2005) On the suction control techniques in studying the THM behaviour of unsaturated soils. In: Tarantino A, Romero E, Cui YJ (eds) Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soil mechanics, Trento, Italy. Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp 69–75

Tanai K, Kanno T, Gallé C (1997) Experimental study of gas permeabilities and breackthrough pressures in clays. Proceedings of the fall meeting of the material research society, Boston, USA, vol. 465, pp 995–1002

Tang AM, Cui YJ (2005) Controlling suction by the vapour equilibrium technique at different temperatures and its application in determining the water retention properties of MX80 clay. Can Geotech J 42:287–296CrossRef

Tang AM, Cui YJ (2006) Determining the thermal conductivity of compacted MX80 clay. In: Miller, Zapata, Houston, Fredlund (eds) Proceedings 4th international conference on unsaturated soils, Carefree, Arizona. Geotechnical Special Publication No. 147, vol. 2, ASCE, Virginia, pp 1695–1706

Van Geel PJ, Sykes JF (1994) Laboratory and model simulations of a LNAPL spill in variably-saturated sand: 1. Laboratory experiment and image analysis techniques. J Contam Hydrol 17:1–25CrossRef

Villar MV (2006) Infiltration tests on a granite/bentonite mixture: influence of water salinity. Appl Clay Sci (31):96–109

Villar MV, Lloret A (2001) Variation of the intrinsic permeability of expansive clays upon saturation. In: Adachi K, Fukue M (ed) Clay science for engineering. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 259–266

Villar MV, Lloret A (2004) Influence of temperature on the hydromechanical behaviour of a compacted bentonite. Appl Clay Sci 26:337–350CrossRef

Villar MV, Martín PL, Lloret A (2005a) Determination of water retention curves of two bentonites at high temperature. In: Tarantino A, Romero E, Cui YJ (eds) Proceedings of the international symposium on advanced experimental unsaturated soil mechanics. June 27–29, 2005, Trento, Italy. Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp 77–82

Villar MV, Romero E, Lloret A (2005b) Thermo-mechanical and geochemical effects on the permeability of high-density clays. Proceedings of the international symposium on large scale field tests in granite. Advances in understanding engineered clay barriers. In: Alonso EE, Ledesma A (eds) A.A. Balkema Publishers, Leiden, pp 177–191

Villar MV, Lloret A (2006) Experimental investigation on the mechanical behaviour of unsaturated bentonite at high temperature. In: Miller, Zapata, Houston, Fredlund (eds) Geotechnical Special Publication No. 147, vol. 2. ASCE, Virginia, pp 1719–1730

Volckaert G, Ortiz L, De Cannière P, Put M., Horseman ST, Harrington JF, Fioravante V, Impey MD (1995) MEGAS: Modelling and experiments on gas migration in repository host rocks. Final report-Phase 1. CEC Nuclear Science & Technology Series, Luxembourg, European Commission Report EUR 16235 EN

Wiebe B, Graham J, Tang G X, Dixon D (1998) Influence of pressure, saturation and temperature on the behaviour of unsaturated sand-bentonite. Can Geotech J 35:194–205CrossRef

Woodburn JA, Lucas B (1995) New approaches to the laboratory and field measurements of soil suction. In: Alonso EE, Delage P (eds) Proceedings of the 1st international conference on unsaturated soils, vol 2. Balkema/Presses des Ponts et Chaussées, Paris, pp 667–691

Yahia-Aissa M (2000) Comportement hydromécanique d’une argile gonflante fortement compactée. PhD thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, Paris

Yahia-Aissa M, Delage P, Cui YJ (2000) Volume change behaviour of a dense compacted swelling clay under stress and suction changes. Experimental Evidence and Theoretical Approaches in Unsaturated Soils, Trento, Balkema, pp 65–74

Yahia-Aissa M, Delage P, Cui YJ (2001) Suction-water relationship in swelling clays. In: Adachi K, Fukue M (eds) Clay science for engineering, IS-Shizuoka International symposium on suction, swelling, permeability and structure of clays, Balkema, pp 65–68

Yong RN, Mohammed AMO, Warkentin BP (1992) Principles of contaminant transport in soils. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 327 pp

Yoshimi Y, Osterberg JO (1963) Compression of partially saturated cohesive soils. J Soil Mech Found Div. ASCE SM4:1–24

Titel: Geoenvironmental Testing
verfasst von: Pierre Delage
Enrique Romero
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2008
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Geotechnical and Geological Engineering / Ausgabe 6/2008
Print ISSN: 0960-3182
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-1529
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-008-9199-y

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2008

Axis Translation and Negative Water Column Techniques for Suction Control

Monitoring the Performance of Unsaturated Soil Slopes

Indirect Measurement of Suction

Vapour Equilibrium and Osmotic Technique for Suction Control

Mechanical Testing in Unsaturated Soils

Field Measurement of Suction, Water Content, and Water Permeability