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Journal of Nonverbal Behavior

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01.09.2009 | Original Paper

Psychosocial Correlates of Interpersonal Sensitivity: A Meta-Analysis

verfasst von: Judith A. Hall, Susan A. Andrzejewski, Jennelle E. Yopchick

Erschienen in: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior | Ausgabe 3/2009

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Abstract

This meta-analysis examines how interpersonal sensitivity (IS), defined as accurate judgment or recall of others’ behavior or appearance, is related to psychosocial characteristics of the perceiver, defined as personality traits, social and emotional functioning, life experiences, values, attitudes, and self-concept. For 215 independent studies reported in 96 published sources, higher IS was generally associated with favorable or adaptive psychosocial functioning. Significant mean correlations were found for 27 of the 40 categories of psychosocial variables; these categories covered many different personality traits, indicators of mental health, and social and work-related competencies. Moreover, many additional studies that fell outside these conceptual categories also showed significant positive relations between IS and numerous other psychosocial variables. Taken together, the results support the construct validity of IS tests and demonstrate that IS is associated with many important aspects of personal and social functioning.

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No predictions were made regarding moderators and, due to the typically small number of studies within a given analysis, different potential moderators were very unevenly distributed as well as highly confounded with each other. Although it would have been interesting to compare effects for different cue channels, different test contents (e.g., judgments of emotion versus judgments of personality, or between different specific emotions), it was not feasible to do so. Therefore, not much formal testing of moderators was done.

In a few studies, test-specific accuracy of self-assessments was also calculated in a different way, as the average within-participant correlation between the participant’s assessment of accuracy made after each test item and actual accuracy across those same items (Patterson et al. 2001; Smith et al. 1991). For this definition of self-accuracy, the results were slightly stronger than those shown in the first line of Table 4.

Though the conceptual similarities between the Davis and Kraus (1997) review and the present one are considerable, there are also differences in (1) the number of studies included, (2) the inclusion/exclusion criteria for what was included as a potential psychosocial correlate of IS, (3) the inclusion/exclusion criteria for what kinds of IS tests were included, (4) the inclusion/exclusion criteria for sample characteristics, and (5) how the psychosocial variables were categorized. Regarding the latter, considering that the category schemes for the psychosocial variables were inductively derived in both reviews, it is not surprising that some would be cross-cutting, labeled differently, etc. It is more important to acknowledge that the two reviews often reached the same conclusion than to discuss in detail all of the methodological differences.

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Titel: Psychosocial Correlates of Interpersonal Sensitivity: A Meta-Analysis
verfasst von: Judith A. Hall
Susan A. Andrzejewski
Jennelle E. Yopchick
Publikationsdatum: 01.09.2009
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior / Ausgabe 3/2009
Print ISSN: 0191-5886
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-3653
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10919-009-0070-5