5. Marine Resource Characteristics and Current Utilization

Under the background of a shortage of conventional resources (such as coal and oil) and overfishing of inshore fishery resources, countries all over the world are paying special attention to energy strategies. China has also been paying special attention to energy strategies, as realized through equal trade. In addition, China also actively promotes the development and utilization of renewable energy, which is undoubtedly an effective method to deal with climate change and ease the energy crisis. Since ancient times, the ocean has been the cradle of human life, and it is also a huge treasure house of resources, including the following: a wide range of biological resources, rich mineral resources, chemical resources, and inexhaustible power resources. Exploitation of marine resources can strongly guarantee the survival of human society and sustainable development during the 21st century. A thorough understanding of the resources involved in the relevant seas will be conducive to the efficient and rational exploitation and utilization of marine resources. In this chapter, the characteristics of marine resources in the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean are analyzed, which will contribute to the construction of the Maritime Silk Road, benefit international marine development and construction, and promote the sustainable development of human society.