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2018 | Buch

Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Measurement and Analysis of Performance of Industrial Crop Production: The Case of Iran’s Cotton and Sugar Beet Production

verfasst von: Dr. Masoomeh Rashidghalam

Verlag: Springer Singapore

Buchreihe : Perspectives on Development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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Über dieses Buch

This book employs different parametric and non-parametric panel data models which have been used in history of developed panel data efficiency measurement literature. It assesses the differences of models based on characteristics and efficiency scores measurement using a systematic sensitivity analysis of the results. On the whole twelve parametric and four nonparametric models were studied. Parametric models are classified in four groups in terms of the assumptions made on the temporal behavior of inefficiency. A common issue among all the parametric models is that inefficiency is individual producer-specific. This is consistent with the notion of measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. Non-parametric models are divided into partial and full frontier models. A main contribution of this volume is that it helps to understand differences between parametric and non-parametric models. On empirical part of the volume, technical efficiency of two agricultural strategic crops (cotton and sugar beet) in different provinces of the Iran are analyzed. Using different models, the most efficient and inefficient provinces in cotton and sugar beet production of Iran are recognized.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
This chapter gives a general introduction of the book. It provides a perspective on the important role that the agricultural sector plays in developing societies’ growth and development. This sector is needed for increasing crop production so that countries can meet the food and clothing needs of their increasing populations. Therefore, policy priorities for the agriculture sector include a quantitative analysis of production for increasing crop production. In this regard, Iran needs to increase the domestic production of industrial crops in two possible ways: first, by increasing the area under cultivation and second, increasing yield per unit of land. Due to limited supply of arable land and production inputs, the first alternative is not practical. Therefore, increasing industrial crop production from the land already under cultivation seems to be a better solution. In other words, if Iran can increase the amount of Industrial crop produced from one hectare of cultivated area, its total production will increase. This chapter also provides the main goals, assumptions and questions of the study that the rest of the chapters address.
Masoomeh Rashidghalam
Chapter 2. Industrial Crop Production
Abstract
This chapter provides detailed information about the area cultivated, production and productivity of cotton and sugar beet in Iran by discussing the production and productivity of these two crops in different provinces of the country. It compares these numbers with the rest of world. It states that one of the main problems in Iran is lack of production and little economic growth. Low level of technical efficiency in production and inadequate use of the factors of production are important reasons for this state of affairs. Achieving higher production and higher economic growth is not possible without increasing physical capacity and consumption of inputs except through increased efficiency. Therefore, improving efficiency both at the micro and macro levels (national) is of great importance.
Masoomeh Rashidghalam
Chapter 3. Performance Measurement and a Review of Literature
Abstract
This chapter is divided into two parts. The first part introduces the theoretical framework of technical, allocative and their combinations’ (economical) efficiency measurement based on input-oriented (cost minimization) or output-oriented (output maximization) measurements. This part addresses some of the drawbacks of cross-sectional data in technical efficiency measurement and addresses the advantages of using panel data instead. The second part of the chapter provides a detailed review of literature on measuring technical efficiency. This chapter makes three main contributions to literature. First, this book fills the gap between a methodological analysis of panel data stochastic frontier models and its empirical applications in the agricultural sector by reviewing existing stochastic panel data models in literature. Second, the book considers the effect of time in non-parametric models using a Window analysis. Time effect is usually ignored in non-parametric frontier models, especially in new partial frontier models (for example, Order-m and Order-α models). Third, the book not only compares different parametric and non-parametric models but it also chooses the models which are best suited to the datasets that are used based on different tests.
Masoomeh Rashidghalam
Chapter 4. Parametric and Non-parametric Models for Efficiency Measurement
Abstract
The first part of this chapter outlines 12 parametric panel data models classified into four groups in terms of the assumptions made on the temporal behavior of inefficiency. The models are grouped by their underlying assumptions: models assuming the inefficiency effects to be time-invariant and individual-specific; allowing inefficiency to be individual-specific but time-varying; models separating inefficiency effects from unobserved individual effects; and models separating persistent inefficiency and time-varying inefficiency from unobservable individual effects. In general, all performance measurement methods are expected to generate individual-specific effects. The chapter sheds light on whether particular panel data stochastic frontier models are better suited to different datasets.The second part of this chapter includes four non-parametric models. Two of these models are full frontier models (DEA and FDH) and the other two are partial frontier models (Order-m and Order-α).
Masoomeh Rashidghalam
Chapter 5. Models Applied to Iran’s Cotton and Sugar Beet Production
Abstract
In this chapter all the parametric and non-parametric models are applied to two datasets from Iran’s cotton and sugar beet producing provinces. The data for cotton crop is a balanced panel of 13 provinces observed over 13 years from 2000 to 2012, with 169 observations. The dataset for sugar beet is also a balanced panel and includes 143 observations from 11 provinces over 13 years. The main variables used in the different models include output, labor, seeds, pesticides, chemical fertilizers and animal fertilizers. The variables which influence technical efficiency are share of chemical fertilizers in total fertilizers and the machinery utilization rate measured in percentage use. This chapter also sheds light on whether particular panel data stochastic frontier models are better suited to different datasets. It conducts tests of functional forms and nestedness and analyzes them. Based on these criteria and tests the best parametric model for each dataset is selected. The most efficient and inefficient provinces in cotton and sugar beet production are recognized based on the most suitable model and technical efficiency scores. Finally, the most efficient provinces in cotton and sugar beet production of Iran are recognized.
Masoomeh Rashidghalam
Chapter 6. Analysis of Results and Policy Recommendations
Abstract
Based on the analysis of the empirical results in earlier chapters, this chapter offers some recommendations for both policymakers and producers of industrial crops in Iran.
Masoomeh Rashidghalam
Chapter 7. Summary and Conclusion
Abstract
This book used both parametric and non-parametric up-to-date and commonly used models to evaluate technical efficiency of Iranian provinces in industrial crop production (cotton and sugar beet). It also discussed the determinants of technical efficiency to be used in policymaking to support industries. This book’s secondary goal was ranking different provinces and determining efficient provinces in cotton and sugar beet production in Iran so that these can serve as models while allocating public support to the provinces for enhancing fairness and efficiency in society.
Masoomeh Rashidghalam
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Measurement and Analysis of Performance of Industrial Crop Production: The Case of Iran’s Cotton and Sugar Beet Production
verfasst von
Dr. Masoomeh Rashidghalam
Copyright-Jahr
2018
Verlag
Springer Singapore
Electronic ISBN
978-981-13-0092-9
Print ISBN
978-981-13-0091-2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0092-9

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