nach oben

Erschienen in:

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

11. Mobile Payments and Merger Regulation: A Case Law Analysis

verfasst von : Daniele D’Alvia

Erschienen in: Bitcoin and Mobile Payments

Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan UK

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

D’Alvia offers an updated overview of the main competition issues that currently affect the m-payment ecosystem through a case law analysis of two recent decisions upheld by the European Commission. M-payment solutions are still in their infancy and are the product of fast technological improvements. Hence, the chapter is aiming at the examination of preliminary operative aspects of joint ventures that are created by banks and mobile network operators in order to prevent the occurrence of possible anticompetitive effects of such cooperation in terms of vertical, horizontal and conglomerate merger effects.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Virtual Currencies, M-Payments and VAT: Ready for the Future?

Nächstes Kapitel Mobile Payments and Bitcoin: Concluding Reflections on the Digital Upheaval in Payments

The parent company of the Telefónica Group, an international telecommunication company providing communication, information and entertainment services in Spain, Germany, Ireland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and the UK and in a number of countries in South America.

A financial institution wholly controlled by La Caixa, Caja de Ahorros (“La Caixa”), the parent company of La Caixa Group, active in banking, insurance, pension and investment activities mainly in Spain and internationally by means of strategic alliances and a network of representative offices.

The parent company of the Santander Group, active in banking, asset management, corporate and investment banking, treasury and insurance in Europe, South America, the USA and marginally in Asia.

In particular the European Commission has in previous decisions (Commission decision of 3 October 2008 in Case COMP/M. 5241, Commission decision of 29 September 2006 in Case COMP/M. 4316, Commission decision of 2 June 2005 in Case COMP/M. 3740, Commission decision of 8 November 2001 in Case COMP/M. 2567) held that the merchant acquiring market may be further subdivided according to different parameters such as the type of scheme organization (international, domestic), customer type (consumer, commercial), type of card (debit, credit) or according to the brand (MasterCard, Maestro, American Express Personal Green Card, etc.).

A merger has horizontal effects when undertakings are producing the same product and, therefore, are actual or potential competitors in the same relevant market.

They accounted for 90.5 % of retail mobile revenuers in the UK at the time of the filing.

Telefónica UK is a wholly owned subsidiary of Telefónica SA, and belongs to the Telefónica Group, which mainly offers fixed and mobile telephony services in a number of EU Member States as well as in a number of countries outside Europe, in particular in Latin America.

Vodafone Group is the holding company of a group of companies that is involved in the operation of mobile telecommunications network and the provision of related telecommunication services. It is active through its subsidiaries elsewhere in the European Union and in the world through its partner network. Vodafone UK Limited (“Vodafone UK”) is the wholly owned subsidiary of Vodafone Group active in particular in the mobile telephony retail market in the UK.

Everything Everywhere is a joint venture created by the merger of T-Mobile UK and Orange UK. It is owned by France Télécom and Deutsche Telekom, which are involved in fixed and mobile telephony services in a number of EU Member States and worldwide.

NFC is a technology standard which enables secure short-range communication between any handset with the relevant chipset in it and another similarly enabled handset (typically a reader), when it is placed within a short distance (typically 3–5 mm).

Yoris Au, Robert Kauffman, “The economics of mobile payments: understanding stakeholder issues for an emerging financial technology application”, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 7 (2008): 142.

There are different business models. In the mobile centric model the customers may make a payment to merchants by virtue of his or her mobile phone and this is then charged to the mobile phone bills of the customer. In the same way, in the bank centric model the bank does not collaborate with MNOs and rather the bank starts an m-payment service of its own. The most efficient forms of business from an economic point of view are those that relate to integration between banks and MNOs.

Marc Bourreau, Marianne Verdier, “Cooperation for Innovation in Payment Systems: The case of Mobile Payments”, Working Paper in Economics and Social Sciences ESS-10-02, 1–24 (2010): 16.

Indeed, in relation to tying arrangement it should be outlined a distinction between technical tying and contractual tying. According to the former a tying product or service is designed to work only with the tied product and not with the alternatives offered by competitors; while contractual tying refers to the impossibility of the consumer to purchase other alternative products or services offered by competitors in addition to the tied product or service purchased.

Guidelines on the assessment of non-horizontal mergers under the Council Regulation on the control of concentrations between undertakings, OJ C 265, 18 October 2008, p. 6, paragraphs 93–94.

Guidelines on the assessment of horizontal mergers under the Council Regulation on the control of the concentrations between undertakings, OJ C 31, 5 February 2004, paragraphs 8 and 38.

Jun Liu, Robert Kauffman, Dan Ma, “Competition, cooperation, and regulation: understanding the evolution of the mobile payments technology ecosystem”, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 14 (2015): 382; Andriew S. Lim, “Inter-consortia battles in mobile payments standardisation”, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 7, no.2 (2008): 202.

Regulation (EU) No. 751 of 29 April 2015.

Case No. COMP/M. 6314, paragraph 379.

Au, Y., & Kauffman, R. (2008). The economics of mobile payments: Understanding stakeholder issues for an emerging financial technology application. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 7, 141–164.CrossRef

Bourreau, M., & Verdier, M. (2010) Cooperation for innovation in payment systems: The case of mobile payments. Working Paper in Economics and Social Sciences ESS-10-02, 1–24.

Lim, A. S. (2008). Inter-consortia battles in mobile payments standardisation. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 7(2), 202–213.CrossRef

Liu, J., Kauffman, R., & Ma, D. (2015). Competition, cooperation, and regulation: Understanding the evolution of the mobile payments technology ecosystem. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 14(5), 372–391.CrossRef

Titel: Mobile Payments and Merger Regulation: A Case Law Analysis
verfasst von: Daniele D’Alvia
Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Buch: Bitcoin and Mobile Payments
Print ISBN: 978-1-137-57511-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-137-57512-8

Copyright-Jahr: 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57512-8_11